I-Aucuba - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, isithombe

Izithombe

I-Aucuba noma isihlahla seGolide (I-Aucuba) - isitshalo exotic sekuyiminyaka eminingi kuheha izivakashi eMpumalanga Asia ukubukeka kwayo. Lapho kwenzeka kususa insikazi eJapan, ngemuva kokuvela kwezithelo ezikuyo, abantu babona ukuthi i-aucuba isitshalo esihlanzekile. Kuthathe isihlahlana sesilisa ukusabalalisa isitshalo emhlabeni wonke.

Isitshalo esingaphansi komhlaba esine-Hardy subtropical singaba khona ngisho nasethunzini elijulile lamahlathi. Kunezinhlobo eziyi-8 ezivamile eChina, Japan, Korea, eHimalaya. Isihlahla esihlala sinezimbali ezibomvu sishintshwe ukuze sitshalwe ekhaya. Uhlobo lwesitshalo esithandwa kakhulu yiJapan aucuba.

Isitshalo se-Aucuba esinezindawo eziphuzi kuhlamvu anamaqabunga ajwayelekile, siyisihlahla esiluhlaza esingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-3-4. Esikhathini sokuqhakaza, i-nondescript nezimbali ezincane ziyavela ngamapanicles ngokuvamile anombala obomvu noma onsomi. Izinga lokukhula kwesitshalo liphakeme, unyaka nonyaka ubude besiqu bukhuphuka ngamasentimitha ayi-15 ukuya kwengama-20. Isikhathi sokuphila sesitshalo se-perennial ebhodweni singafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu.

	Kwesizini eyodwa, lesi sitshalo sinezela ukukhula ngo-15-20 cm.
	Iqhakaza ehlobo, ngomswakama ophakeme ingaqhakaza ebusika.
	Iqhakaza ngezimbali ezincane ezibomvu entwasahlobo.
	Isitshalo se-perennial.

Izici eziwusizo

Isithombe se-Aucuba efasiteleni

Phakathi kwezakhiwo eziwusizo:

ukuhlanzwa komoya kusuka kumagciwane ayingozi;
ukwelashwa kokusha, i-frostbite, isimila, ukulimala emzimbeni;
ukwelashwa kwenxeba.

Iqeda amandla amabi abantu, kuthathwa njengesihlahla senhlala-kahle yomndeni. Le mbali ithathwa njengemascot yasekhaya eChina, Korea naseJapan, futhi muva nje nakwamanye amazwe amaningi.

Izici zokukhula ekhaya. Kafushane

I-Aucuba ekhaya ayizethembi. Kodwa-ke, okunye ukunakekela lesi sitshalo kusadingeka:

Ukushisa	Lesi sitshalo sizizwa sikhululekile ezimweni ezipholile, kahle ngo-20 ° C, akusekho okunye, futhi ebusika kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-10 ° C
Umswakama womoya	Okuphakathi. Umoya omile awumubi kangako kuye, kepha ukufafaza ngeke kube okuthe xaxa, ikakhulukazi ebusika ngohlelo lokufudumeza olusebenzayo.
Isibani	Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kufanelekile kulesi sitshalo.
Ukunisela	Ukuthambisa kwenhlabathi ethambile kuyadingeka. Ehlobo, kanye ngesonto kwanele, ebusika isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-2. Phakathi kokunisela inhlabathi kufanele ome.
Inhlabathi	Izitshalo emhlabathini okhanyayo zizizwa zingcono kakhulu.
Umanyolo nomanyolo	Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungathenga umanyolo we-organic, amaminerali, kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu kwe-granular. Sebenzisa kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ngasekupheleni kwehlobo 1 isikhathi njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3-4.
Ukufakelwa	Kwenziwa isikhathi esingu-1 ngeminyaka engu-1-2 ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, uma izitshalo zincane. Kwabadala, imvamisa kufanele inciphiswe ibe yisikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni engama-2-3.
Ukuzala	Kunezindlela ezi-2 eziyinhloko - ukusikwa kwe-apical kuhlaze futhi kwasakazwa imbewu, kepha ukukhula kuhamba kancane.
Izici Ezikhulayo	Ukuze lesi sitshalo sikhule kahle futhi sichume ekhaya, ehlobo ungathatha imbiza ye-aucuba uye emgwaqweni. Iyakwazi ukuphila ngisho nasemoyeni obhemayo. Futhi idinga ukulungiswa njalo.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Aucuba ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Ukufakelwa

Ingxube yomhlaba, i-peat nesihlabathi isetshenziselwa ukutshala isihlahlana. Ngokuhambisa izitshalo ezindala, udinga ukukhetha indlela yokudlulisela kwesinye isitsha bese usenza ngokucophelela.

Udinga ukutshala izingcezu engxube yesihlabathi se-peat-sand noma esihlabathini esihlanzekile lapho kushona ilanga ebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe ezingeni lama-20-22 ° C.

Izimbali

Ukubukeka okuhle i-aucube dala amaqabunga amakhulu, akhanyayo aluhlaza. Uma i-aucuba ikhula ngaphakathi ezindlini, ingaqhakaza ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-inflorescence apical ngokuvamile abomvu, avuthayo, anombala obomvu. Amathunzi ahlangana ngokuphelele namahlamvu aluhlaza aphuzi agcwele.

Uma kukhona abantu besitshalo bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane egumbini, khona-ke ngemuva kokuqhakaza izithelo ezibomvu zomumo okwakhekile, kuzoba isikhumbuzo sika-barberry. Isikhathi sezimbali siphela ngasebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Abanye basebenzisa lezi zithelo ezibomvu ekuphekeni nasekwelapheni kwendabuko.

Imodi yokushisa

I-aucuba yasekhaya izokhula kahle lapho ibuka umbuso wokushisa we-18-20 ° C ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, 10-14 ° C ebusika. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lizothuthukisa ukukhipha amahlamvu shrub. Ehlobo, ungabeka lesi sitshalo ebhodweni ngaphandle, kepha ngasikhathi sinye udinga ukusivikela elangeni eliqondile nemvula engenzeka.

Ukufafaza

Imbali ye-Aucub ekhaya idinga ukufafazwa okuphoqelekile ngenkathi ebandayo, lapho kushisa nezinye izinto zokomisa umoya ekhaya, kufakwa phakathi nendawo. Uma izinga lokushisa lasekamelweni ligcinwa liphansi, ukufafaza kufanele kwenziwe kancane futhi ngokunembile ngesilinganiso esilinganiselwe, ngaphandle kwalokho lokhu kuzoholela ekubukekeni nasekwakheni isikhunta.

Kwezinye izinkathi zonyaka, ungakhohlwa ukufafaza i-aucuba yegumbi, asikho isidingo sale nqubo.

Isibani

Ukubeka imbiza eduzane nefasitela eliseningizimu kuchazwe ngokuphelele. Ikhula ngisho nasezimweni eziphansi zokukhanya, kepha ngaphandle kokukhanya le nqubo inciphisa ijubane. Lezo zinhlobonhlobo ezinamahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza zingaba khona ngisho emthunzini oqhubekayo.

Ukunisela

Ukuchelela okuningi kufanele kuhlinzekelwe imbali ngoMeyi nasezinyangeni zehlobo. Kuyadingeka ukunikeza isitshalo amanzi lapho ingaphezulu lomhlabathi liqala ukoma.

Ngenkathi ebandayo nasekwindla, isitshalo ngeke sidinge ukuthambisa okuningi. Umswakama owedlulele emhlabathini uholela ebumnyameni bamaqabunga esitshalo, ukuwohloka kwesimo sawo.

Imbiza

Ukunakekela i-aucuba kudinga okhethekile futhi ngokuphelele, khona-ke angaphila impilo yakhe yonke ebhodweni elifanayo. Ngakho-ke, ingatshalwa ngokushesha ebhodweni elikhulu.

Uma kukhethwe ibhodwe eliphakathi nendawo noma elincane, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi inombolo enkulu yezimpande zezitshalo izophazamisa ubukhona obuntofontofo.

Ngakho-ke, ukufakelwa kuleli cala akunakugwenywa. Uma ekuqaleni ukhetha imbiza ebanzi kakhulu, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ifakwe emiseleni enhle.

Inhlabathi

Ukwakha inhlabathi, udinga ukuthatha isilinganiso esilinganayo senhlabathi ye-turf, isihlabathi esiqhekekile, i-perlite, i-peat emanzi noma i-humus. Kuyadingeka futhi ukunikela ngezimbobo nokudonsa amanzi ebhodweni.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ukugqoka imbali yasekhaya kwenziwa ngokunisela kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ku-Agasti. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga umanyolo wamaminerali ekuhlushwa okujwayelekile. Bheka ingxenye ekhonjiswe kwiphakheji yomenzi. Ekwindla nasebusika, awudingi ukwengeza isitshalo, ngoba lesi sikhathi sonyaka sithathwa njengephupho lakhe.

Uma kungenawo umanyolo owanele kanye nokugqoka okungaphezulu, kuzovela amaqabunga amancane ezihlahleni nasegatsheni lawo.

Ukufakelwa

Izitshalo eziphindayo i-aucuba ekhaya udinga minyaka yonke ukufinyelela iminyaka engu-5. Inqubo yokufakelwa nayo iyadingeka njengoba kudingeka, lapho izimpande ziyeka ukulingana ebhodweni. Ngemuva kokufinyelela eminyakeni emihlanu, asikho isidingo sokufakelwa.

Ukuze wenze le nqubo kahle, ungqimba lwamanzi kufanele lubekwe ezansi ebhodweni. Lokhu kuzosusa umswakama omningi womhlaba olimaza isitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho-ke kuyisicefe ukuqamba inhlabathi isuka ezingxenyeni ezifanayo ze-peat, umhlabathi wephepha, isihlabathi. Noma kunjalo inhlabathi ingalungiswa kusuka ku-turf ne sheet sheet, humus, sand, peat. Ngokucophelela udinga ukuphatha uhlelo lwezimpande ze-aucuba ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Imvama kakhulu futhi inhle kakhulu.

Izihlahla

NgoMashi, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa nokuncipha amahlumela amasha. Yile nqubo evumela ukuthi lesi sitshalo sihlinzeke ngesihle, ngisho nomqhele. Ngemuva kokuthena, amahlumela amancane angasetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kabusha.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Isikhathi sokuphumula kwesitshalo se-aucuba siqala maphakathi ekwindla futhi sihlala kuze kube sebusika. Ukusuka ngo-Okthoba kuze kube nguFebhuwari, izitshalo ziyaqedwa, izinqubo eziningi zomzimba zivinjelwe noma zime ngokuphelele. Imbali ayidedeli amaqabunga amasha, kanye nama-inflorescence.

Esikhathini se-hibernation, udinga ukuhlinzeka ngokushisa kwe-8-14 ° C, ukuchelela okujwayelekile nokulinganiselayo, akufanelekile ukufakwa kumanyolo.

Ukuzala

Ekhiqizweni kwezitshalo, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezimbili zokusakazeka kwe-aucuba: ukusika kanye nokusebenzisa imbewu.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika

Ukusika - ukukhiqiza kabusha, okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwamahlumela apical wonyaka odlule. Ukuze ihlumela lithome, kufanele libe namaqabunga amathathu okungenani.

Izimbumbulu zifakwa engxube ye-peat noma esihlabathini esihlanzekile ngaphansi kwe-polyethylene noma ingilazi.
Maviki onke, udinga ukufudumeza inhlabathi bese uthambisa umoya ithangi, ulondoloze izinga lokushisa lama-22 ° C.
Kungemva kokuba ukhula lwenhlanganisela ephelele ye-cuttings ongayifaka phakathi izimbiza ezahlukene.

Ukukhula kwe-Aucuba kusuka kwiMbewu

Ukusakazwa kwembewu kufaka ukuqoqwa kwezilimo ezintsha.

Abantu besilisa nabesifazane bawela ngobuciko, bekhula eduze kwabo.
Imbewu eqoqwe kumele ihlwanyelwe emhlabathini, nayo embozwe ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene, ibekwe endaweni efudumele yegumbi.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, udinga ukunisela inhlabathi, ufake umoya ithangi.
Kuzoqhuma amahlumela maduze. Zingadluliselwa ezimbizeni ezihlukile kuphela ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ama-3-4 ezitshalweni ezincane. Kepha uma ukhetha le ndlela, kungenzeka ukuthi kulahlekelwe izinhlamvu ezihlukile.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Isithasiselo sendlu ye-Aucub singathinteka yilezi zifo:

Kushiya izinhlayiya izihloko zazo ziphuzi - ukukhanya ngokweqile.
Amahlamvu ayaphela - Lokhu kusho ukungagcineki, okungenazakhi zomsoco kanye namaminerali umhlabathi.
Amacembe aphansi aphenduka aphuzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi, aqale ukuwa - Izinguquko ezibalulekile emazingeni okushisa, ngokunisela okungajwayelekile.
Ukunciphisa inani lamabala aphuzi emaqabungeni - Ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba noma ukukhanya.
Amabala amnyama emaqabungeni- umswakama ngokweqile emhlabathini.
I-Crohn eyomile -ukuba egumbini elinomoya omile.
Amancanyana amancanyana nokukhula kancane - Ukuntuleka kokudla.

I-Indoor aucuba ingathinteka yizinambuzane ezinjengemhlophe, izinambuzane ezikalwa ngezidladla, ama-mealybugs kanye nesibungu sesicabucabu.

Izinhlobo zama-aucubas ezenziwe ekhaya ngezithombe namagama

Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-8 zezitshalo ezihlala zikhula ezikhula emkhondweni weplanethi, kusukela eHimalaya kuya eJapan. Kepha abathandwa kakhulu 2 kubo.

I-Aucuba Japanese

Isitshalo esine-oval bushelelezi sishiya sibe amasentimitha angama-20 ngosayizi. Uma sikhona ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo zesitshalo, ukuphakama kwaso kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuvela ama-panicles abomvu akhanyayo.

Ukuthatha izithelo kuyaqabukela. Kungakhiqiza amajikijolo amhlophe, aphuzi, abomvu. Ukutshala izitshalo njalo kukuvumela ukuthi wakhe umqhele omuhle. AmaJapan ahluke kolunye uhlukile endaweni nosayizi wamabala, kuvame kakhulu.

I-Aucuba Himalayan

isitshalo esingavamile kakhulu ekukhuleni kwasekhaya. Ihlukile kunhlobonhlobo edlule ngobukhulu, ukwakheka nombala. Amaqabunga ayo abukhali, awondile futhi aluhlaza ngombala onemiphetho yokusika. Isitshalo sinamahlumela akhula ngokushesha adinga ukuthenwa.