IStreptocarpus - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, ukutshalwa kwembewu, isithombe

IStreptocarpus (Streptocarpus) - isitshalo se-herbaceous, esishisayo somndeni wamaGesneriaceae (Gesneriaceae) weza kithi evela ezwenikazi lase-Afrika, lapho ekhula khona kakhulu esimweni semvelo saseKenya, Tanzania, South Africa. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ihlukile ekukhuleni okukhulu nezimbali.

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokusakazeka, ukugeleza kwe-streptocarpus ekhaya kuqala kungakapheli izinyanga eziyi-10-11. Lesi sitshalo asinaso isiqu esimaphakathi; amaqabunga aso agqamile, aqoqiwe aqoqwe ku-rosette ebanzi. Ukwakheka kweshidi kuyinto ephakeme, i-lanceolate. Igama lesitshalo lihlotshaniswa nokwakheka kwebhokisi lembewu.

	Ikhula ngokushesha. Ama-blooms ngonyaka wokutshala.
	Iqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla yokuqala.
	Isitshalo kulula ukusikhulisa.
	Iminyaka engama-2-3. Muva nje, lesi sitshalo silahlekelwa ukubukeka kwayo okuhle.

Izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-streptocarpus

IStreptocarpus ikhule ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa. Kubukeka kukuhle kunoma iyiphi ingaphakathi, hhayi kuphela ngesikhathi sezimbali eziningi. I-rosette yamaqabunga amancane nayo ibukeka kahle. Isitshalo asilona ubuthi, kodwa sinezakhiwo ezimbalwa ezilusizo. Abanye abathandi bakusebenzisa ngamanani amancane njengesithako se-spice.

Nakekela i-streptocarpus ekhaya. Kafushane

Ukuze isitshalo sikhule kahle futhi sichume kakhulu, ukudalwa kwezimo ezamukelekayo kuyadingeka:

Ukushisa	IStreptocarpus ekhaya isabela kabi emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-25 ° C, futhi ngaphansi kuka-14 ° C.
Umswakama womoya	Kudinga ukugcina umswakama ophezulu ngaphakathi endlini ngaphandle kokufaka amanzi ebusweni bamaqabunga nezimbali.
Isibani	Ilungisa ukukhanya okuhle ngaphandle kokuchayeka isikhathi eside elangeni eliqondile kanye namahora amade wemini.
Ukunisela	Ukuchelela okuvamisileko kwenhlabathi ngaphansi kwempande ngaphandle kokuzitika ngokweqile kuyadingeka.
Inhlabathi	Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya, okuvulekile, okunendawo enhle yokudonsa, enothile ngezakhi zomhlabathi.
Umanyolo nomanyolo	Ngesikhathi sokukhula okuthe xaxa nokuqhakaza kwezimbali, kuyadingeka ukubuyisa ukunikezwa kwezakhi zomzimba okungenani izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngenyanga.
Ukufakelwa	Ukuze uvuselele isihlahla, gcina ivolumu yenhlabathi kanye nekhwalithi yayo, ukufakelwa okwenziwa okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
Ukuzala	Kwenziwe ngembewu nangezitho zemvelo.
Izici Ezikhulayo	Amakamelo akhanyayo, afudumele ngokulinganiselwe, anomswakama ayadingeka ngokufaka umoya omncane, kepha ngaphandle kokusalungiswa, imikhiqizo yokuhlangana kanye nogwayi.

Nakekela i-streptocarpus ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Imibono yabatshali bezimbali maqondana nemiphumela yesitshalo ayihlangani. Abanye bakuthola kulula ukukhula, ngisho nakwabaqalayo. Kepha ukuze imbali ijabulise ukubukeka kwayo nokuqhakaza okuhle, udinga ukudala izimo ezithile kuyo futhi unake njalo.

I-Flowroscarpus yezimbali

Lesi sitshalo sinezinhlobonhlobo eziningi kanye nzalo ehlukene ngesimo sezimbali nombala waso, ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kokwebhulowu, okubandakanya okuningana nobala. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemibala eminingana kungenzeka. Izimbali zisesimweni sezimbi ezinsimbi. Lapho emincane, ayatholakala ama-inflorescence amaningi futhi ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuningi.

Kusukela ku-sinus yeqabunga kuqhamuka i-peduncle eyodwa, lapho, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, kusuka kuzimbali eziningana kuya emashumini ambalwa kungaqhakaza. Usayizi we-corolla yezimbali kwezinye izinhlobo ufinyelela ku-8-10cm. Ngenxa yokuqhakaza, kwakhiwa ibhokisi lembewu eliqukethe imbewu eningi encane. Imbali yeStreptocarpus ekhaya ayiveliswanga kangako enhlanyelweni.

Ukunaka! Ukuze lesi sitshalo sibe nokubukeka okukhangayo futhi singakhathali, ama-inflorescence aqothulayo anqunywa, ngaphandle kokulinda ukwakheka kwebhokisi.

Imodi yokushisa

Imbali ayiphenduli kahle ekushiseni, naphezu kwesizalo sase-Afrika. Ukhululekile emazingeni okushisa angama-20 kuye kwangama-25 ° C efasiteleni noma kuvulandi evikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Izinga lokushisa lomoya elivumelekile eliphansi ebusika yi-14-15 ° C.

Ukufafaza

Ukoma komoya egumbini kusithinta kabi isimo samaqabunga nokuqhakaza, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umswakama womoya noma ukufafaza umoya ngesibhamu sokufafaza.

Lapho amanzi efika emaqabungeni nasezimbali, i-streptocarpus ilahlekelwa ukubukeka kwayo okukhangayo, ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwenziwa ngokusula amaqabunga ngama-napkins owomile. Njengoba ama-moisturizer esebenzisa i-tray enobumba obunwebekile olumanzi, amatshe amatshe, ama-moss, afakwe eduze kwamabhodwe.

Isibani

Ukuqhakaza okugcwele, isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okuningi kanye nosuku olude. Kepha ukukhanya kwelanga kufanele kufakwe ukuze amaqabunga angashisi. Ngasohlangothini olusenyakatho lwendlu, ukukhanyisa kungenzeka kunganele futhi ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe ngamalambu kuyadingeka. Ama-sill wewindows asentshonalanga nasempumalanga alungelekela ukutshala.

Ukunisela

I-streptocarpus yasekhaya idinga ukuthambisa okujwayelekile, okulinganiselayo ngamanzi afudumele ahlelwe kahle. Ukufuma ngokweqile kubangela ukubola futhi nokufa kwesitshalo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukunisela kancane kunokugcwala ngokweqile. Ehlobo, imvamisa yokunisela iyizikhathi ezi-2 ngeviki, ebusika - hhayi kaningi ukwedlula emva kwezinsuku ezingama-8-10.

Emazingeni okushisa komoya aphansi (15 ° C nangaphansi), ukuthambisa kumiswa ngokuphelele.

Inhlabathi ye-Streptocarpus

Isitshalo sikhetha inhlabathi elula, evulekile, evundile. ngokushintshana komoya omuhle. Indlela elula ukuthenga umhlabathi olinganiselwe owenziwe kahle esitolo esikhethekile. Ungalungisa le ngxube ngokwakho ngale ndlela:

umhlaba wamashidi - izingxenye ezi-2;
Peat, isihlabathi, humus - 1 ingxenye ngayinye.

Ungase futhi uhlanganise izingxenye ezilinganayo zomhlaba, i-peat ne-sphagnum moss. Ezinganeni ezikhulayo, ingxube ye-peat, i-perlite ne-humus (5: 2: 1) kufanelekile.

Izinto zokwakha amanzi zithululelwa ezansi kwembiza.

Ukunaka! Zonke izinto zokuxuba, ezokudonsa amanzi neziqukathi zokutshala zingasasebenzi nge-heating noma ngesixazululo se-potanganum permanganate.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

IStreptocarpus yathuthuka kakhulu futhi idinga izakhamzimba eziningi. Esigabeni sokuqala, sokukhula kwe-rosette yamaqabunga, ukukhetha kunikezwa kumanyolo we-nitrogen, esiteji sokubeka ama-peduncle nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza - i-phosphorus-potash.

Ezitolo ezikhethekile zinikeza amalungiselelo ayinkimbinkimbi okulula kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuhlanganiswa nokunisela ngokuphumula kwezinsuku ezingama-8-10 futhi kwenziwa kuphela esikhathini sentwasahlobo-sasehlobo.

Usayizi webhodwe

Lapho kukhula imbali ngokusebenzisa imbewu yokuhlwanyela, izithombo esigabeni 2 sangempela sishiya izigaxa ezitsheni zamahhala kude nge-1.5-3.0 cm, bese izitshalo ezikhulile zidluliselwa kumabhodwe ahlukile. Ubukhulu bawo esiteji sokuqala yi-6-8 cm.

Ngokufakelwa ngakunye, ibhodwe landa ngamasentimitha ambalwa. Lapho ukhule ngesilinganiso esikhulu kakhulu, ukukhula okuthe xaxa kwama rosette amaqabunga kuyabonakala futhi ukuqhakaza kuncipha. Kwisitjalo esidala, umthamo webhodwe kufanele okungenani ube ngu-16 - 18 cm, angajulile, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande lubanzi.

Kungcono ukukhulisa imbali ebhodweni lobumba, kodwa futhi izizwa kahle ebhodweni lepulasitiki uma kukhona okudonsa amanzi kanye nokunisela okufanele.

Ukufakelwa kwe-Streptocarpus

Endaweni eyodwa, i-streptocarpus ingakhula isikhathi eside ngokwanele, kepha lapho ineminyaka engu-3, i-rosette yamaqabunga iyaqina, isitshalo sesinciphile, sibukeka singekho kangako, ukuqhakaza imbala, kuphulukene nomphumela waso wokuhlobisa.

Ukufakelwa kuxazulula izinkinga eziningana:

ukuvuselelwa kwesihlahla;
ukuzala;
ukukhuphuka kwevolumu nekhwalithi yenhlabathi.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Ama-specimens amadala kuphela, anempilo anokuqhakaza unyaka wonke, yize ukubukeka kwawo nekhwalithi yezimbali ziwohloka ngaphandle kwekhefu lokuphumula. Ebusika, zakha ngokwakha izimo zesikhathi sokuphumula, zinciphisa ukuthambisa, ukukhanyisa, ukuyeka ukondla nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa komoya.

Izihlahla

Ngezinhloso zokuhlanzeka, ukuthenwa kwamaqabunga alimile futhi aphuzi, kwenziwa izimbali ezithandekayo. Emahlathini amadala, izinqubo ezincane ziyasuswa ezingakwazi ukuncintisana nezitho zezitshalo ezikhulisiwe.

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-streptocarpus

Okwakha izinhlobo kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene. Izindlela zemifino zingalonda ngokuphelele izici zobuntu besitshalo somama. Ukutshalwa kwe-streptocarpus ngokuhlwanyela imbewu kuyinqubo ende futhi umphumela awukwazi ukubikezelwa njalo.

Ukukhishwa kabusha kwe-streptocarpus ngokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla

Kanye nokufakelwa kwentwasahlobo, ukusakazeka kwesitshalo kuyenziwa. ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla esidala (iminyaka engama-2-3) sibe izingxenye.

Izimpande zikhululwa emhlabathini, zingakamiswanga ngokucophelela, zihlukaniswe ngesandla noma ngommese obukhali ocijile.
Izingxenye ezonakalisiwe zezimpande ziyasuswa, izindawo zezilayi ezifafazwe ngamalahle ocushiwe.
Ukwakha ukuphuma okusha, kukhethwe amahlumela amasha (izingane) ezinezimpande ezinhle, atshalwe enhlabathini emanzi, evulekile.
Ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama ngaphambi kokufakwa, izitshalo ezintsha zigcinwa ngaphansi kwethafa elibonakalayo elangeni.

Ukusakazeka kwe-streptocarpus ngokusikwa

IStreptocarpus nayo ingasatshalaliswa ezinye izingxenye zesitshalo: izingane ezingenazimpande ezisele ekuhlukanisweni, amaqabunga aphelele ezinama-petioles nezingxenye zawo.

Zicwiliselwa ekujuleni kwamanzi okujulile kuze kube yilapho kwakheka izimpande, enhlabathini enomswakama noma emhlabathini.
Izindawo zokusikwa ziyacutshungulwa, njengokwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla.
Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, isiqu sidluliselwa ebhodweni eline-substrate ekhethiwe.

I-streptocarpus ekhulayo kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Okuvame ukwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuzalela ukuthola izici ezihlukile.

Isimbali se-Streptocarpus ekhaya sihlwanyelwa ezitsheni ezingajulile ezigcwele nge-vermiculite, i-peat ne-perlite.
Ngakho-ke ukuthi imbewu encane isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu kobuso, ihlanganiswa nesihlabathi.
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi iyanyiswa ngesibhamu sokufafaza.
Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama futhi udale umphumela wokubamba ukushisa, isitsha simbozwe ngengilazi noma ifilimu elisobala.
Ngaphambi kokumila kwembewu, gcina ukushisa okungama-22 - 25 ° C, ukuhambisa umoya omncane njalo nokuhlanzwa kwe-condensate. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, izithombo zizovela ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14.
Ishelter iyasuswa, kepha qhubeka nokugcina umswakama ophezulu.

Indlela yokuzalanisa i-Toaster

Ngale ndlela, kusetshenziswa amaqabunga, lapho kukhiqizwa khona umthambo ophakathi nendawo.
Izingxenye ziphathwa ngamalahle, zomiswe futhi zingcwatshwe enhlabathini ngamamitha ayi-5.
Ngenkathi zigcina umswakama ofanele, izingane ezincane zizokhula ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5, ezidluliselwa kumabhodwe lapho sezinezinyanga eziyi-3-4.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle ezikhulayo, i-streptocarpus imelana kahle nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Uma isitshalo sinezinkinga, siyaphendula ngokushesha ngokubonakala kwaso:

I-streptocarpus ishiya ibuna futhi isonteke kusuka ekushoneni komswakama noma ngokweqile kokukhanya kwelanga;
amaqabunga aphuzi streptocarpuskungavela nokushiswa yilanga;
iziphetho ezomile zamaqabunga e-streptocarpus kanye ne-blanching yazo avele ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama kanye nokudla okunamaminerali;
ayikhuli futhi ayidedeli amaqabunga amancane ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, ukuncipha kwenhlabathi noma usayizi webhodwe ongafanele;
bola izimpande ze-streptocarpus ukuthambisa ngokweqile, izinga lokushisa eliphansi nokusalungiswa.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zokukhunta kanye namagciwane kuvame ukubangelwa ukwephulwa kombuso wokushisa ngokunisela ngokweqile kanye nokuxhumana kwezitho zemvelo namanzi. Lapho kuqala izimpawu zesifo, kubalulekile ukufeza:

ukususwa kwezindawo ezonakele;
ukufafaza ngesikhunta noma isixazululo sensipho yokuwasha;
shintsha ezimweni zokuboshwa.

Izinambuzane

Ngomswakama onganele womoya kanye nokushisa okuphezulu, kwenziwa izimo ezinhle zokusatshalaliswa:

Ama-thrips, ama-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu. Zidla isithako sesitshalo, zilimaza amaqabunga lapho kuvela khona amabala esiliva, aphuzi, amhlophe noma avele obala. Isitshalo siyalahla amaqabunga. Ukukhula kwe-Streptocarpus kwehlisa ijubane noma kuyeka ngokuphelele. Ukulimala ama-buds akhubazekile ngaphandle kokuqhuma.
I-Mealybug ibhubhisa amahlumela amasha, ama-buds. Kungaholela ekumeni ngokuphelele ekwakhiweni kwesitshalo.
Isikali sitholakala ikakhulukazi engxenyeni engezansi yamaqabunga nakuma-petioles ngesimo sama warts ansundu, ambozwe ngentambo i-waxy. I-colony yalezi zinambuzane ingasibhubhisa ngokuphelele isitshalo.

Ukuze ubhubhise izinambuzane, izitshalo nomhlabathi kufafazwa ngamalungiselelo we-insecticidal (amahlandla ama-2-3). Ezimweni ezinzima, ukufakelwa esikhundleni somhlabathi kungadingeka. Kunzima ikakhulukazi ukucekela phansi izihlangu, ngoba ungqimba lwazo oluvikelayo luvimbela ukuxhumana namakhemikhali. Basuswa ngesandla ngendwangu emanzi, bese befafazwa nge-systemic herbicides.