I-Alstroemeria (i-alstroemeria) - izitshalo ze-herbaceous ze-rhizome nezeshubhu zomndeni wakwa-Alstremeriev. Indawo yokusabalalisa - iNingizimu Melika.
Incazelo ye-Alstroemeria
Ama-alstremerias angama-perennials anezimpande ezicijile, ezinamanzi. Isiqu siyashintshashintshwa, iqondile futhi mncane, ilayini, amaqabunga ehlukene ezinhlobo ezimbili: ezinkulu (ezikhulayo) phezulu nezincane, zisatshalaliswa kuso sonke isiqu, ukuzala.
Kukhona enye into ehlukile kuzo zonke i-Alstroemerians - resorption, esimeni sokukhula kwe-petioles isonteke ngo-180 °. Ama-umbrella inflorescence avela ku-5 cm wezimbali afana nomnduze, kwelinye kunezinhlaka ezingafika ku-30. Umbala wazo uhluka kakhulu, kepha cishe wonke umuntu unephethini elinsundu.
Ukungcola kwenzeka ngezinambuzane nangomoya. Kwakhiwa ibhokisi lezithelo, okuthi, lapho livulwa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, kuthulule imbewu eduze kwesitshalo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-alstroemeria
Izinhlobo eziguqulwa kakhulu yilezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:
| Buka | Incazelo | Izimbali Izimbali |
| Ubuhle | Ukuphakama kwesiqu 1 m 70 cm. | Lilac. Entwasahlobo, ngokunakekelwa okuhle, okwesibili kungenzeka. |
| UGolide | 1 m 50 cm. Ukumelana neqhwa (kufika ku -12 ° C). | Umbala wemibala ephuzi ehlukahlukene. NgoJuni - Agasti. |
| Orenji | 90 cm. Amaqabunga ane-grey ezansi. Izinhlobonhlobo: I-Lutea (umbala ophuzi), i-Orange King (umbala we-orange, othanda ukushisa, idinga indawo yokuhlala ebusika), iDover Orange (i-red-orange). | Orenji wegolide. I-Midsummer - I-Midsummer. |
| Iminduze | 30-70 cm.Isiko elihle kakhulu lobumba lokukhulisa izimbotshana zezimbali, zokuhlobisa ama-balcony kanye nethala. | UViolet, onomphimbo we-motley ophuzi-okusajingijolo. Intwasahlobo yokuqala - isithando sokuqala. |
| I-Peruvian | 80-90 cm. Ubusika-Hardy (ubusika besikhathi esifushane bufika ku-20 ° C, kepha ebangeni eliphakathi le-rhizome kuyadingeka ukuphuma). | Okhonkolo pink ophuzi ngombala onsundu ophakathi nendawo. Ehlobo lonke. |
| WaseBrazil | Kude kufika kumamitha ayi-2. Izimbali eziningi. | Ubhedu obomvu. Intwasahlobo ihlobo. |
| I-Hybrid Regina | 1-1.5 m. Okujwayelekile kakhulu. Isiqu esiqondile esinamaqabunga aluhlaza e-lanceolate. | Ipinki enemigqa nsundu. Ukuphela kukaJuni - maphakathi no-Septhemba. |
| EVirginia | 70 cm. amahlumela amakhulu aqinile. | Imivimbo emikhulu emhlophe, ebomvu ngokubomvu ngaphakathi. NgoJuni - Novemba (noma isithwathwa sokuqala). |
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-alstroemeria
I-Alstroemeria ikhula kahle ezindlini, ngokuya ngemithetho ethile:
- I-rhizome yentyatyambo yinde (eyenziwe ngesigaxa), ngakho-ke bathatha isitsha esijulile, okungenani amasentimitha angama-30, sinomgodi wokudonsa amanzi.
- Indawo inelanga, kepha ivikelwe emisebeni eqondile.
- Ebusika - kude nokushisa.
- Ukunisela - ejwayelekile ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3, ehlobo - kaningi, kodwa ngokulinganisela. Faka isicelo sokugcina amanzi.
- Ukufafaza nsuku zonke.
- Inhlabathi: inqabunga, i-peat, i-humus, i-pine bark (2: 1: 1: 1).
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu - ngomanyolo we-phosphorus-potassium (ubuncane), lapho kungekho khona izimbali, kepha ngamahlamvu amaningi - shintsha umanyolo noma umise ukondla.
- Ukufakelwa kwonyaka entwasahlobo.
Ukutshala nokunakekela i-alstroemeria emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngokukhula engadini usebenzisa izinhlobo ezinde (Ubuhle, iGolide, iPeruvia, i-Orange King).
Ukuzala kabusha nokutshala i-alstroemeria
Kuvunwa ngembewu nokuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngo-Ephreli, izimbali zenzeka kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu. Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, izigaxa zabantu abadala noma izitho ziyatshalwa, zihlukaniswe ihlathi likamama ngommese obukhali:
- Khetha indawo enomthunzi welanga noma oyingxenye, ovikelwe, ofudumele.
- Sabalalisa inani elikhulu lomquba bese ulivalela emhlabathini. Inhlabathi esindayo iyathuthuka ngesihlabathi.
- Bumba izimbobo 15 cm cm ngokusebenzisa 30-50 cm.
- Emgodini ngamunye batshala indawo eyodwa, baqonde izimpande.
- Balala, banamanzi no-mulch (Peat, amaqabunga omile).
Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe
Ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo okulandelayo kungokulandelayo:
- Ama-alstroemeria aphezulu asekelwa yi-mesh yama-transverse ahlanganayo.
- Kunisela njalo ngamanzi athambile.
- Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ziphekelwa ngomanyolo we-ketshezi wokuqhakaza ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium.
- Ngemuva kwalokho masonto onke ngezingubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinobuncane bezakhi ze-nitrogen.
- Ngo ekwindla - usike iziqu, ungashiyi ngaphezu kuka-10 cm, umboze ngamagxolo, amahlamvu owomile, ifilimu, amagatsha esihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi.
- Ngesikhathi sobusika obubandayo, izigaxa ze-rhizome ziyimbiwa ngo-Okthoba bese zomiswa. Ama-tubers agcinwa endaweni yokushisa ephansi, hhayi ngaphezu kwe-+8 ° C, kepha hhayi ngaphansi kuka-0 ° C emabhokisini anomhlaba.
Izitshalo zabantu abadala ebusika enhlabathini zinikeza amahlumela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi ngenxa yalokho zingafa isithwathwa, kepha zizokhula futhi lapho ukushisa kungena ngaphakathi.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-alstroemeria
Lesi sitshalo simelana nezifo futhi akuvamile ukuba sihlaselwe yizinambuzane. Kepha ngezinkinga zokunakekelwa kabi.
| Izimpawu | Izizathu | Izinyathelo zokulungisa | |
| I-Grey plaque. | Ukubola okumpunga ngenxa yokunisela ngokweqile. | Susa izingxenye ezithintekile. Bacubungula izitshalo nenhlabathi ngama fungicides (Fundazol, Maxim). Kugula kakhulu. | |
| Iwebhu, izinambuzane. | Izikhala zesicabucabu. | Kutshalwe nge-Actellik, Aktara, Akarina, bazosiza ekulweni nanoma yiziphi izinambuzane eziyingozi. | |
| Amagobongo emaqabungeni. | Ukuvela kwe-tint ebomvu. | Amakhokho. | |
| Ukunamathela okunamathelayo. | Slug. | Imboza ngamagxolo amakhulu bese ufaka emgodini onamatshe ayigugu. | |
Ukunwebisa impilo yesimbali se-alstroemeria
Izimbali ze-Alstroemeria ngemuva kokusika zilondoloze ukuheha kwazo okungenani amaviki amabili, kepha ngenxa yalokhu kuyadingeka ukunakekela kahle futhi kuqukethe isixha sealstroemeria.
Izimbali ziyagawulwa, lapho amahlumela eseqala ukuvula, amaqabunga asuswa kakhulu. Ihlala emazingeni okushisa we- + 5 ... +7 ° C, ngokwesibonelo, eduze kwomoya wokupholisa umoya. Amanzi athathelwa indawo nsuku zonke ahlanzekile, axazululiwe (engeza i-citric acid, uviniga noma i-ammonia), i-vase iyabulala amagciwane. Ukuqhakaza izimbali kususwa njalo. Ungondla ngezithasiselo zezimbali (uBud, uVitant).
