Ipomoea imbali enkulu kunazo zonke yomndeni wakwaConvolvulus. Lo mndeni unezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1000. Igama lesitshalo lithatha izimpande zalo kumagama esiGrikhi, anjengesiwungu nomuntu odlulayo, ngenxa yobuntu bohlelo lwezimpande, olukhonjiswe ngesakhiwo.
E-China yasendulo, imbewu yenkazimulo yasekuseni yayisetshenziswa njenge-laxative. Indawo yokuhlala yesitshalo ayinqunyelwe, itholakala cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe izimbali zayo zibukeka kahle kangakanani, ungakhohlwa ukuthi zinoshevu.
Incazelo nezici zenkazimulo yasekuseni
Ingadi liana, kwezinye izimo, ikhula ngo-5 m ubude. Iziqu zinamacembe anamacembe enhliziyo. Amahlumela akhulu impela, abe nephunga elihlukile nelinobuthakathaka.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zenkazimulo yasekuseni
I-Ipomoea itholakala ngemibala ehlukene, ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kufaka phakathi ipinki nokubomvu. Izimbali ziqala ngoJuni.
Okuhlosiwe
Yizinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zalesi sitshalo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokukhula, ubude bungaba ngamamitha ayi-8. Izimbali zesitshalo zikhulu impela, zinokuphakama okungamasentimitha ayi-7, obomvu, bomvana, oblowu, onsomi.
Kukhona ukwahlukana kube yizimbali ezejwayelekile, bese ziphindwe kabili. Isitshalo esiqhakaza kakhulu, i-thermophilic kakhulu, sithanda ukukhanya kwelanga.
Ivy
Ngobude bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-3. Ifakwa ngesakhiwo seqabunga elinamabala amathathu, kunokufana kwamapuleti atholekile. Ama-buds aphakathi ngosayizi, cishe ama-5 cm ngaphakathi.
Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhanyayo uyanqoba. Esikhathini esiningi uyakwazi ukubona opinki. Izimbali - maphakathi nehlobo-Okthoba.
Mshana
Njengokubuka kwangaphambilini, 3 m ukuphakama. Qhakaza kusuka ngoJulayi, futhi ujabulele iso kuze kube inyanga yesibili yekwindla. Ama-buds ahlukaniswa ngokubukeka kwawo kokuhlobisa, anemibala ephakeme yokugqamile, kutholakala i-orange ekhanyayo.
Imvamisa, ukwakheka kwehlumela kwenziwa ngesimo senkanyezi, imiphetho inesakhiwo se-terry, amacembe esitshalo ayindilinga.
Kvamoklit
Ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu, kuqhathaniswa nezinye. Ihlukaniswa ngamahlamvu ahlukaniswe kahle, avulekile, izimbali zinesimo sezinkanyezi ezincane. Amagatsha alesi sitshalo afinyelela kalula ku-5 m ukuphakama.
Ngokubukeka siyisitshalo esihle, esihle. Amahlamvu aluhlaza satjani, ama-buds abomvu ngokugqamile.
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Okudumile, lolu hlobo lubizwa ngokuthi ekuseni okukhazimulayo. Ukuze ube nombala omuhle wezimbali zesitshalo, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ogqamile, eduze nendawo, kuguquka kube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Izimbali zenzeka maphakathi nehlobo, zihlala kuze kube yilapho kubanda kuqala ukubanda. Ama-buds ngokwawo makhulu, ububanzi bungaba cm 10. Isitshalo sikhula sibe ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-2. Ukubukeka kwe-thermophilic kakhulu.
I-sunflower
Uhlobo lwesitshalo esiqhakaza kuphela ebusuku, ekuntweleni kokusa, ukuhluma kusondele kuze kube isikhathi esilandelayo sobumnyama. Isitshalo sifinyelela kubude obufika kumamitha amathathu.
Le mbali inikezwe ngombala omuhle, omhlophe, ubukhulu obungafika ku-10 cm. Izimbali zenzeka maphakathi noJulayi, zihlala kuze kube ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Isici esiyingqayizivele iphunga lama-alimondi.
I-Tricolor
Uhlobo olunhlobonhlobo lwamabele, nokho, lusetshenziswa njengonyaka, ngenxa yesimo sezulu samazwe esivumelwano. Isiqu singakhula sifike kumamitha ayi-5.
I-buds mihle, i-10 cmjikelezo, ihlelwe ngamaqembu amaningana. I efihlekile ilula, ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ekugcineni zithole umbala onsomi.
Ukukhula kwenkazimulo yasekuseni kusuka ezinhlanyelweni
Njengoba le mbali inezimpande ezishisayo, ngoba ukutshala kwayo kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo efanelekile, kunconyelwa ukwenza lokhu ngezithombo.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Ukutshala imbewu kwenziwa kuphela ekupheleni kukaMashi, ngenxa yesimo sezulu emazweni aseCIS. Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu kumele ibekwe emanzini afudumele amahora angama-24 ukuze ikhule. Uma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungekho zinguquko ezenzekile, kuyadingeka ukubhoboza igobolondo lembewu, lihlise emanzini. Ngemuva kwalokhu, sekuvele kuhlwanyela. Kuyadingeka ukuhlwanyela inani eliphezulu le-3 ebhodweni elilodwa, uphonsa imbewu ekujuleni okungadluli ku-2 cm.
Inhlabathi kukhethwe homogeneous, okuxekethile. Ngemuva kokuduka, kuyadingeka ukunisela ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ngemuva kokunisela izimbiza, izinkomishi ezinembewu zimbozwe ngefilimu.
Ukunakekela izithombo
Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lapho izithombo zizokhula khona ngokujwayelekile ngu- + 18 ... +23 ° C.
Ukunisela okwanele, njalo kufanele kunikezwe; inhlabathi kumele igcinwe inomswakama.
Ukuvela kwamahlumela wokuqala kuzothatha isonto. Sidinga ukubhekana nodaba lokuhlela i-garter yezitshalo.
Ngaphambi kokufakelwa enhlabathini evulekile, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuthambisa njalo, ukuthimula okunenhlabathi kwenhlabathi ezungeze izitshalo. Uma kunamafu, kuba khona isimo sezulu esimnyama, izithombo zizodinga ukukhanyiswa ngama-phytolamp. Lapho nje amahlumela akha amaqabunga, cishe izingcezu ezi-5, kuyadingeka ukuphina phezulu kwesitshalo.
Lokhu kuzosiza ukwakheka kweziqu ezintsha. Ezinsukwini eziyi-7 ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini evulekile, udinga ukuqala ukujwayela izitshalo emoyeni wasemgwaqweni.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
Lesi sitshalo yi-thermophilic, okusho ukuthi ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ngesikhathi lapho isithwathwa sesidlulile, kusala imbandela engabalulekanga, engafakwanga. Isici esibalulekile ukushisa kwenhlabathi, akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka +10 ° C.
Ngokuya esifundeni, ukubekwa komhlaba kwenziwa kusukela ngoMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJuni.
Inzuzo yezindawo eziseningizimu ukuthi ungatshala imbewu ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, udlule izithombo. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo zezimbali ezinkulu zisanconywa ukuba zidlule kulesi sigaba sokuthuthuka.
Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala ekuseni emhlabathini
Inqubo uqobo lwayo izoba lula impela. Okuwukuphela kokuthandwa kwesitshalo kukhiqizwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Iphuzu elibalulekile ekufikeni kokukhetha indawo. Kufanele ikhanyiswe usuku lonke, futhi imbozwe kahle umoya. Njengoba kungaphula kalula amagatsha esitshalo. Kuyadingeka futhi nokugcina ibanga elifanele phakathi kwamahlumela, okungenani ama-20 cm.
Ukunakekela inkazimulo yasekuseni engadini
Ukunakekelwa akunzima, kuqukethe ekuniseleni isitshalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, kukhulula inhlabathi nxazonke, kususe ukhula. Futhi, ukugqoka phezulu, izihlahla, ukuvikela izinambuzane nezifo. Kodwa-ke, iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ukuxhaswa.
Ngokuya ngaphansi kwawo wonke ama-nuances, kepha ukuntuleka kwe-garter, lesi sitshalo simane nje asikhuli size silingane, singafa nokufa.
Ukunisela
Inkazimulo yasekuseni idinga i-hydration ejwayelekile, eyanele. Akubekezeleli isomiso, kepha asikho isidingo sokuya kude kakhulu ngokunisela.
Indlela ekahle kungaba ukugcina inhlabathi izungeze isitshalo imanzi njalo. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi umhlaba umanzi, futhi awuphenduki udaka.
Uma ukuchelela kunganakwa, isitshalo siyama kancane ukukhula, kepha ukuqhakaza kungaqala ekuqaleni. Kepha umthunzi wamahlumela uzoba ungagcwali, ukhanya.
Lapho izimbali ziqala ukuvela amahlumela, udinga ukunciphisa umswakama, uvumele inhlabathi ukuba yome phakathi kwamaseshini.
Ukuze unciphise inqubo yokunisela, inhlabathi ezungeze lesi sitshalo idinga ukugxunyekwa. Le ndlela izoyivumela ukuthi igcine umswakama isikhathi eside, ngalokho ukungenelela komuntu kuzodingeka kaningi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okuphezulu, ukuqhakaza, ukufakwa kukamanyolo kumele kwenezelwe emhlabathini. Okokuqala, umanyolo kumele usetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokukhula kokukhula.
Kuyadingeka ukwesaba ukugcwala okwandayo kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini, lokhu kuzovusa ukuncipha kokubukeka kwezimbali. Ngokwakheka kwama-buds, kunconywa ukuphakela i-phosphorus, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza okukhulu, kufakwa kumanyolo kumanyolo we-potassium. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukusebenzisa umanyolo ngohlobo lwamakhanu, uwafafaze ngaphansi kweziqu, kuze kufike okungenani 2 cm enhlabathini, bese kumanzi. Kodwa-ke, Umanyolo owuketshezi usebenza kangcono.
Ukuncipha
Izinhlobo zonyaka zinesici sokufa phezulu. Bayayibhubhisa. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, amabhele ashiywe engadini ngqo, emakhazeni, lapho kwakhiwe khona izithombo zokugcina izithombo ezikhethekile. Izihlahla kwenziwa ngoSepthemba, ingxenye yesiqu, singenile, amaqabunga aqhekekile ayasuswa. Ngemuva kwalokho inkazimulo yasekuseni idluliselwa ebhodweni, ithuthelwe eluhlaza okotshani. Uma lesi sitshalo sihlala esivandeni ngesikhathi sesithwathwa, simbozwa ngamagatsha ayi-spruce, lokhu kuzovikela izimpande zesitshalo emakhazeni.
Ukusakazwa kwenkazimulo yasekuseni ngemisiko
Yize ukwahluka kwembewu kuphumelela kakhulu, ezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zenkazimulo yasekuseni zidinga ukusakazwa kusetshenziswa ukusikwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukusika iziqu zayo, uzisike. Isici esibalulekile kulesi sifundo wukuba khona kwama-2ode, ubude kumele okungenani bube ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Isilayidi senziwa singama-cm, ngaphansi kukafindo .. Uma kukhona amapuleti amaqabunga esibayeni, ayanqunywa, bese efakwa emanzini. Kulesi simo, kufanele bahlale okungenani izinsuku ezine. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimpande zizovela. Lapho sezikhuhluziwe, izithombo zingatshalwa emhlabathini. Kumhlaba ovulekile, kuthatha okungenani isonto ukuthola izimpande ngokugcwele. Ukuzala kabusha ngale ndlela kwenziwa ngo-Ephreli-ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Izifo nezinambuzane zodumo lwakusasa
Njengazo zonke iziloqa, inkazimulo yasekuseni iba sengozini yokuthola izifo eziningi, naphezu kokungazethezeki okuphezulu. Izifo ezivame kakhulu izifo zokukhunta. Lokhu kufaka i-anthracnose, zonke izinhlobo zokubola - isiqu, esimnyama, esimhlophe, nezimpande. Kukhona kungenzeka kwamagciwane, inani lawo elikhulu, izingcezu ezihlukene ezingaphezu kwe-20. Phezu kwakho konke lokhu, kunengozi yesifo esihambisana ne-physiology, ibizwa nge-edema emhlophe.
Ukwehlulwa kwezifo zokukhunta kugeleza emhlabathini, lokhu kungumphumela wokunisela ngokweqile kwesitshalo, ama-stagnates amanzi emhlabathini.
Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokusika izindawo ezithintekile, emva kwalokho izinsalela ezinempilo zifafazwe ngesisombululo se-fungicidal. Kepha akubona bonke abantu abanethuba lokwelapha. Ukubola okuningi kuyabulala esithelweni. Amagciwane nawo ayinkinga enkulu yomtshali, ngoba azikho izidakamizwa eziyi-100% noma ezinye izindlela zokulwa nazo.
Uma kwenzeka kulimala noma ngenxa yokulimazeka kwegciwane, izitshalo ezinesifo zimane zimbiwa ngaphandle kwenhlabathi, bese zishiswa. Omakhelwane, imivini enempilo kufanele ifafazwe ngesisombululo esikhethekile.
Ngokugula okuphathelene nokuphila, kulula okulula, ubungozi bokulimala buvela kuphela ezitshalweni ezikhulile hhayi emoyeni ovulekile, okungukuthi, endaweni ebamba ukushisa. I-provocateurs yalokhu kugula ingukushisa komoya okuphansi, umswakama ophezulu, ukuthambisa ngokweqile. Lesi sifo sikhonjiswa ngokuvela kumapheshana ama-cones, amabhulukwe, aphuzi, kuvame ukuhlaza uluhlaza. Lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka, amabhulukwe athola umbala onsundu. Lapho lesi sifo sifinyelela esigabeni sokugcina sokukhula, amaqabunga aqala ukuphephuka, bese ewa. Alikho ikhambi lalesi sifo, ngoba livela ngokwephula imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo, ukunganaki imiyalo.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyazisa: kungani inkazimulo yasekuseni ingakhiqizi?
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuqina kokukhula, konke kudalwa yizici ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, uma konke kuhamba kahle, kuncike kuwo wonke ama-nuances, izimbali kufanele ziqale ngoJulayi. Uma izimbali zenziwa ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi, noma okuphambene nalokho ngaphambili, lokhu kuvamile. Ukuphambuka ngesikhathi kungukujwayelekile, kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10-15.
Uma i-creeper ihlolwa njalo ngezifo, amagciwane nezinambuzane, futhi isikhathi sezimbali siqala ukubambezeleka isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yenyanga, udinga ukuqala ukufuna imbangela yenkinga.
- Imbangela yokuqala yokuqina kungenzeka kube ngumanyolo weNitrogen. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa inani elinjalo lokugqoka okuphezulu ukuthi inhlabathi inokuqukethwe okuphelele kwalokhu, uma kungaphezulu noma kungaphansi kokujwayelekile, lokhu kungaholela kalula ekugxambeni.
- Isizathu sesibili yindaba yokunisela. Nasi isimo siyefana. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kulondolozwe umswakama ofanele womhlabathi, uma kwenzeka kushoda amanzi, lesi sitshalo sizoqala ukubuna, ngenxa yalokho lokhu kungaholela ekufeni. Ukusuka kokuswakama okweqile, isifo sefungal singakheka, okungaholela ekunqunyelweni kwesitshalo iningi, futhi labo abatshalwe eduzane nabo bangatheleleka.
- Isizathu sesithathu ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nemithetho yokutshala ubukhosi ekuseni ekuseni. Uma lesi sitshalo sitshalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi esidingekayo, inqubo yokuqhakaza nezimbali ingabambezeleka kakhulu, futhi ngokuqala kwesithwathwa ingahle ingapheli nakancane. Okuzoholela ekuchitheni isikhathi, ngoba lesi sitshalo kungenzeka sife ngaphandle kokuqhakaza.
Zonke lezi zizathu azibaluleki, kuzibonakaliso zokuqala zokuqina kokukhula, kumele unqume ngokushesha ukuthi ulele kuphi. Ngemuva kwalokho, isimo silungiswa kalula. Uma kwenzeka kune-nitrogen eyeqisayo noma yokuntuleka, zonke izinhlobo zezinkomba ezithengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile zezimbali zizosiza. Isimo ngokweqile, ukuntuleka komswakama kumane kulungiswa kalula. Ngokuya esigabeni sokukhula, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke umswakama wenhlabathi, ushiye ungqimba lwawo oluphezulu luhlala lumanzi.
Uma kwenzeka ukutshala sekwephuzile emhlabathini, ukungenzi lutho akudingekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sebenzisa noma yikuphi ukugqoka okuphezulu, okuthiwa kuyashesha ukukhula. Lokhu kuzongeza enye inkinga. Udinga nje ukunikela isikhathi esithe xaxa i-Ipomoea, uma ungenaso isikhathi sokuqhakaza ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, ukufakelwa ebhodweni elihlukile, ubeke endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuqedela ukukhula ngezimo ezikahle ngayo, noma ngabe sekuphakathi ekwindla emgwaqweni.
