Namuhla sizokutshela izimfihlo zokutshala futhi sikhule "umuthi wama dollar".
Uzofunda izinto eziyisisekelo zokunakekelwa nokuzalana, kanye namaqiniso ambalwa athakazelisayo mayelana nesitshalo.
Uyazi? Ngo-1908, umqondisi weBerlinical Garden, u-Adolph Engler, wanikeza igama lesimanje esitshalweni esasithola ngenxa yokufana kwamaqabunga anamaqabunga amaqhwa.
Izincomo zokunakekelwa kwesihlahla sama dollar
Ukuze uqalise, funda ulwazi jikelele mayelana nomuthi weDola.
Zamioculcas - isitshalo esingumndeni wama-Aroid futhi sivela e-Afrika elishisayo.
Isihlahla sama dollar sinamaqabunga ama-rhizome afana namagqabhagqabha.
Njengoba sesifunde kancane ngoZamiokulkas, singaqhubeka nezincomo zokunakekelwa kwesitshalo.
Izidingo zokwakheka komhlaba
Ukuze uthole ukuthi uhlobo luni lomhlabathi oludingekayo lwe-zamiokulkas, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi iyiphi inhlabathi ehlala ezweni lakubo, e-Afrika elishisayo.
Imbali idinga inhlabathi evulekile, "ezophefumula kahle" futhi idlule umswakama. Ungathenga inhlabathi esitolo sembali bese wengeza isihlabathi somfula. Noma kungenjalo ukwenza i-substrate ye-zamiokulkas ngokuxuba ngobuningi bomhlabathi we-turf, umhlabathi weqabunga (olutholakala ngenxa yokubola kwamaqabunga awile), i-peat kanye nesihlabathi somfula.
Ungenza okunye "ukuxuba" kwe-chernozem, i-peat nesihlabathi ngokulinganisela okulinganako. Uma uxuba inhlabathi udinga ukungeza kuyo i-sphagnum ekhethiwe, ekhulula inhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Isihlahla sama dollar sithanda inhlabathi nge-acidity engathathi hlangothi (pH kuya ku-6).
Ukushisa kokuqukethwe nokukhanyisa
UZamioculkas engathobekile ezimweni zokuboshwa. Kungabeka kokubili eningizimu nasefasiteleni elisenyakatho. Isihlahla sama dollar asesabi ama-drafts, ngenkathi efudumele ithokoza emkheneni ovulekile noma ensimini.
Nokho, lapho ukhetha indawo yembali, qaphela ukukhanya. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kuthinta ukugcwala kombala wamaqabunga, ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga amasha abe buthakathaka futhi awafanele ukukhiqiza.
Isihlahla sama dollar sibekezelela ngokushelela ukushisa okuphansi kakhulu futhi okuphakeme kakhulu. Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu ku-18-20˚С. Ebusika, uzizwa kahle ekushiseni kwe-16-18˚С.
Ngakho-ke, isitshalo se-Afrika singagcinwa endlini ngaphandle kokudala isimo sezulu esishisayo. Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukwandisa usuku olukhanyayo ngokufaka isibani esengeziwe.
Ukunisela njalo nomswakama
Ukuphuza i-zamiokulka akudingeki njalo. Inhlabathi akufanele ihlale imanzi, futhi ngisho nakakhulu ebusika. Engeza amanzi ebhodweni lapho inhlabathi ebusweni iba eyomile. Ebusika, ukuchelela kwenziwa uma i-substrate ebhodweni ifana ne-clod yomhlaba owomile.
Siphenduka ukuvuselela umoya. Umuthi weDolari uzizwa unomoya omswakama obuncane. Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa ukusula amaqabunga esitshalo okungenani kanye ngenyanga ngendwangu ebomvu ukuze uthuli nothuli lungabutheleli kuwo.
Kubalulekile! Umswakama okweqile kule flowerpot kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi i-zamiokulkas yellow. Ngakho-ke, ungenzi ukuchelela ngokweqile, kungenjalo isitshalo sizoqala ukuphumula futhi sibune!
Umanyolo kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu
Uma lesi sitshalo sivimbela ukukhula nentuthuko, kudingeka ucabange ukuthi ungadla kanjani umuthi wama dollar.
Ukutshala isitshalo phakathi nenkathi yokukhula kufanele kube kanye ngesonto, ukushintshanisa umquba ophilayo kanye nomanyolo wamaminerali. Ukuhlunga kwama-fertilizer kufanele kube ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezimbili, ngakho ukugqoka okuqediwe kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi 1: 1.
Kanye ngenyanga, umuthi we-dollar kufanele ufakwe nge-urea noma umanyolo obunzima. Kulokhu, faka umzimba wesitshalo, hhayi uhlaka oluphezulu lwenhlabathi. Ukondla isitshalo ngokwemiyalo, uyagcina umbala wamaqabunga, uvimbele izifo futhi uphuthukise ukukhula kweZamiokulkas.
Izici zokufakelwa kwegazi zamiokulkasa
Ngaphandle kokufaka umanyolo nokuphuza, i-Zamiokulkas kufanele isetshenziswe njalo ebhodweni elisha ukuze isitshalo sifane nesifo futhi sibe nokubonakala okunempilo. Ngabe udinga nini ukutshala umuthi wama dollar ukuze ungalimazi isitshalo?
Ukufakelwa kweZamiokulkasa kwenziwa ngo-Ephreli noma ngoMeyi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukutshala isitshalo kanye nenhlabathi ebhodweni elidala. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuyeka ngokushesha izimbiza ezincane kune "endala" endala noma ngokufana nosayizi nalo.
Kubalulekile! Ekhaya, ukufakelwa kabusha umuthi omncane we-dollar kwenziwa isikhathi 1 ngonyaka.
Lesi sitshalo sitshaliswa embizeni enkulu (3-4 cm emikhulu kunaleyo endala ububanzi), kuyilapho iziqongo zezilimo eziyizigaxa zezimpande zingagubuli phansi ukuze uhlelo lwempande lungabi manzi kakhulu. Ezinsukwini ezimbili emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, isitshalo kufanele siphuze kakhulu.
Kungcono ukutshala isitshalo ebhodweni lepulasitiki ngesisekelo esincane. Kodwa-ke, akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokufakelwa okulandelayo akudingeki ukuba uhlukanise.
Kubalulekile! I-deformation yebhodlela epulasitiki ibonisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sidinga ukufakelwa ngokushesha.
Njengoba ubona, kulula kakhulu ukufakelwa i-zamiokulkas ekhaya.
Ukukhiqizwa ekhaya
Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi banganda kanjani uZamiokulkas ekhaya. Kulesi sigaba, sizophendula lo mbuzo nemininingwane ngokuningiliziwe ngenqubo yokuzalisa isihlahla sama dollar.
Uhlu lwezilimo eziyizigaxa
Kulula ukusakaza iZamiokulkas ngezilimo eziyizigaxa, njengoba i-tuber ngokwayo ihlukanisa ngesikhathi sokukhula. Kufanele nje uhlukanise ingxenye ye-tuber ngesikhathi sokuhlelwa okuhleliwe kwesitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Kungenzeka ukwahlukanisa izilimo eziyizigaxa kuphela uma kukhona okungenani iphuzu elilodwa lokukhula engxenyeni ezohlukaniswa. Uma kungenjalo, umane umonakalise uhlelo lwempande yesitshalo.
Beka ukuhlukaniswa kufanele kufefazwe ngemivuthu yesikhumba bese ushiye ukuba usomile. Ngemuva kwalokho, tshala isitshalo ebhodweni ene-primer enomsoco, ngaphambi kokumboza phansi ebhodweni ngamanzi.
Le ndlela yokuhlukanisa ayiyona engcono kakhulu, ngoba kunengozi yokufa kwesitshalo somama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-tuber ehlukanisiwe ngeke ihlale phansi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izitshalo ezincane azifakelwa ngale ndlela ngenxa yokungabi nalutho lwezinhlayiya ezanele.
Njengoba ubona, kulula kakhulu ukuxubha umuthi wama dollar ngezilimo eziyizigaxa; lolu hlobo lokuzalanisa luyatholakala ngisho nakabathengisi abangenalwazi.
Cuttings
Ukusabalalisa nge-cuttings kunezinzuzo zayo, ngoba, okokuqala, ukusika kuneziqu eziningi ezenza kube lula ukutshala kabusha kwesitshalo esisha, futhi okwesibili, ukusika kungasakazeka ngisho nalapho isitshalo sinamahlamvu angu-2-3 kuphela, angasetshenziswa ukusika.
Njengomthetho, thatha ihlumela esivela kumuthi wama dollar kulula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, awudingi amathuluzi akhethekile, kubalulekile kuphela ukulandela imiyalelo.
Ukuze ukhiqize, khetha ishidi elinamandla lobukhulu obukhulu (uma ukhetha omncane kakhulu, khona-ke kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukugxila). Inqubo ekhethiwe ihlukaniswe nommese esitshalweni somama futhi ifakwe emanzini (sinezela futhi amalahle asetshenziselwe ukucwiliswa kwe-disinfection).
Kubalulekile! Ukuze uhlanganiswe ukhethe ingxenye ye-stem, okungenani kukhona izinso ezingu-1.Amanzi epanini aguqulwa njalo futhi ahlolwe ukuze ukusika kungabhubhi. Lapho nje izimpande zivela - isitshalo esincane sishintshwa emhlabathini.
Kukhona okunye okuhlukile kokuhlanganiswa, lapho isitshalo sifakwa khona emhlabathini. Ngemuva kokusika ihlumela, indawo yokuhlukanisa iphathwa ngelahle elichotshoziwe futhi ishiye usuku ngaphandle kokufakwa emanzini noma substrate. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze ukusika kuvale imigudu yokuqhuba ijusi ekunqunyeni bese kwakha ungqimba lwesikhala.
Ngemuva kosuku, isiqu sifakwa enhlabathini enomswakama, elula, enomsoco ngokufaka izici ze-peat nokulandelela. Ukwenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa ukufakwa phansi, ungafaka i-caphouse-cap ngaphezu kwalo (lokhu ungathatha ingilazi evamile engilazi), okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi okudingeka uyisuse ukuze uhanjiswe.
Lapho nje iqabunga lokuqala elinombala obomvu livela esihlahleni, kunqunywa ukusika. Ukuphuza isitshalo esincane kuyadingeka ukuze amanzi angangeni ezinso (kungcono ukuthululela amanzi nxazonke embhodini).
Uyazi? Ngaphezu kwe-spathiphyllum, i-zamiokulkas nayo ibizwa ngokuthi "injabulo yowesifazane". Abaningi bathi isitshalo sezimbali sikwenza izimangaliso futhi senza umnikazi wayo ajabule othandweni.
Ukukhiqizwa kweLeaf
Uhlobo olulula lokuzalanisa, olungadingi isikhathi esiningi nezinye izinsiza. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqabunga, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi iqabunga lonke igatsha elikhula lisuka emhlabathini. I-trunk ye-zamiokulkas isemhlabathini futhi i-tuber enezimpande. Ngakho, ukukhiqiza usebenzisa amahlamvu amancane, okuyingxenye yeqabunga elikhulu.
Ngaphambi kokwandisa isitshalo sakho, lungise ummese obukhali nesitsha samanzi. Qaphela ngokucophelela leli qabunga emthini we-dollar bese ulinciphisa emanzini ukuze 2/3 weqabunga lingene emanzini. Uma usika ipheshana elidingayo ukuze ubambe ingxenye encane yesitshalo.
Kusukela nje lapho ubeka leli qabunga emanzini, kuze kufike izimpande, kungathatha cishe izinyanga ezingu-3-6, ngakho ungoni ngeshidi elibi noma imilayezo engalungile.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze i-disinfection 1-2 amaphilisi e-carbon esebenziwe afakwa emanzini.
Futhi uthathe ishidi kungatshalwa ku-peat. Kulokhu, ngemuva kokusika ishidi, kumele kushiyiwe ukuze lome usuku olulodwa, bese kuphela "unamathele" kwi-peat. Iqabunga libeka ku-1/3 ubude namanzi ngamanzi alanele (ungabeki umhlabathi ngaphezulu, kungenjalo iqabunga lizobola).Okulandelayo, izitsha ngeshidi ukumboza ngilazi / ingakwazi / i-polyethylene. Ishidi ngezikhathi ezithile kudingeka liphuze futhi lisetshenziswe. Isikhathi sokuhluma kwezimpande kufana nokucwiliswa emthonjeni wamanzi.
Kubalulekile! Uma utshala iqabunga e-substrate, ngeke ukwazi ukubona ukubola kweqabunga, ngakho-ke sineluleka ukuthi usebenzise amanzi ukulawula inqubo yokuhluma.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka ezinkulweni, izifo nezinambuzane ze-zamiokulkas
Umuthi wemali uthinteka yizinambuzane ngokuvamile ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungalungile. "Izivakashi" ezivame kakhulu zalesi sitshalo yi-spider mite kanye ne-scythe.
Ake siqale nge isicabucabuokuyi-parasitic esitshalweni.
Isilwane esincane se-arachnid esondla isitshalo sesitshalo. Umklamo uncane kakhulu futhi kunzima ukubona. I-parasite ibangela umonakalo omkhulu esihlahleni, ngakho-ke kudingeka ulwa nayo ngokuphuthumayo.
Ukubhubhisa inkathazo, ungasondeza isisombululo (okudingeka sisule wonke umzimba wesitshalo), noma usebenzise amathuluzi akhethekile ukulwa nama-parasite - acaricides. Kanti futhi isikhumba sesicabucabu sesaba utshwala. Moisten swab ukotini nge solution 96% bese usula sonke plant.
Kubalulekile! Abantu abadala kuphela abesaba utshwala, amaqanda amakhiza azohlala ephila.
Isidumbu sesibili somuthi wama dollar - isihlangu.
I-Shchitovka ingokomndeni wezinambuzane ze-hemiptera. Ihlalisa izitshalo eziningi, ngakho-ke iZamiokulkas ayiyona into. Ukuze uthole ukulwa, ungasebenzisa isisombululo esifanayo sosipho kusuka ensikeni yokuhlanza, esetshenziswa kuwo wonke umzimba wesitshalo.
Ngemuva kokucubungula nge-sese, faka isikhwama seplastiki. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa izikhathi eziningana kuze kube yilapho ama-parasite eshiya isitshalo. Asincoma ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ukulwa nesihlangu, njengoba beyingozi kakhulu, futhi bayifake endaweni yokuhlala evunyelwe.
Kubalulekile! Umswakama owandayo yimbangela yokuqala ye-parasite kwi-zamiokulkas.
Ngaphandle kwama-parasites, i-zamiokulkas ingaba nezifo. Ngakho-ke, sizokutshela ukuthi ungayibona kanjani "isifo" futhi uyiphulukise.
1. Amabala amnyama emaqabunga. Kunezizathu eziningana: umswakama ngokweqile, ukulungiswa noma ukushisa okuphansi kakhulu. Ncishisa inani lokunisela futhi uhambise imbiza yamanzi kwenye indawo. Ngemva kwesikhashana, i-zamiokulkas izobuyela evamile.
2. Isiqu se-Rotting. Lesi sitshalo siqala ukubola uma siphuziswa ngokweqile ekushiseni okuphansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona iphunga elifakiwe le-putrid. Ngaphandle kwesiqu, izimpande nazo ziqala ukubola, ngakho-ke isimo kufanele silungiswe ngokushesha ukuze isitshalo singapheli.
Ukuze ulondoloze umuthi we-dollar, ugujwa futhi unqunywe izingxenye ezibolile. Izintambo ziphathwa nge-activated carbon chips. Ngemuva kokuthi "ukuvuselelwa", isidumbu sesitshalo kumele siphathwe nge-fungicide bese sitshala singena embizeni enomhlabathi omusha.
Kubalulekile! Uma inqubo ingenakuguqulwa, i-tuber ilahlwa, ishiya wonke amaqabunga aphilile okuzala. Ngakho-ke, ungabuyisela isitshalo.3. Isitshalo saqala ukuma. I-Zamioculcas idla futhi iveza amaqabunga ngezizathu ezimbili: ukuguga noma ukulimala komshini. Ngakho ungakhathazeki, nje ukuhlanza ngokucophelela amaqabunga neziqu, ukuze isitshalo singalimali.
4. I-Yellowing yamaqabunga. Siyikhumbula le nkinga ngenhla, lapho sixoxisana nombuso wokunisela. Amaqabunga aphuzi avela esitshalweni uma kunomsoco wokuthutha. Futhi, uma ukubola kuvela ezimpandeni, amaqabunga azoqala ukuphuzi. Ukuze uphulukise isitshalo, udinga nje ukuthi umise umhlabathi noma, uma kusesimweni esinqatshelwe, ukuwufaka endaweni encane eyomile.
5. Uhlala e-stem. Uma amabala awunamanzi / athambile kumathinta, khona-ke lokhu kuyisici sesitshalo. Futhi amabala amnyama ashiywe ngemuva kwezingxabano. Amabala aphuzi aphuzi emaqabunga avela emva kokushisa kwelanga. Kulokhu, vele ushintshe indawo, futhi isitshalo ngokwaso siyobuyiselwa.
Ukudubula iZamiokulkas
With izinambuzane nezifo eziyinhloko esihlahleni seDola, sazicabangela, manje siqala ukusika izihlahla zamiokulkasa.
Ukutshala izihlahla ezenziwe entwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusheshayo, izinso ezingaphezulu, ezithola izakhi eziningi, zisuswa kahle. Amahlumela athwalwa ukuze ekugcineni umqhele wawufana nokuma kwebhola. Ngemuva kokudubula, umuthi wama dollar wenza ngokushesha amaqabunga aphansi, abuye abe amahlumela amancane.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukucwenga ebusika, njengoba isitshalo salesi sikhathi singena e-hibernation futhi siyeka ukukhula.Manje uyazi ukuthi ukugcina umuthi wama dollar ekhaya akulula njengoba kungase kubonakale. Ungakhohlwa ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo, futhi kuyohlale kukujabulisa.
