Abalimi be-Avid nabavinini bewayini bahlale befuna izinhlobonhlobo ezintsha zamagilebhisi ngezinsimu zabo zezivini nezivini.
Ngenxa yezimo ezihlukahlukene zezulu, akuzona zonke izilwane zalesi sitshalo eziqhamuka, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi amahlathi awunqamuki nesithwathwa sezulu laseYurophu elinyukayo.
Kodwa izinhlobonhlobo ezinjengalezi "Blagovest" zifanele noma yisiphi isimo sezulu nomhlabathi futhi ziyojabula ngezithelo zayo ezihlwabusayo.
Cabanga ngalokhu ezihlukahlukene zamagilebhisi.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi "Blagovest"
I-Blagovest yamagilebhisi ahlukahlukene ngenxa yomsebenzi womfuyi uKrainov VN, owawela izinhlobo zeTalisman neKishmish Radiant.
"Blagovest" ezihlukahlukene zakudalangoba livuthwa ezinsukwini ezingu-110 - 125 phakathi nango-Agasti.
Izihlahla zikhula kahle, amahlumela amaningi athela izithelo. Izimbali zobungqingili.
Amaqoqo amancane ngokwanele, isisindo singafinyelela ku-1 kg, isilinda noma i-conical, inani lilinganiselwe.
Izithelo zinkulu, isisindo somuntu sifinyelela ku-10 g, i-oval shape, ukukhanya okuphuzi kumbala. Inyama iyamanzi, inomsoco okhanyayo, unomzimba, unomnandi, uncibilika emlonyeni.
"Blagovest" kungaba ukumelana nohla lokushisa lwe -23 C. Kungase kubonakaliswe isikhutha kanye ne-oidium, futhi iphinde ihlaselwe yi-wasps.
Ukuvunwa okuphezulu, isisindo samajikijolo esikoleni esisodwa singadlula u-6 kg. Amaqoqo asusiwe esikoleni angagcinwa isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezipholile, ezithuthekayo.
Izintandokazi:
- izithelo ezinhle ukunambitheka
- ukuvuthwa kokuqala
- isivuno esikhulu
- high frost ukumelana
- isikhathi eside sokuphila
- kahle igcina ukuhamba
Ukungalungi:
- abathintekayo yi-wasps, isikhutha kanye ne-oidium
Mayelana nezici zokutshala izinhlobo
Izithombo ezitshaliwe "Blagovest" zingaba kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ngoba ukushintsha okuncane kokushisa akesabi.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe izithombo ezinama-lignified, uhlelo lwempande olusungulwe kahle futhi lukhula ngokwanele.
Ngaphambi kokufika udinga kancane unciphisa izimpande (kuze kufike ubude buka-10 kuya ku-15 cm), kanye nokunciphisa ukuphunyuka, ushiye ama-peepholes amabili noma amathathu.
Uma ngabe uphahlaza amahlumela amabili noma ngaphezulu, khona-ke udinga ukushiya onamandla kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izimpande zinyene zibe ngodaka lobumba. Okulandelayo, udinga ukumba izimbobo zesihlahla ngasinye. Kodwa, uma unquma ukutshala izitshalo zeBlagovest entwasahlobo, kungcono ukumba izimbobo ekwindla bese ufaka umhlabathi kuwo.
Umgodi u-80x80x80 cm ugujwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye esizayo. Ingxube yetshezi (eyatholakala ngokumba imigodi), i-humus, umlotha okhuni kanye ne-superphosphate (cishe 300 g) ithululelwa phansi emthonjeni ngamunye.
Emgodini owodwa kunamabhakede amabili no-3 omlotha nama-humus. Ubuningi balolu ungqimba kufanele bube ngu-40 cm.
Ukube kwakungenakwenzeka ukulungisa izimbiza kusengaphambili, khona-ke lolu cingo oluvundile kufanele luhlanganiswe kahle kakhulu. Uma kungenjalo, izimpande zimane azifinyeleli kuye.
Okulandelayo, isithombo sifakwa emgodini, ogcwaliswa kuqala ngomxube ovundile (cishe u-5-10 cm ubukhulu), bese kuthi ngomhlabathi ovamile kusukela phansi komgodi.
Asikho isidingo sokugcwalisa ngokuphelele umgodi. Kungcono ukushiya uhlobo oluthile lomgodi ezungeze izithombo.
Ukuphakama komgodi onjalo kufanele okungenani kube ngu-10 cm, kanti ububanzi kufanele bube ngu-30 cm. Emva kokutshala sekuphelile, isithombo kumele siphuze futhi sihlanganiswe. Ngokuqondene nebanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla ezizayo, kufanele kube okungenani amamitha amabili ukuze amagilebhisi angahlali.
Okunye okuthakazelisayo ukufunda ngezinhlobo zemagilebhisi ngezilimi
Amathiphu okunakekela "Blagovest"
- Ukunisela
Izihlahla ezincane zonyaka zidinga ukuphuza njaloikakhulukazi esimweni esomile.
Ukuphuza kokuqala kwenziwa emva kokutshala, zonke ezilandelayo kufanele zenziwe emavikini amabili.
Isikhathi sokugcina sokunisela senziwa kusukela ngo-5 kuya ku-10 ku-Agasti.
Ukuze inhlabathi ifakwe kahle ngomswakama, udinga ukumboza izimbobo eziningana 10 kuya ku-15 cm ubude obude obunama-40 kuya ku-50 cm ukusuka ensikeni embuthanweni. Kulezi zimbiza kudingeka uchithe amabhakede angama-4 - 5 emgqeni.
Kakade kakade amahlumela amaningi "omdala" adinga ukuphuza inani lama-4 kuya ku-5 izikhathi ngasinye.
Ukuphuza kokuqala kwentwasahlobo kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba ijusi iqale ukuhamba phakathi kwamahlumela. Uma kunemvula eyanele ebusika, awukwazi ukuwashalisa amahlathi. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke ehlathini ngalinye udinga ama-50 - 70 amalitha amanzi.
Ukuphuza okufanayo kufanele kwenziwe futhi izinsuku ezingu-20 ngaphambi kokuchichima. Lapho amaqoqo esevele eseqalile, futhi amajikijolo asekhulile aze afinyelele ubukhulu bama-peas, khona-ke ukuhlanza kwehlobo lokuqala kufanele kwenziwe.
Ngesinye isihlahla kumele sihambe hhayi amanzi angaphansi kuka-60. Esikhathini esilandelayo amahlumela adingeka ukuphuziswa amasonto amathathu ngaphambi kokuvuthwa. Ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aphule, kubalulekile ukwenza amanzi okunisela amanzi asetshenziselwa ubusika ngokubalwa kwama-60 kuya kwangu-70 amalitha ehlathini ngalinye.
- Ukuxhuma
Ukubambisana kunendima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni izihlahla zamagilebhisi.
Isikhathi sokuqala umbuthano oyingqimba engaba ngu-40 cm ojikeleze isithombo uhlanganiswe ngesikhwama semvula emva kokutshala.
Njengezinto zokwakha umquba owenziwe ngobuningi, amaqabunga awile, izitshalo iBatva, njll.
Ukwengeza ezintweni eziphilayo, ungasebenzisa i-polyethylene noma izinto ezikhethekileIsibonelo, iphepha le-mulch. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-mulch ukugcina umswakama emhlabathini.
- Shelter
Amagilebhisi okuhlala ebusika kuyindlela edingekayo. Phela, izimpande zingonakaliswa yiqhwa, ekugcineni ezoholela ekufeni kwesihlahla sonke.
Ngakho-ke, ukuvikelwa kwamagilebhisi kudinga ukucabanga kusengaphambili.
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokukhusela sifike phakathi - ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, lapho kungekho khona iqhwa okwamanje, kodwa izinga lokushisa seliye lahleka ngokwanele.
Uma amahlamvu esivele eshaqhamuka kuzo zonke izihlahla, sekuyisikhathi sokuthi "ukugoqa" isivini.
Ngenxa yalokhu ungasebenzisa kokubili izinto zemvelo nokufakelwa. Vikela amahlathi angaba ngumhlaba, ugwala, ukugoqa epulasitiki.
Ngendawo yokuhlala Izihlahla zidinga ukuboshwa ulale phansi, uhlanganise neziqeshana zensimbi, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ubeke izinto ezithile phansi (plywood, slate) ukuze imivini ingathinti phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinduku zensimbi ngendlela yama-arcs zifakwe ngaphezu kwezingatsha futhi ingxenye eyodwa noma ezimbili ze-polyethylene zihanjiswa phezu kwazo.
Ngaphezu kwefilimu kulezi zindawo zingathathwa, isibonelo, izingubo zokugqoka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwendwangu yokumboza yiphunga eligcwele umhlaba ukulungisa.
Uma izinga lokushisa ebusika aliphansi kakhulu, izihlahla ziyakwazi ukumbozwa umhlaba. Ngoba lesi sihlahla "sihlukaniswe" ngesigamu, isigamu ngasinye sixhunyiwe futhi sihleli phansi.
Imivini kufanele ifafazwe ngokucophelela ngomhlaba, mhlawumbe nge-slide. Uma iqhwa liwa, ke phezulu iqhwa liyathululelwa emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, ukushisa nomswakama kuzohlala isikhathi eside emhlabathini. Ngaphambi kokukhosela kubalulekile ukuphuzisa ukuchelela.
- Ukudubula
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokukhipha izihlahla ku-autumn, ekuqaleni kuphakathi kuka-Okthoba.
Ukunciphisa amahlumela akunconywa ehlobo noma entwasahlobo, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu ebusika. Njengoba amahlumela amagilebhisi "uBlagovest" angakha amaqoqo amaningi, lokhu kungaholela ekuthwaleni ngokweqile ehlathini. Ngakho-ke, isitshalo esidala singashiya isilinganiso samahlumela aluhlaza okwedlula ama-25 kuya kwangu-30, okungukuthi, cishe amahlumela angu-9 nge-1 sq. M. ukudla okunempilo.
Amahlumela ashubile kumele asuswe ukuze angathathi amandla emagatsheni aphilile. Emivini kufanele ibe ngama-8 - 9 amehlo.
Uma udinga ukusika izithombo ezincane, ngonyaka wokuqala udinga susa umvini ovuthiwe, futhi ngemuva - nje kufushane. Uma udala isihlahla, kunelungelo lokushiya amahlumela angama-3 kuya kwangu-8 athela izithelo, futhi kusuka ku-2 ukuya ku-5 efihlekile.
- Umanyolo
Isihluthulelo sokuvunwa okuhle sizokudla njalo. Le nqubo ingenziwa izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-3 ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kwehlathini ngesikhashana senyanga eyodwa.
Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, akudingekile ukutshala umhlaba, njengoba ukugqoka okuphezulu kuvele ngesikhathi sokutshala. Ngonyaka wesibili entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqedwa ngokuphelele, umanyolo we-nitrogen kufanele usebenze kanye nodaba oluphilayo.
Lokhu kugqoka kwenziwa nge-calculation of 40 - 50 g we-ammonium nitrate nge-10 l yesisombululo somquba noma umquba.
Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ngaphambi kokusila, kudingeka udle umhlaba nge-zinc, ama-moles we-potassium noma i-superphosphate. Emva kokuvuna kuqoqwe, udinga ukondla ubusika, okungukuthi ukwenza i-superphosphate ne-potassium usawoti.
Uma uhlelo lwama-drainage lufakwe ngesikhathi sokutshala, ke ukufaka umquba kufakwe kuwo. Uma kungenjalo, kudingeka udinge emagodini amancane ama-30 cm ejulile bese uwagcwalisa ngomanyolo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba 'ungashiseli' izimpande ngeziqu eziphilayo. Ngakho-ke, udaba lwezinto eziphilayo alusetshenziswanga okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3 ngokubala kuka-10-15 kg nge-shrub.
- Ukuvikelwa
Izithelo zomvini zikaBlagovest zingalimaza kabi yi-wasps, isikhutha kanye ne-oidium. Isivikelo ngokumelene ne-wasps singasebenza njengomshini okhethekile, okudingayo ukugoqa amaqoqo aselevele ayenziwe.
Hlanganisa amaqabunga aphuzi oketshezi emaqabunga asehlathini. Uma uthuli olubomvu lubonakala emaqabunga, amahlathi aphethwe yi-oidium.
Izindlela zomzabalazo zifana nazo zombili izimo. Izikhathi ezintathu amagilebhisi adinga ukwelashwa nge-fungicides (anthracol, amasango nabanye). Okokuqala, amahlumela aphihliwe, lapho amahlumela esevele akhule ngokwanele (kuze kube ngubude obuyi-20 cm), okwesibili - ngaphambi kokuba izimbali ziqhakaze, futhi okwesithathu - ngemva kokuphela kwezimbali.
