Plum "Anna Shpet" okushiwo irekhodi phakathi izitshalo engadini ngokuvumelana isivuno.
Unyaka ngamunye unikeza abalimi izithelo ezihlwabusayo, ezimnandi nezomnandi, ezisetshenziselwa impumelelo enkulu ekwenzeni izitsha ezihlukahlukene, amalungiselelo ebusika noma njengediliva elizimele.
Umlando we-Inference
Izinhlobonhlobo zamapulangwe okuzenzela "u-Anna Shpet" wathola kuqala ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, ngo-1870. Ngendlela yakhe engahleliwe, ngokuvotela i-sapling engaziwa, isitshalo sezitshalo saseJalimane uLudwig Shpet sakhishwa. Incazelo yemvelo yeplamu yenziwa okokuqala ngo-1881. 
Emkhakheni wamazwe ase-Soviet, "u-Anna Shpet" uvele ema-30s-40s ekhulwini lokugcina. Yathola ukusabalalisa okukhulu eNyakatho yeKrasnodar, esifundeni saseNyakatho Caucasus, eKardard-Balkaria, eNorth Ossetia, e-Peninsula yaseCrimea, nasezindaweni eziseningizimu ye-Ukraine.
Uyazi? Ngo-1947, i-plum ehlukahlukene yayithunyelwe ukuhlola isimo. Ngonyaka ofanayo wawufakwe kwirejista yombuso waseRussia eNyakatho Caucasus nasezindaweni eziphansi zeVolga.
Incazelo yomuthi
I-Plum "u-Anna Shpet" iyisihlahla esiqinile, esiqinile, esikuphakama kwayo singagcina sifinyelele ku-5 m. Siba nomqhele obukhulu, obanzi obukhulu njengombhoshongo, amahlumela anamandla, aqoshwe ngombala obomvu noma obomvu obomvu, oqinile futhi ohlala njalo.
Uhluke umqhele omuthi wesihlahla kanye namagatsha asemhlophe amagciwane. It has amaqabunga amancane okwenziwe elongated kanye nesakhiwo okuxekethile. Ubuso bepuleti leshidi lokuthungwa kwe-matte, ukushicilela kancane ngezansi. I-Petioles emfushane, kufika ku-0.8 cm, i-anthocyanin. Ama-Stirins cha. 
Ngesikhathi ipulazi elinezimbali ibonakala i-inflorescences encane enezimbali ezimbili zombala obomvu ohlotshwe ngebell. Ama-petals oval, usayizi ophakathi, ugxiliwe komunye nomunye. Imbali ngayinye inama-stamens angu-18.
Incazelo yezithelo
Ngeminyaka engu-3-5 emva kokutshala lesi siko kunika izithelo zokuqala. Zine-size enkulu kakhulu, i-oval noma i-egg, ephethe isikhumba esincane kodwa esiqinile ne-veins.
Umbala oyinhloko wesithelo u-amber, umbala wokumboza unombala obomvu, ube nesimbozo se-wax ehlukile. Inyama inamanzi amaningi, isakhiwo se-fibrous, i-yellow yellow. I-Plum ine-ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, okumnandi, ngobunambitheka obunzima, nephunga elithambile, elicebile.
Isitshalo somuntu omdala unyaka ngamunye singakhipha izithelo ezingu-100-150. 
Uyazi? Enye yezinsalela zalolu hlobo lweplamu yukuthi, ngenxa ye-juiciness yayo, ingaqhekeka ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, okuyinto echaphazela kabi isitoreji sabo esengeziwe.
Izici eziyinhloko ezihlukahlukene
"Anna Shpet" - ukungathobeki ekunakekeleni nasekuhlaleni izinhlobonhlobo, izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuqala nokukhiqiza okuphezulu.
Funda futhi ngezici eziyinhloko zezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi njenge "Honey White", "Eurasia", "Morning", "Stanley", "Peach", "Hungarian".
Ukumelana nesomiso nobunzima bebusika
Umuthi ubhekene nokumelana kwama-frost okuphakathi, kodwa unamandla okuphumula masinyane emva kwesimo sezulu esibanda. Izimo zezulu ezibandayo azihambisani naye, ngoba izinga lokushisa eliphansi liyakuthinta kakhulu isivuno.
Izinhlobonhlobo azifuni kakhulu emhlabathini, zingakwazi ukumelana nesomiso kahle. Ngaphansi kwezimo zezindawo ezisemaphandleni, iplamu ikhula ngendlela evamile futhi iyanelisekela ngokwanele ukungabi nomswakama. 
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
Ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezibandayo, kunzima kakhulu umuthi ukulwa nezifo. I-plum, ekhula emhlabathini we-carbonate, ivame ukubhekana ne-chlorosis, futhi ibuye ibonakale emiphumeleni emibi yezibungu ezibomvu zezithelo, ama-seedb, ama-sawflies.
Ukulwa nabo, kusetshenziswe amalungiselelo akhethekile, isibonelo, i-Avant noma i-Tagore, esetshenziselwa ukucubungula isihlahla ngaphambi kokuba iqhume. Ekwindla, kunconywa ukusebenzisa uKarbofos ukubhujiswa kwezidumbu, futhi njenge-prophylactic agent - isixazululo se-3% se-urea.
Zijwayele ngemithetho eyisisekelo ye-plums ekhulayo, kanye nezindlela ezivunyelwe zokulawula izifo nezinambuzane.
Ukubonakala kokukhula okwempunga kwizithelo namabala aluhlaza emaqabunga, okuholela ekumeni kwamahlamvu, kubonisa ukutheleleka kwe-moniliosis. Ukuze ulwe naye, sebenzisa i-Bordeaux liquid kanye nezihlahla ezigulayo.
Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ikakhulukazi emva kwemvula emikhulu, lesi sitshalo singathinteka ngokubheka okubomvu, okuyinto ebonakala njengamabala aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka emaqabunga. 
Indlela ephumelelayo yokuqeda lesi sifo iyaphula ngamalungiselelo akhethekile, isibonelo, isisombululo se-2% se-nitrafene.
Kubalulekile! Uma ungathinti ukubaluleka ekubonisweni kokubomvu, umuthi ungalahlekelwa ngokuphelele amahlamvu, uyeke ukuhluma futhi ukhuluphele kakhulu.Indlela enhle yokuvimbela ukungena kwe-plum yizinambuzane ukuvutha amaqabunga awile ekuwa futhi ukumba umhlabathi.
Ukuvota
"I-Anna Shpet" ibhekisela ezinhlotsheni ezizimele, kanti ngisho nokungabi khona kwezidakamizwa akukwazi ukulimaza isivuno sabo. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bacebisa ukuba bafinyelele amazinga aphezulu okuvota impoqo ngezinhlobo ezinjengokuthi "isiHungary", "Catherine", "Renklod", "Peach".
Imigomo yokubhaka nokuvuthwa
Eminyakeni engu-3-5 emva kokutshala iplamu iqala ukuthela izithelo. Izimbali zenzeka ngesikhathi esiphakathi, kusukela ngo-Ephreli. Kodwa ukuvuthwa kwesithelo kunasekupheleni: September - Okthoba. 
Ukuhluma nokuthela
Ukusheshisa kwesitshalo kungahlolwa njengendlela evamile, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuhluma kufaka iminyaka engu-3-5 yokukhula kwayo, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngonyaka we-6. Umuthi unezivuno eziphakeme, ezihlelekile. Ukudla izithelo kungenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, njengoba ama-plums agcinwa ngokuqinile emagatsheni.
Ngokwesilinganiso, isivuno esivela esihlahleni esisodwa, kuye ngobudala bayo, yilokhu:
- Iminyaka engu-8-10: kusukela ku-25 kuya ku-40 kg;
- Iminyaka 10-12: kusuka ku-45 kuya ku-60 kg;
- Iminyaka engu-13-20: kusuka ku-100 ukuya ku-150 kg.
Ngemuva kokuvuna, izithelo zingagcinwa isikhathi eside endaweni epholile, epholile. Ama-plums aqoqiwe anconywa ukuba asetshenziswe aluhlaza noma asetshenziselwa ukucubungula. 
Izimo ezikhulayo
"I-Anna Shpet" isitshalo esingenakuzithoba ekutshalweni, kodwa sidinga ukuthobela imithetho ethile.
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala izithombo kubhekwa njengaphakathi kwentwasahlobo, lapho umhlaba usufudumele. I-Plum ayithandi umoya omoya, izindawo ezimnyama, ngakho-ke udinga ukuthola indawo ekhanyisiwe, enelanga, ngaphandle kwemidwebo nemimoya.
Lesi sitshalo sisinda kahle ekukhanyeni, e-loamy, enhlabathini enezakhi, kanye nokufakwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba okungenani ama-1.5 m.
Uzobe nesithakazelo sokufunda ngezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-plums ezizenzekelayo, nezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zama-plums ase-Chinese, mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle ze-plums esifundeni saseMoscow, mayelana nezinzuzo zama-columic plums, nezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ze-plums ephuzi.
Imithetho yokufika
Isitshalo esitshaliwe phakathi nentshesahlobo, esimweni esishisayo sezulu esomile, esingenamoya. Masinyane ngaphambi kwenqubo yokutshala, izimpande ze-plum zinyene zibe ngumbumba lobumba. Okulandelayo, umbe imbobo, ubukhulu obungama-60x80 cm, phansi ogcwele ingxube ehlanganisa ama-10 kg we-humus, inhlabathi engu-5 kg kanye no-0.5 kg we-phosphate. 
Ukutshala ngokucophelela, ukuze kungalimazi uhlelo lwempande, kunconywa emgodini ukuze intamo impande ingabi ngaphezu kuka-4-5 cm. Khona-ke lesi sitshalo siboshwe ekuxhaseni ngokhuni, futhi umhlabathi owuzungezayo uhambile ngokucophelela.
Ekupheleni kokutshala lesi sihlahla sisele amanzi angama-25 amalitha amanzi. Ngemuva kokuba umswakama ubambeke ngokugcwele, umgodi uhambelana nenhlabathi eyomile noma i-sawdust.
Uma udinga ukutshala izithombo eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, kufanele ubheke ngokucacile ibanga eliphakathi kwazo noma ezinye izitshalo zensimu:
- phakathi kwemigqa - 3 m;
- phakathi kwezihlahla - 2 m.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwonyaka
Ukunakekelwa kweplamu yonyaka wonyaka kuhlanganisa ukuqinisekisa ukuchelela okunembile, ukondla, ukusika, ukulungiselela kahle isikhathi sebusika. 
Ukunisela
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokukhula, umuthi kufanele unikezwe ngokushelela njalo, okunamanzi okuningi, ukusilalisa nokukhipha inhlabathi. Uma izimbali eziqala zivela, ngaphezu kwezi-80% zezimbali kufanele zisuswe ukuze zandise amathuba okusinda.
Isitshalo esidala phakathi nenkathi sidinga futhi ukuchelela okuhle nokuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi nge-humus. Ukuphuza amapulisi kabili ngosuku - ekuseni nakusihlwa, ngokusekelwe kwesitshalo esisodwa isabelo esiphezulu ku-30-50 amalitha. Ukunisela kwamanzi - kuze kube izikhathi ezingu-6 ngenyanga.
Kubalulekile! Uma unamanzi kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi inhlabathi ingene ngaphansi kuka-25 cm ejulile.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungavumeli umchamo womhlabathi ukuba ume ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. 
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izitshalo kumele zibe ngonyaka emva kokutshala iplamu. Isihlahla kufanele sithole isabelo sokuqala se-nitrate nitrate phakathi kukaMeyi, okwesibili - phakathi kukaJuni. Uma ngonyaka wesibili ukukhula komuthi kunamandla kakhulu, ukugqoka okuphezulu kungancishiswa kanye, kuphela ngoMeyi.
Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza okulindelwe (ngonyaka wesine noma wesihlanu) ukufaka umquba nge nitrogen kunconywa ukunciphisa.
Kuzokusiza ukuba ufunde kabanzi mayelana namanyolo we-nitrogen.Umuthi omdala uhlwanyelwa ngaphambi kokuba uhlume futhi emva kokuvuna.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Izindwangu zokugqoka eziphezulu zihlanganisa ukukhulula inhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyo yonke inkathi udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukuvela kokhula futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuqeda. Ngemuva kokuqeda inhlabathi kuhlanganiswe nama-humus.
Kunconywa ukuthi uthele umquba noma i-humus ephilayo emazweni ampofu amhlabathi.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-plum zijwayele ukwakheka kwezimpande ezimpande, okumele zihlanzwe njalo zisuswe.
Ukudubula
Okubalulekile ekunakekeleni "u-Anna Shpetu" kuyinkokhelo esifike ngesikhathi. Isihlahla sokuqala senziwa lapho uhlwanyela izithombo: amagatsha awo avela phansi anqunywa ku-1/3 ubude. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izihlahla ezihlanzekile zenziwa, zisuswe, okokuqala, amagatsha anesifo futhi awonakele. 
Kumele futhi ube mncane ngaphandle kwamahlumela amancane, ususe ababuthakathaka futhi ushiye kuphela oqine kakhulu futhi oqondile kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuba ungagcini amagatsha amaningi namahlumela, angabi ngaphezu kwe-1/4 yonke inqwaba.
Funda nge-nuances esemqoka yokusika izihlahla.
Izitshalo ezindala ziyakunqunywa ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuphuka kwephunga. Lapho umuthi ufinyelela ku-2-2.5 m ukuphakama, yenza izihlahla eziqhamukayo, ngokukhipha nokuqothula ukukhula, amagatsha agwetshiwe avimbela ukuthola izithelo. Ngakho-ke, kutholakala umqhele ohlakazekayo futhi okhanyayo.
Esikhathini sekwindla, ukusika izihlahla kuvuselelwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa amagatsha aphukile, aphethwe yisifo futhi awonakele, kancane kancane unqunywe "umqhele".
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela iplamu emakhazeni namakhaza. Ukulwa nalezi zinsuku, izihlahla ezincane ekuwa kwekwephuzile zimbozwe ngokuphelele nge-PVC mesh noma ukuphahlazeka. Kubantu abadala, vala kuphela insika nombuthano oyisisekelo. 
Imisebenzi enjalo izosiza ukuvikela iplamu, hhayi kuphela kumagundane, kodwa futhi kusukela emaqanda angaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ekwindla kunesidingo sokukhipha umdwebo noma ukuwuphatha ngepende elisekelwe emanzini. Kunconywa ukugoqa umuthi ngephepha eliqinile noma indwangu yemvelo evela eqhwa.
Kungenzeka ukwandisa ukumelana nesithwathwa sesitshalo ngokusebenzisa amanzi avuselela ukuchelela, okwenziwa ekupheleni kukaNovemba, ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala.
Izinzuzo nokuqeda
Abalimi abaningi bayathanda ukukhula ipulazi lika-Anna Shpet ngoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinamathuba amaningi:
- ukungathobeki kokushiya nokulima;
- isivuno esikhulu;
- ikhono elihle kakhulu lokubuyiselwa kusuka eqhwa noma nesomiso;
- inhle kakhulu yokumelana nesithwathwa;
- ukunambitheka okukhulu kwezithelo;
- izinsuku zesikhathi sokupheka;
- kungenzeka ukuthi isitoreji sesikhathi eside saleso sitshalo.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kanye nezinzuzo, ezihlukahlukene azikho ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, phakathi kwazo okungukuthi:
- izithelo zokuqhekeka;
- ezinye ubunzima ekuvuneni;
- ukuphefumula kwezinkuni.
"Anna Shpet" - izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuziphakamisa, ezithandwa kakhulu nabalimi banamuhla. Izithelo zomuthi ziyisiphuzo esimnandi, ezimnandi, ezinomzimba, eziye zazuza ukuhlolwa okunambitha kakhulu futhi zithole uhlelo olubanzi lokupheka, imithi yendabuko, kanye nokudla okuzimele okuzimele.
