Chokeberry unesandulela-ngculazi esihle, ngakho-ke, izifo nezinambuzane ziphazamisa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sifo singahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi indawo yendawo, isimo sezulu, ukusondela kwezinye izitshalo nezinye izici. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinambuzane nezifo ezingabhekana nazo lapho ukhula i-chokeberry ukugwema izinkinga ngesitshalo. Ukuvimbela i-chokeberry ezifweni nezinambuzane kuyisenzo esilula, kanti ezinye izinqubo zisiza ukulwa nezinambuzane eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuba ulandele zonke izincomo ukuze uvikele isitshalo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Indlela yokubhekana nezifo ze-ash ash
I-Aronia cishe ayikho ngaphansi kwezifo. Kodwa-ke, ngezikhathi ezithile, lezi zitshalo zihlushwa izifo ezisezinye izitshalo nezitshalo zeberry.
Indawo emnyama
Lesi sifo sinengozi ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezincane nabuthakathaka. Esikhathini sokuqala, izindawo ezincane ezimnyama zivela emaqabunga; ukuqhakaza okumhlophe kungahle kube khona engxenyeni engezansi yeqabunga. Uma ugijima lesi sifo, amaqabunga asomile ngokuphelele futhi awe phansi. Uma uthola izimpawu zalesi sifo esitshalweni sakho, khona-ke kufanele ufakwe ngesixazululo se-1% se-Bordeaux ingxube. Wonke amaqabunga awile futhi awonakele kumele asuswe masinyane, aqoqwe futhi abhujiswe.
I-Septoria Spotting
Loluhlobo lwe-spotting lubonakala ngamachashaza afaka ama-oval anomngcele omnyama. Kungase kuvele phakathi kwehlobo futhi kuholele ekumiswe okuphelele kwezicubu ngaphakathi kwamabala. Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zamabala, ukuvimbela kanye nezibonakaliso zokuqala, ukwelashwa kweBordeaux kwenziwa, futhi wonke amaqabunga awonakele aqoqwe futhi abhujiswa. Amalungiselelo asetshenziselwa ukulwa. Isihlahla kanye nenhlabathi ngaphansi kwayo baphathwa nge-oxychloride yethusi no-Abiga-Pik kulezi zifo.
I-necrosis ye-bacterium, noma umdlavuza womngcwabo
Lesi sifo singabangela ukufa okukhulu kwezitshalo nezitshalo. U-Aronia akahlupheki lesi sifo kaningi njengokuthi, isibonelo, i-apricot, i-cherry, noma i-peach. Izimpawu zifana nokubukeka komdlavuza we-bacterial on crops pome. Ngentwasahlobo, zifana nokushisa, kodwa lesi sifo sithinta zonke izicubu nezitho ze-shrub, ngakho amafomu okubonakaliswa angase ahluke.
Uma lesi sifo singapheli isikhathi eside, izithelo, amahlumela nezimbali kunomile ngokushesha futhi zome, kodwa ungawa, bese uhlala esihlahleni isikhathi eside. Ngeke ubone izilonda emagqumeni, kodwa ngaphansi kwethonya lama-toxins akhipha ama-bacteria, igxolo ligcwele ukunyakaza, liphendukile elibomvu, liphendukele elimnyama bese ligcina lifa. Kulesi simo, isici esiphunga iphunga elivela kumagxolo, elifana nejusi elivuthiwe.
Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezinjalo ze-mountain ash, ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka. Uma uthola isifo esiteji sokuqala, ukusika izihlahla zonke ezithintekayo kwenziwa ngokuthunjwa kwezinkuni ezinempilo 8-10 cm ngaphansi kwesilonda.
Uma kucubungula kuyadingeka ukuba usilondoloze isilwane ngesisombululo sika-5% se-formalin, futhi kubalulekile ukugcoba izindawo zokusika nge-putty engadini. Uma lesi sifo sishaye isitshalo kakhulu, khona-ke isihlahla kufanele siphume ngokuphelele futhi sishiswe, sigweme ukutshala okutsha eduze nale ndawo.
I-mosaic ring ye-ring
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingamasongo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka emaqabunga, lapho, lapho ehlushwa kakhulu, ahlangane futhi ahlanganise iphethini yama-mosaic. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaqabunga e-ash ash asuke ekhubazekile, aphikisana, bese ephenduka amnyama bese ewa. Ukulwa nalesi sifo, kubalulekile ukususa ngokushesha amaqabunga abathintekile futhi ubhubhise.
Hlanganisa
Isifo se-fungal esihlasela izifo sithinta uhlelo lwempande. Izimbangela zalesi sifo ziyi-arthritis ezigxile ekumpandeni kwempande, ezenza buthaka isitshalo. Kubukeka sengathi kunezingcwecwe ezinobumba obuhlaza obuncane obunamabala obuhlaza. Ukuvimbela kuhilela ukwelashwa okuvamile ne-Bordeaux mortar entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kanye ne-oxychloride yethusi no-Abigak-Pik.
Izithelo Rot, noma iMoniliasis
Lesi sifo sifana ne-apula izithelo zokubola. Iqhubekela phambili emswakeni ophezulu. Uma isimo sesimo sezulu somile futhi sishisa, izicubu ezonakalisiwe ziyomile futhi ukubhujiswa komntwana kuyomisa. Kodwa ngomswakama okhulayo, le nqubo iyaqala.
Uyazi? Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwenzeka kwalesi sifo - isivuno sekwephuzile. Ukuqoqa izithelo ngesikhathi, futhi lesi sifo ngeke siphazamise isitshalo sakho.
I-Peripheral Wood Rot
U-Rowan angabhekana nesifo ezifana nokubola kwe-peripheral kwezinkuni, okubangelwa amakhowe. Ukulwa nokusebenzisa Bordeaux liquid noma ezinye fungicide. Izihlahla ezikhuthele kakhulu kufanele zisuswe futhi zishiswe, futhi ngezimpande.
Idonsa likaMealy
Lesi sifo se-fungal of chokeberry sithinta amaqabunga amancane namahlumela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-whiteweb-like bloom-like bloom ivela kubo, futhi ekwindla baphenduka izindawo ezimnyama - kulesi simo i-overwinters i-fungus. Lesi sifo singabuthakathaka kakhulu isitshalo, ikakhulukazi uma isimo sezulu sishisa futhi sinomswakama. Ukuze silwe ne-powdery isikhutha ngesikhathi sokukhula, i-chokeberry kufanele ipholile nge-sulfur emhlabathini kanye ne-lime (ngo-2 kuya ku-1) ngesilinganiso esingu-0.3 g / sq. m. Futhi qiniseka ukuqoqa nokushisa amaqabunga awile.
Ukugqwala
Ngezinye izikhathi u-Chokeberry ubhekene nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rust. I-agent causative yalesi sifo kubangela ukubonakala kwamabala aphuzi kumaqabunga. Zonke izindawo zinamaqabunga amnyama amnyama - i-spore spore ihlangothini eliphezulu lamaqabunga. Esikhathini esizayo, i-fungus iqala ngomjunipha, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuvikela ukutshala kwe-chokeberry kulesi sitshalo. Njengendlela yokwelapha i-rust, lesi sitshalo sihlanjululwa ngesisombululo se-Bordeaux liquid, futhi amagatsha abathintekile asuswe ngokuphelele.
Indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane ze-mountain ash
I-Aronia nayo ingathinteka yizinambuzane zezinye izitshalo zezithelo. Kodwa lesi sitshalo sinomkhuhlane omuhle, ngakho-ke akufanele ukhathazeke kakhulu ngakho. Kodwa-ke, uma kunezinye izihlahla eziningi zezithelo eziseduzane, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuqapha ngokucophelela i-aronia yakho ukuze ulahle izinambuzane uma kunesidingo.
I-Hawthorn
Ubukhulu belivemvane elibizayo lingafinyelela ku-7 cm. Izibungu zalo zilimaza amahlamvu esitshalo. Kwenzeka entwasahlobo, ngalesi sikhathi inkathazo iqala umsebenzi wayo. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, izibungu zezibungu ziwadla, bese zibhubhisa amaqabunga nezimbali. Ephakathi kwehlobo, lezi zinambuzane zibeka amaqanda, ngokuvamile kaningi ehlangothini eliphezulu leqabunga.
Uyazi? I-haws eyodwa yezinsikazi ingahle ibeke amaqanda angama-500.
Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, i-arion ingasetshenzwa ngezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene ze-prophylaxis, njenge:
- I-Zolon;
- "Metathion";
- "Nexion";
- "Dursban";
- "Gardona";
- "Antio".
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, izihlahla zingasetshenziswa nge-Olekupri, Nitrafen.
Kubalulekile! Ngokuvamile, izimvemvane ze-hawthorn zondla impova yezikhula zokhula, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuzivumela ukuba ziqhakaze ensimini.
I-Weevil
Nge-chokeberry ngezinye izikhathi ungathola ama-leaf weevils adle amaqabunga. Ukuze ulwe nabo, sebenzisa i-karbofos (10 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi) noma amaClorofos (20-30 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
Sawfly enhle kakhulu
Lezi zinambuzane eziyingozi ziyakwazi ukugubha lonke iqabunga, zishiye izitshalo ezinkulu kuphela. Zivela ngokumangalisayo ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi, ziphazamise esihlahleni inyanga, bese ziya enhlabathini. Izimpungushe zifana nomzimba futhi zimbozwe nge-mucus emnyama.
Ukulwa ne-sawfly emangcwabeni sebenzisa ikhambi elilandelayo:
- isixazululo se "Chlorofos" noma "Malathion";
- Isixazululo sokumiswa kwe-Entobacterin;
- soda ash solution.
Ukufafaza kwenziwa okokuqala emva kokusila, bese kuthi izikhathi ezimbili ngaphezulu njalo ngesonto elilandelayo.
Kubalulekile! Inyanga ngaphambi kokuvuna, noma yikuphi ukusifiphaza kumele kumiswe. Ungasebenzisa kuphela isisombululo soda ash.
I-Green Apple Aphid
Lezi zinambuzane ziphazamisa amaqabunga neziqongo zamahlumela, okwenza ukuba ziphephe futhi zome. Lezi zinambuzane ziyingcosana encane, kuze kube ngu-3.5 cm ubude. Izitshalo ezincane zihlupheka kakhulu kusuka ku-apple aphid eluhlaza. Esikhathini sokuqhakaza kwembali futhi ngaphambi kokusila, baphathwa ngama-insecticide ukuze basuse izimpungushe ze-aphid ye-apula. Ukuze silwe nama-aphid, kubalulekile ukuphambanisa amalungiselelo nge "Nitrafen", "Karbofos", "Olekuprit", njll.
Izithelo ezibomvu kanye nama-apula abomvu
Lezi zinambuzane ze-chokeberry zivela ngesikhathi sokuphumula. I-Larvae molt, ezishiya izikhumba zama-larval emagatsheni amagatsha. Ngenxa yalokhu, amagatsha athola i-silver tide, ngakho akunakwenzeka ukudidanisa lolu hlobo lwezinambuzane nabanye.
Kubalulekile! Uma kwenzeka izilonda ezinzima, ukupompa nge "Olekupkrit" ne "Nitrafen" kwenziwa, kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuphumula kwephutha.
Entwasahlobo ka-Aronia kumele ifakwe yi-acaricides ("Zolon", "Malathion", "Tedion", njll). Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene kuyadingeka ngoba ngokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo komunye wabo, umkhiqizo wenziwa umkhuhlane kuwo. Ukuze kusheshe ukunciphisa inani lemikhaza, kubalulekile ukumba umhlabathi ngaphansi kwezitshalo, kanye nokuqoqa njalo nokubhubhisa amaqabunga awile.
I-bark beetle
Le beetle encane enombala obomvu igxuma emagqumeni, ezama ukufika eduze kwehlathi elimnandi. Zonke izigaba zomsebenzi obalulekile wale bhungane zenzeka ngokuqondile ngemva kokuba isitshalo singene emagqabeni. Ezimweni ezithuthukile, amaqabunga e-Aronia rowan aphenduka aphuzi, ngenxa yokuthi izakhi aziveli emagatsheni.
Ukulwa nale nkathazo kuyadingeka ukuba uphefise sonke isitshalo ngokuphelele: isiqu, amagatsha namaqabunga. Ukucubungula sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezilandelayo:
- I-Aktara;
- "I-Confidor";
- Lepidocide.
Ama-Rowan nemayini yezimayini
Lezi zinambuzane zithinta izithelo ze-chokeberry. Izibungu ziqala ukudla inyama, ziqubude ezigabeni ezincane. Kusukela emigodini eyabangela, amaconsi amanzi aqhubekela phambili, amabala amnyama avela, nezithelo zizwakala zibaba. I-Aronia ayitholi umonakalo omkhulu, kodwa izithelo ezithintekile azikwazi ukuzisebenzisa, ngakho-ke ngokubonakala kwalesi sifo, isivuno sinciphile. Ukulwa nama-rowan ne-miner, kubalulekile ukumba umhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla, ukushisa amaqabunga aqoqwe, uhlanza amagxolo avela ku-lichens nokukhula.
Kubalulekile! Ukuqoqa nokubhubhisa amakholomu amacimbi kuyadingeka kanye nezidleke zesicabucabu, ngaphandle kwalokho le nqubo ngeke ibe nethonya.
Ngokumelene ne-moth rowan ukulwa ngokusiza ukupompa izidakamizwa ngokumelene ne-apple stem. Ngokumelene ne-apple miner moth, kuyadingeka ukuba uchithe i-aronia ngama-insecticide ngaphambi kokuchichima. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ezimweni eziningi lezi zidakamizwa zisebenza kuphela ekulwa namacimbi amancane.
Izinyoni
Ngeshwa, izinyoni zithanda ukudla amajikijolo ahlukene, ngakho uma zibona ingadi yakho, kuzodingeka ulwe nabo. Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yizinhlawulo ezikhethekile ezivela ezinyoni, kukhona-ke ezinye izindlela ezenziwe ngokwabo, kodwa ukusebenza kwazo akuqinisekisiwe. Njengoba amathuluzi anjalo asebenzisa izinto ezikhanyayo (njengama-CD / DVD ama-disks), okukhanyisa ilanga ngokuqhakazile futhi esabisa izinyoni lapho zisondela ezihlahleni. Ukwengeza, izintambo zisetshenziselwa ukwethusa izinyoni, kanye nezinto ezizitholayo, uma zihlangana, zenza umsindo (isibonelo, amathini angama-aluminium axhunyiwe komunye nomunye), kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi angeke esabise izinyoni, futhi imisindo engavamile iyokucasula.
