Ikhwalithi ephawulekayo ehlukile Izinhlobo ze-apple ze-Quinty iyinani eliphakeme lokudla okunomsoco, eliphilayo kanye namakhemikhali wezithelo zalo.
Izakhiwo ze-Organoleptic nazo ziphakeme.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo apula hhayi ngokucophelela ekunakekeleni nasekulimeni.
Uhlobo luni?
Kuncike esikhathini sokuvuthwa kwezithelo, izinhlobo zezitshalo zezimboni zihlukaniswe ngokuthi: ekwindla (ngo-Agasti-Septemba), ebusika (ngo-Okthoba), ehlobo (ngoJulayi-Agasti).
Iqembu ngalinye, liphinde lihlukaniswe ngamaqembu angaphansi (isibonelo: ekuqaleni kwehlobo nasekupheleni kwehlobo).
I-Quinty apula tree ehlukahlukene ibhekisela ku amahlobo ehlobo kanye nezinhlobo zetafula. Okufaniswe ngu isikhutha esiphakeme ukumelana. Ezihlukahlukene zokumelana nokushisa nokushisa kwesomiso.
Quinty ubusika buqinile ngokwanele i-apula
Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina kahle izithelo zawo ebusika. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokushisa kwezinga elingaphakathi kweziqukathi zokhuni (izitsha, amashalofu noma amabhokisi).
Ama-apula akufanele ahlanganiswe nezinye izinhlobo futhi alinganiselwe ngosayizi.
Ngisho ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, izithelo zomuthi we-Quinti igcinwe isikhathi eside (kuze kufike inyanga eyodwa).
Izinhlobo zasehlobo zihlanganisa izihlahla ze-apula: Ezibomvu zakuqala, i-Summer Striped, Korobovka, i-Silver Hoof, i-Shinyanets Solntsedara, i-Solntsedar, i-Glory kuya ku-Winner, i-Terentyevka, i-Wonderful, i-Hero yosuku.
Ukuvota
Lezi zihlukahlukene ze-apula zibhekisela kumqondo we-samobesplodnom. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuvuthwa kwemvelo kwenzeka ngenxa yempova yezimbali ze-apula ezihlukahlukene ezikhiqizayo. Okuhle, izitshalo zezitshalo ezimbili ezikude ngamamitha angu-5 ukusuka komunye nomunye.
I-pollinator engcono kakhulu: UVista Bella, Juleredde, uPapirovka, uStark Erliest.
Incazelo enhlobonhlobo ye-Kvinti
Ukubonakala komuthi we-apula kubonakala ngokuphakama okuphakathi, umqhele ogqamile okhanyayo kanye nezithelo ezibomvu ezikhanyayo.
Sredneroslye. Umqhele akuvamile kodwa egcwele amaqabunga, ajikelezayo futhi ahamba phambili.
Amagatsha amahlumela, asuke ensika, cishe, ekhoneni lama degree angu-90.
Amagxolo asundu-aluhlaza. Ukuhluma nge-kolchatka.
Amahlumela aqoshiwe, aluhlaza okombala okwebala, ubukhulu obuphakathi, cishe bubala.
Iqabunga le-Quinti ezihlukahlukene likhulu, elibanzi phansi, oluhlaza okomnyama.
Inomumo obanzi oval. Izimbali zimhlophe futhi zikhulu kakhulu.
Njengomthetho ubukhulu obuphakathi (isisindo esiphezulu kuze kube ngu-125 g), kodwa uma isivuno singekho phezulu, ama-apula ayoba mkhulu (kufika ku-175 g).
Emthini owodwa ukhule izithelo ezilinganayo. Ifomu - elongated conicalUbuso bubushelelezi. Umbala wezithelo uyingxenye yesibili eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ophuzi nohhafu. Isikhumba sibhebhezela nge-coated kancane.
Inyama iyomuncu namanzi, i-creamy noma i-white embala, i-granular. Ukunambitheka kwesithelo kumnandi futhi kumuncu ngephunga elimnandi.
Isici esihlukile se-apple ye-Quinty inani eliphakeme kakhulu lavithamini C.
Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali we-apula:
| Ingxenye | Inombolo |
|---|---|
| I-ascorbic acid | 8.4 mg / 100 g (max 11.2) |
| Indaba eyomile | 15.9% (max 16.8%) |
| I-acid titrated | 0.53% (max 0.6%) |
| Isamba samashukela | 10.3% (max 11.2%) |
| Ishukela ku-asidi isilinganiso | 21,1 (35,6) |
Isithombe
Umlando wokuzala
I-apple tree ezihlukahlukene U-Quinti wazalwa wawela ngezinhlobo ezimbili: I-Crimson Ubuhle ne-Red Melba. Ukukhethwa kwenzeka eCanada.
Ukuhlukahluka kwaqala ukusakazwa kusukela ngo-1986. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwenziwa Irejista Yombuso yeCentral Black Earth Zone, iCaucasus kanye nensimu yesifunda se-Lower Volga.
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo yizindawo ezilandelayo zeRussia yanamuhla: I-Lipetsk, i-Voronezh, uKursk, i-Rostov, i-Volgograd, i-Astrakhan.
Futhi Isifunda saseKrasnodar, eNorth Ossetia naseKabardino-Balkaria.
Izinhlobo ze-Apple nazo zifanelekile ukutshala kulezi zifunda: I-Ordered, Golden Delicious, Lobo, i-Apple Spas, i-Belayfleur Kitayka, i-Yandykovskoe, i-Fuji, i-Sunny, i-Prima, i-Rennet Simirenko, i-Yuzhny, Korea.
Ukuthela
Izihlahla zithela izithelo ngokushesha, cishe iminyaka engu-3-4 ngemuva kokufika.
Ukuhluma okuvamile, ngonyaka. Ukuvuthwa okukhishiwe kufana nokukhula komthengi futhi kwenzeka kusenesikhathi. (maphakathi noJulayi).
Ngokwesilinganiso kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa esuswe ku-100 kuya ku-120 kilograms yama-apula kanye nama-cent centre angu-86 ngehektha ngalinye. Hlunga imibukiso isilinganiso semiphumela yokuvuna.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Lapho utshala isihlahla usebenzisa umquba omdala. Ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla sama-apula akuyona into ehlabayo.
Ngokweziphakamiso nezeluleko zezazi, izithombo ze-apple ze-Quinti ezihlukahlukene zihamba phambili. etshalwe emhlabathini ngaphambi kobusika.
Kodwa kungakapheli inyanga ekuqaleni kwalokhu kubanda.
Ezinyangeni ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala izithombo ze-Quinty ziyi september noma i-october (kuye ngokuthi isimo sezulu nesimo sezulu).
Ukwenza umuthi ube namandla futhi ulethe isivuno esiphezulu, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise umhlabathi loam.
KUBALULEKILE: Uma utshala, gwema izindawo lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze khona. Uma kungenjalo, izithombo zizoba emanzini, futhi umuthi uzobola.
Amathiphu amakhulu okutshala uhlobo lwe-apple lwe-Quinty:
- kungcono ukhethe isisindo esincane, khona-ke siyashintsha ngokushesha emhlabathini esakhiweni lapho sikhule khona;
- udinga ukukhetha izithombo ngesistimu yezimpande ezithuthukile futhi uzithenge endaweni lapho kunezimo zezulu ezifanayo;
- insimu kufanele ibe ilanga.
Indlela yokulungisa umgodi wokufika:
Kungcono ukulungisa umgodi izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokufika.
Udinga ukumba ukujula komgodi nobubanzi be-2 ngamamitha amabili, ukumboza ngezingqimba zeshlabathi, umquba kanye ne-peat crumb.
Lokhu kuzokwenza izimo ezingcono kakhulu zokuhluma kwezithombo.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ukuphuza umuthi kakhulu ngokushesha ngemuva kokufika.
Ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokufika, entwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukwakha amahlamvu omqhele we-apula. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ekupheleni kwegatsha ngalinye.
Ngo-Ephreli, kubalulekile ukunisela izihlahla ezinezingxubeukuzivikela ezinambuzane.
Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe kabili:
- lapho amaqabunga eqala ukuvuvukala emagatsheni;
- ngaphambi kokuba ifihlekile.
Ngemuva kwalokho, umuthi awusadingeki ukuba ukhulelwe iminyaka. Kubaluleke kakhulu amanzi amaningi isihlahla, ikakhulu ehlobo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Quinty Apple enye yezinkinga ezingavumelani kakhulu izinhlobo.
Ngakho-ke, ukunakekela i-apula kufanele kugxile ngokuphelele ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo.
Ukuvimbela lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukufeza ukuvimbela, okuqukethe: ukusetshenziswa kwenhlabathi ngomlotha, ukwakhiwa komqhele, ukondla ngomquba kanye nokudla ngamanyolo we-potash.
Uma lesi sifo sisalokhu sishaya umuthi, kufanele uqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Isici sesikhumba ukuthi ukuthi sithinta kakhulu amaqabunga esihlahla, bese sithatha isithelo.
I-trunk ihlala iphilile ngokuphelele. Isizathu salesi fungus singaba ukuqhuma umoya ngaphakathi komqhele wesihlahla noma umswakama ophezulu.
Izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-scab zibukeka ngamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emaqabunga, futhi enombalwa omkhulu obuncane obuncane, ekwenzeni i-crust, amabala ezithelo.
Ukwelashwa kwenzeka ngokulima umhlabathi nxazonke kwezitshalo kanye sishaye izinkuni ngezingxube ezihlukahlukene. Njengomthetho, lokhu kuyisilinganiso sezinyathelo zomhlaba wonke, okuvimbela nokwelashwa cishe kuzo zonke izifo zomuthi wensimu.
Izindlela ezinhle zokwelashwa yizo:
- Isixazululo se-urea (ngokwesilinganiso, amalitha angu-7-8 adingekayo ngesihlahla ngasinye);
- i-oxychloride ithusi, okumele isetshenziswe kuqala ngaphambi kokusila, bese kuthi lapho kuvela izithelo zokuqala;
- I-Bordeaux liquid, engashintshwa kalula nge-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ezihlukahlukene ze-apple ze-Quinty zingezokuqala zehlobo. Lokhu kungenye yezinzuzo zayo ezibalulekile - izithelo zivuthwe ekuqaleni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuvuna izikhathi eziningana esikhathini sehlobo.
Ekunakekeleni kwesihlahla, ukungahlonipheki, noma kunjalo, kubonakala kunomthelela obuthakathaka. Izithelo zihle, zizwakala kahle, kodwa ekamelweni lokushisa zigcinwe izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyishumi nambili.
Buka ividiyo ngendlela yokwenza i-Bordeaux liquid.
