Njalo ngonyaka, ngenxa yemizamo yabalimi, izinhlobo eziningi zamagilebhisi zivela. Izinguqulo ezithuthukisiwe zezinhlobo zakudala zijabulela kokubili abathengi nabalimi.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwalokhu konke, izinhlobo zezilwane zakudala zilahlekile, okuyinto, naphezu kwezinsalela zabo ezincane, zingase zimangaze abavinini bewayini. Enye yalezi zinhlobo i-Rizamat.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene ye-Rizamat
Ingabe ezihlukahlukene zetafula, bred at the Research Institute of Uzbekistan lapho bewela izinhlobo zeParkent neKatta-Kurgan.
Ebizwa ngokuhlonipha umlimi uRiamata Musamuhamedova. Iyingxenye yeqembu elithile elisempumalanga yezinhlobo zaseYurophu. Ukunambitheka nokubukeka kubaluleka kakhulu ngokweqile "abazali" babo.
Izinhlobo zakuqala zihlanganisa noMuscat Bely, uKishmish 342 noJulian.
Akufanelekile ukuwagcina, kepha ukuvuna ngokushesha emva kokuvuthwa. Ngokwesilinganiso, ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, lesi sitshalo sidlula isikhathi esizayo sokukhula kwezinsuku ezingu-150.
Isici esihle salesi sivini sithela. Yilokho kanye okuthandwa kakhulu ngaye. Kusukela esihlahleni esisodwa ngokuvamile uthola ama-50 - 70 kg amagilebhisi.
Izithelo ezifanayo ziboniswa yiSipho seMagarach, enkumbulweni kaDombkovska kanye neSipho seZaporozhye.
Futhi uma ngemuva kwakhe ukunakekela kahle futhi sikhule, izithelo ziyojabula ngokuthakazelisa okukhulu nokubukeka. Amagilebhisi anenyama enomsoco, okutholakala ushukela esifundeni se-18-25%, i-asidi 5-6 g / l. I-fecundity ye amahlumela ingaba ngu-50%, umthwalo esihlahleni ungama-35-40 uma usika izihlahla. Izithelo zenduku kufanele zihlulwe amehlo angu-15 kuya kwangu-20.
Nokho, kunezinhlobonhlobo futhi izimfanelo ezimbi. Okuyinhloko kukhona ukumelana nokushisa kwama-frost (15 - 18 ° C) nokumelana okuphansi ku-asidi. Ngezinguquko ezinkulu emanzini omswakama, izithelo zingasheshe zishaye. Ngenxa yalezi ziphutha, amagilebhisi adinga ukunakekelwa okwethembekile futhi okuvamile.
I-Rizamat ayihambisani kahle nezinye izinhlobo futhi ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukukhiqiza ngokugoma.
Ukubonakala kwamagilebhisi
Izihlahla inkulu kakhulu futhi idinga indawo engamamitha ayi-10, kodwa lokhu kubuyiselwa izakhiwo ezicebile.
AmaSpredishithi ubukhulu obuphakathi, obuningi futhi obunamathele amahlanu. Amabhuzu i-conical, branched futhi inkulu kakhulu (ingaba isisindo esingama-3 kg). Amajikijolo ngokwawo ayinkulu, ayesigxili, ayesilinganiselwa ku-15 g.
Umbala pink, uhlangothi olubhekene nelanga ngokuvamile lunombala ogqamile. Ubukhulu besikhumba buncane futhi bumbozwe ngendwangu encane ye-wax. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akuthinti ukunambitheka, kanye namathambo, okungekho esithelweni.
Ngokuvamile, ukubukeka okubonakalayo nokunambitheka kakhulu kuyizinzuzo ezinhle zalezi zihlukahlukene.
Isithombe
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Abavinini bewayini abaningi banandaba usayizi omkhulu uhlaza Rizamata, okubangela izinkinga ezinkulu.
Okuhle kakhulu kusengaphambili, lapho ukhetha isihlalo, isikhala esanele esikhaleni. Kubuye kulandele ukuthi ukutshala okulodwa kungcono kakhulu kulezi ezihlukahlukene, kude nezinye izinhlobo.
Uma le nketho ingenakwenzeka, bese uyihlwanyela ngokweqile ngokulandelana, ihamba ngamamitha angu-6 ukusuka kwezinye izihlahla. Uma uhlala eduze nezakhiwo, khona-ke hamba kusukela kusisekelo samaminithi angama-1. Ukutshala kungcono engxenyeni eseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga yesakhiwo sangasemuva.
Ngokuqondene nokukhetha isikhathi sokufika, khona-ke kukhona izinketho ezimbili, futhi ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezinkinga.
Isitshalo semifino okungcono kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenkathi izithombo zingenakuqothula, zizoxhomeka kakhulu emswakeni nasekuvikeleni. Nokho, eqinisiwe kahle, isihlahla sizokwazi ukulungiselela kangcono iqhwa lasebusika.
Ukutshala kwekwindla kungcono ukuchitha phakathi no-Okthoba, lapho isitsha sesifinyelelo sifinyelele esikhathini sokuphumula kanti isimo sezulu asibanda kakhulu. Ukutshala ekwindla kuzonikeza umhlabathi omningi we-hydrated futhi ususe isidingo sokunisela okukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nentwasahlobo. Futhi kusukela ebusika isithelo asikhule, lokhu kuzoqinisekisa isimo esiphephile sesitshalo kuze kufike entwasahlobo.
Ngokuvamile, kuneziningana amathiphu ayisisekelo ngokunakekela iRizamat:
- Kubalulekile ukuphuza izithelo zomvini ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokubhakaza nokubunjwa kwamajikijolo ezandleni;
- Ungadli amanzi ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwe-shrub, ukumba izimbobo ezincane zokuphuza, ezakhiwe futhi zihlanganiswe;
- Ngokukhululekile ukutshala amagilebhisi ngezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-potassium phosphate;
- Ungakhohlwa ngokuqothula isihlahla bese uqeda ama-stepons;
- Ungalokothi unqabe ukufihla izihlahla ebusika, ngoba amakhaza azowabulala kalula lezi zitshalo.
Ukuvikelwa kwezifo
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukukhula okuhle Amagilebhisi ukuvikelwa kwawo ezinambuzane nezifo.
Indlela enhle futhi elula yokuvikela e-oidium (lapho i-Rizamata ikwazi ukuqina khona) kuyoba yi-agrotechnical izindlela eziqinisekisa ukuthi umoya omuhle wezitshalo (i-garter of shoots, isifiso). Ithuluzi elibalulekile futhi lilwa nokhula, ungawavumeli ukuba akhule phezu kwesihlahla samagilebhisi akho.
Mayelana nemishini yokuzivikela yamakhemikhali, kungcono ukufeza impova ye-prophylactic yamahlumela nge-sulfur powder. Lena indlela endala kakhulu eseyasebenza. Ukwelashwa kwe-fungicidal kwezitshalo nakho kuyasebenza kakhulu.
Ubanjwe kathathu ngonyaka: owokuqala - lapho amahlumela efinyelela ku-20 cm ubude; okwesibili - nje ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza; okwesithathu emva kwesikhathi sokubhakabhaka, lapho amajikijolo ekhula aze afane ne-pea. Kulezi zidakamizwa eziphakanyisiwe zingahlukaniswa: iHorus, i-Tiovit Jet, i-Strobe, i-Topaz.
Ungakhohlwa ukwenza ukuvimbela izifo ezinjengesihlungu, i-anthracnose, i-chlorosis ne-bacteriosis. Akumangalisi ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokumelene nomdlavuza webhaktheriya nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokubola.
Ekuphetheni, singaphetha ngokuthi Rizamat - izinhlobo ezahlukene zemagilebhisi ezingcolile. Ukunakekela kwakhe kuzodinga isikhathi esiningi nomzamo. Kodwa ngenxa yomsebenzi wakho onzima, uzobuyisela ukuvunwa okucebile kwesethulo esiphezulu nokunambitheka. Futhi ngokuthuthukiswa kwezindlela zokuvikelwa, ukunakekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo sekuye kwaba nzima njengoba ngaphambili.
