Igama lesitshalo, i-Crassula, lihunyushwe kusuka kwisiLatini ngokuthi amafutha. Leli gama elijwayele kakhulu, i-bastard, elimnandi elitholakalayo ngenxa yamagatsha amakhulu kanye neziqu. I-Jade ihlukile: izitshalo zonyaka ezingapheli nonyaka, izitshalo ze-herbaceous nezihlahla.
Iningi livela e-Afrika, ezinye izinhlobo zise-Australia kanye nesiqhingi saseTasmania. Ekhaya likhula emaxhaphozini nasezintabeni ezinde.
I-Crassula ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalandeli bezitshalo zangaphakathi. Ifomu elivame kakhulu e-floristry yasekhaya - Crassula Portulacus. Uyathandwa njengomhlobiso, ukukhula okusheshayo nokuzithoba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkolelo eziningi zihlobene nalesi sitshalo.
Izici zeCracula Portulacus
Amahlamvu
Ngokungahambisani nendawo, izilwane, kancane kancane zinyanyiswe phakathi. Ifomu lifana ne-ellipse, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, elikhanyayo.
Umgqomo
I-Smooth, iyanciphisa iminyaka futhi ingafinyelela ku-30 cm ububanzi.
Usayizi
Ikhula ngokushesha, ingafinyelela kumamitha amabili ukuphakama. Ama-specimens anjalo ahlelekile, anezihlahla ezifana nomuthi.
Ukuphila
Abesifazane besintu bahlala isikhathi eside, kuze kube ngu-10-15 iminyaka. Ngokuvamile kukhona amakhophi amadala.
Izimbali
Izimbali ziyi-sunshade ephakathi. Bayizizwe zodwa, ezingabonakali, ezimhlophe. Ezimweni zesikamelo cishe azikho izimbali.
Ukuhlanza Portulakova ekhaya
Izindlu zendlu zitholakala ezimbizeni ezihlukene nasemabhokisini ekwenzeni izithako ezihlukahlukene. Kungatshalwa njenge-bonsai.
Ukutshala nokufakelwa kabusha emva kokuthenga
Njengazo zonke izitshalo zokuhlobisa, I-Crassoul kufanele ihambisane nezimo ezintsha. Ngakho-ke, ukuletha esitolo, isikhathi esithile sigcinwe enhlabathini endala ethengwe.
Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, lesi sitshalo sisuswa ngokucophelela ebhodweni lobuchwepheshe, sithuthukiswa emhlabathini futhi sitshaliselwa endaweni esilungisiwe, lapho ihlelwe ngaphambili epanini lokuhambisa amanzi embizeni.
Uhlelo lwempande lokuzingela alukwakhiwa, ngakho bayalithatha ibhodlela elingajulile. Lesi sitshalo sibekwe phakathi futhi senezwe ngobumnene kusuka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Amanzi nendawo ngezinsuku ezimbalwa endaweni epholile, evikelekile ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Bese kufakwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Esikhathini esizayo, lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kuphela uma kunesidingo, uma izimpande zigcwele.
Ground
Owesifazane onamafutha akafuneki emhlabathini, njengoba atholakala ikakhulukazi enhlabathini empofu ekhaya. I-substrate kulula ukuyilungisa kusuka ezilinganisweni ezilinganayo ze-turf land, humus nesihlabathi. Konke lokhu kuyasiza ukuxuba izingcezu ezincane zamalahle.
Ukunisela
Owesifazane okhululekileyo uthanda ukuchelela okuningi, kodwa ngezikhathi eziphakathi kokunisela okunjalo inhlabathi enobuthi kufanele ime ngokuphelele. Ebusika, ukunciphisa kuncishisiwe futhi, ngaphambi kokuphuza isitshalo ngemuva kokumisa, linda izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
Umswakama
I-Crassula ikhula kahle ngomswakama ojwayelekile wezindlu, kodwa ayikwazi ukugcinwa eduze namabhethri phakathi nenkathi yokushisa. Emva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-7-10, kuyasiza ukuthi owesifazane ahlele ukugeza okuhlanzekile.
Umquba
Ukondla kwenziwa ehlobo kanye ngenyanga, Kufanelekile kulomanyolo we-cacti. Ngokungafani nezimbali eziningi zasekhaya, i-crassula ihlwanyelwa ebusika, futhi kanye ngenyanga, kodwa kuphela isigamu umthamo womanyolo.
Imodi yokukhanya
UCracula portulacata uhlala ngokumangalisayo eningizimu-ntshonalanga noma ewindini eliseningizimu. Akudingeki ngisho nokuvikelwa elangeni. Ibekezelela ukukhishwa okulula. Ingahle ifakwe ngaphakathi ekamelweni lapho ikhanyiswa ngezibani.
Imodi yokushisa
I-Crassula ikhula emvelweni ezindaweni ezinokushisa okungajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ayibekezelelani ukushisa okuqinile emazingeni okushisa, ama-20-25 degrees ehlobo kanti ngo-12-15 ebusika iyoba ngcono. Emazingeni okushisa kakhulu, owesifazane onamafutha uveza amaqabunga ayo, futhi emakhazeni, izimpande zawo zibola.
Ukudubula
Ukwenza isihlahla esihle esihle phakamisa phezulu kwesitshalo.
Izindlela zokuzala
Cuttings
I-crassula yokuzala ayibangeli izinkinga. Indlela ethandwa kakhulu yiyonaukuxhunyelelwa. Entwasahlobo, ama-cuttings anqunywe futhi amile phakathi nosuku. Khona-ke zigxilile. Lokhu kungenziwa emanzini, futhi ungakwazi ngokushesha ukufaka emhlabathini omanzi futhi umboze nge-jar ingilazi. Uma izithelo zigxila emanzini, zitshalwe emhlabathini emva kokuvela kwezimpande.
Owesifazane onamafutha kulula ukusakaza ishidi. Le nqubo ifana nokukhiqizwa yi-cuttings. Leli qabunga lihlukaniswe nesitshalo somzali, elifakwa enhlabathini enomanzi futhi igcwele imbiza. Kumele kuvulwe njalo ukuze kukhishwe izitshalo bese kuqeda i-condensate egcwala ingilazi. Inqubo efanayo yenziwa lapho kukhishwa izinhlanzi. Ukudubula okusha kubonakala phansi kweqabunga. Ishidi elidala lihlelwa ngokucophelela kuphela emva kokuvela kwamashidi amaningana esitshalweni esisha.
Imbewu
Imbewu ye-Crassula ayitholakali isakazwe ngembewu, imbewu ayitholakali ekhaya, cishe ayitholakali emakethe. Uma kusengenzeka, imbewu ihlwanyelwa esitsheni esingajulile kumgudu wesimanzi bese uyimboza ngilazi.
Imbewu ihluma emavikini amabili, lapho inhlabathi ihlale iswakanyiswa khona, ukutshala kokutshala, futhi ingilazi isuswa njalo. Ngemva kokuvela amaqabunga amabili noma amathathu, izithombo zitshalwe ezimbizeni ezingunaphakade.
Izifo nezinambuzane
- Izifo eziyinhloko zenyama enamafutha zihlobene neziphambeko ekunakekeleni:
- ukubola kwempande: kwenzeka ngenxa yomanyolo obuningi nokuqukethwe ekushiseni okuphansi; lesi sitshalo sitshalwe endaweni entsha noma siswe ekamelweni elifudumele;
- amaqabunga aphikisayo nokubwinya: kwenzeka ngokungaxhunyiwe komswakama; ukunciphisa ukuchelela, ukufakelwa uma kudingekile;
- Ukwelula amahlumela nokuyeka amaqabunga: ngokuntuleka kokukhanyisa; gqoka ifenisha eleningizimu noma eleningizimu-ntshonalanga, u-pritenyaya okokuqala.
- Izinambuzane:
- i-mealybug
- isihlangu;
- isicabucabu
AbaseKolose abavame ukuthinteka izinambuzane., kodwa uma lokhu kwenzeka, ngakho-ke ngokunqotshwa esiteji sokuqala, kusetshenziselwa amakhambi omuntu: hlanza insipho, faka eshaweni emaminithini ambalwa, ukumboza phansi ngefilimu, usula ngendwangu egcwele i-vodka. Uma izenzo ezinjalo zingakhishwa ngempumelelo, bese uqhubeka nezindlela zamakhemikhali zomzabalazo.
Ngokusho kukaFeng Shui kanye nomuntu omncane, umuntu othungathayo uletha ingcebo ebonakalayo endlini. Ngakho-ke, libizwa nangokuthi "umuthi wemali".
I-Crassula iyasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka, ukuphuma ekucindezelekeni, kusiza ekuvimbeleni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, kubonisa umsebenzi we-antiviral.
Isithombe
Ngaphezu kwalokho ungajwayele isithombe sePolsyanka Portulakova:
