I-cherry ye-Felt (i-Prunus tomentosa) i-shrub eMpumalanga Ekude ayikhuphuki ngaphezu kwamamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Ngenxa yezithelo ezinhle zakuqala kanye nezithelo ezincane ezivuthiwe ezikhuliswa abalimi eRussia, e-Ukraine naseBelarus. Izithelo ze-cherries eziqothileyo zincane kunama-cherry ajwayelekile, kodwa cishe cishe ayikho i-asidi ayinqobe uthando lwawo wonke umuntu. Ama-cherries aphelile adliwa fresh, aqhwaqwe ebusika, abilisiwe kusuka kubo, ama-jams kanye nama-compotes. Lesi sitshalo silula ekunakekeleni nasekutshalweni futhi singabambeki kakhulu.
Izifo ezivamile ze-cherry eziqothukile
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuya ngaphandle engadini, sibona ukuthi izinguquko ezingathandeki zenzeka nge-cherry ezwayo. Ukukhathazeka ukuthi kungani amaqabunga e-cherry esomile futhi izithelo ezingenazintambo ziwela phansi, sinquma ukuthi isitshalo siyagula. Ama-cherries angama-felt angagula nge-moniliasis, ukucinana kanye ngezinye izikhathi coccomycosis. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zangaphandle zesifo zifana kakhulu, kepha ukuze ukhethe ukwelashwa okulungile, udinga ukuthola isifo esifanelekile. 
Izinambuzane zingahlala emaqabunga asitshalo. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe izifo eziyinhloko zama cherries kanye namayeza abo. Ukuze uthole impendulo esheshayo izifo zegadi, isitoreji sokuqala sesigadi kufanele sihlanganise: I-Bordeaux ingxube noma i-sulphate yethusi, i-hydrated lime ne-gard var, amalungiselelo asekelwe ku- "Fundazole" nokuba khona kwamafungicides. Izinambuzane kufanele zihlale zikhona.
Uyazi? Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuheha izinyoni ukulwa nezinambuzane engadini. Izinyoni udinga ukufaka izindlu zezinyoni kanye nabasondli.
I-Moniliasis (i-monilial burn)
I-cherry i-Felt iyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba, ngakho-ke izifo azivamile futhi zivakashele ngokungenasici. Isitshalo esincane esingavumelani nesifo, esibizwa ngokuthi ukushisa okukhulu
Izibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo zibonwa ngokuhlola okubukwayo kwe-shrub. Ukuqhekeka okuncane kubonakala kumagxolo, i-gom iqala ukugeleza kusuka kubo. I-Gum iyimithi ephilayo enamathele, noma ngabe i-resin yezinkuni. I-Gum ivela emagqabeni omuthi kuphela uma umonakalo owenziwe ngomshini kumagxolo. Izimbali namaqabunga ama cherry aphelile futhi aphuzi, amagatsha kancane kancane aqala ukuma. Kuyinto monilioz cherry. Ngaphandle, kuyafana kakhulu nokuthi amagatsha aqhwaza ngamahlumela ebusuku abuyelekayo noma umlimi wensimu ehlaselwe izidakamizwa zamakhemikhali futhi ashise isitshalo. 
Isizathu senhlekelele yilapho kuthuthukiswa amakhowe aseMonilia. Ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kuyashesha, kwakha ngokushesha futhi kuthelela amagatsha aphilile ngezinhlamvu zefungus. Futhi manje phakathi kwemifino ekhanyayo ekhanyayo ibonakala sengathi ifile egcwele amaqabunga amahlamvu anamile. Uma ungaqali ukwelashwa, isitshalo esinjalo sizofa.
Siqala ukwelashwa kwe-cherries ezwayo kusuka ku-moniliosis:
- Okokuqala, sihlola ngokucophelela izidakamizwa ezigulayo, sibheke ukushisa emagqumeni futhi silahle wonke amagatsha anezifo zalesi sifo. Amagatsha aphethwe yi-Sawed athathwa ngaphandle kwendawo engadini futhi ashiswa.
- Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, i-shrub iphonswe ngaleli khambi: 10 g we "Fundazol", "i-Topaz" noma "i-Topsina" ichitheka ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
- Uma entwasahlobo imvula futhi idonsa, ukupompa kufanele kuphindiwe ngesonto (ngasekuseni kokuqhakaza).
- Ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-moniliosis, ukwelapha okwalandela kwesigubhu esibulalayo kudingeka kwenziwe ekwindla kanye nentwasahlobo elandelayo enezixazululo ezinjalo:
- Lesi sitshalo sihlanjululwa nge-3% ye-Bordeaux ingxube noma isisombululo se-sulfate se-3%.
- Ukuphalaza ngamalungiselelo afanayo, kodwa isisombululo sabo se-1% sithathwe.
Uyazi? UMonilioz waqothula ama cherries - lesi sifo asijabulisi kakhulu, futhi uma ushiya isitshalo ngaphandle kokusika izihlahla futhi ukwelashwa, ngokuqinisekile kuzofa.
Klesterosporiosis
I-Klesterosporiozom ikakhulukazi ihlushwa izihlahla zezithelo zamatshe nezitshalo. I-plum, i-peach izihlahla kanye ne-apricot zithinteke kalula, kodwa amasiko angakhazimuki angama-cherry ne-felt cherry. Igama lesibili lalesi sifo yi-spotting perforated. I-fungus i-Clasterosporium carpophilum yi-agent causative yama-nodules. Ukubola, ukubola izinkuni kanye nokufudumala, isimo sezulu esinomhlabathi yizindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokuzalisa ama-mushroom spores. Ama-spores of the fungus awalahlekelwa amandla abo ebusika.
Lapho nje ukushisa kwentwasahlobo kuphakama ngaphezu kuka-4 ° C nokuqhaqhaqhwa kweqhwa namaconsi aqala - ama-spores we-fungus abe esebenzayo futhi afane nokwandisa i-mycelium ngesimo semisundu ensundu emagatsheni aphethwe amagciwane kanye namafihlezi avuvukayo. Izinambuzane kanye nezinsiza ezisakaza umoya futhi zithelele izitshalo ezinempilo. I-infestation yensimu kwenzeka ngaphakathi kweviki, ngoba i-klyasterosporiosis inenkathi encane kakhulu yokugxilwa - kuze kube yizinsuku ezine. Ngesikhathi sehlobo kukhona ukuthuthukiswa kwezizukulwane ezingu-3-4 zefungus. 
Izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo zibonakala njengamabala obomvu noma obomvu-amaqabunga emaqabunga e-cherries ezwayo. Phakathi nesonto, izicubu eziphakathi nendawo ezithintekile zimila futhi zithola ubuthongo obwanele, futhi amaqabunga amancane (kuze kube ngu-2 mm) emigodini ehlala emaqabunga. Emaphethelweni emgodini, emaphethelweni weticubu zamashidi aphelile, umngcele omnyama utholakele. Lokhu kuyimbonakaliso ye-phytosteriasis evela kwezinye izifo ze-fungal.
Imifantu ivela ku-cortex yezitshalo eziphethwe i-klesterosporosis, lapho i-gum ihamba khona (into ephilayo efana ne-gum). I-shrub efihlekile ethinteka yi-mycelium ibumnyama futhi ifa, futhi umbala uyoma futhi uphazamise. I-Cherry yoma, ihamba ngemuva kokukhula, ingaphansi kweqabunga elingaphansi futhi ihamba phambili ishiya amaqabunga ekwindla, ngokungafani nezitshalo ezinempilo.
Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kwe-cholesterol:
- Sikhetha ukutshala izinhlobo ezingahambisani ne-phytosteriasis.
- Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi sinquma izimpande. Ngokugwema ukuqina, ngaleyo ndlela sivimbela iziqhumane zezifo ze-fungal.
- Lesi sitshalo siyoba namandla futhi siphelele uma sigculiswa futhi siphuziswa ngesikhathi.
- Ngemuva kokusika izihlahla esibheka ukulimala komshini nge-pitch pitch.
- Ekwindla sisusa amaqabunga awela phansi kanye nezinyamazane - izinambuzane kanye nezinhlamvu ze-fungal zingabhekwa phansi.
Spring yenza izindlela ezintathu zokulima:
- Ukufaza i-Bordeaux ingxube (kumagatsha angenalutho).
- Ukuze izinso ezivulekile kancane, ukwelashwa neKuproksat.
- Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwesibili futhi "Kuproksat" emva kwezinsuku ezingu-14.
Kubalulekile! Ukwelashwa kokugcina kwamakhemikhali kwenziwa ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingu-21 ngaphambi kokukhetha amajikijolo.
Coccomycosis
Lesi sifo sifike ekhulwini lokugcina emazweni aseScandinavia nasezihlahleni ze-cherry. Lesi sifo singumfutho, sijabule yi-fungus-parasite, sihlala futhi sizalana emaqabunga e-cherry. Amaqabunga omuthi onegciwane aphuzi, ahlanganiswe namabala amnyama futhi awela phansi esihlahleni ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ekulweni ne-coccomycosis, ukwelashwa kwe-fungicidal okuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlamvu ze-fungal futhi ekugcineni ubhubhise usizo.
Ama-cherries e-Felt asuke angathinteki yi-coccomycosis, kodwa uma lokhu kwenzeka, siphatha lesi shrub ngokupuniza nge-fungicides. 
Ukunakekelwa kwegadini, ukusika ngesikhathi esifanele kwamagatsha ama-cherry azwayo kanye nokwelapha nge-fungicides kanye ne "Fundazole" ekuvimbeleni izifo - lokhu kuyisisekelo sempilo yensimu yezithelo ze-cherry.
Izifo zePocket
Isifo esithintekayo esine-cherry, esibangelwa izinhlamvu ze-Taphrina ukhunta, ibukeka njenge-ovary engahlosiwe nge-cherry. Izitshalo eziqhambileyo zakha izithelo ngaphandle kwethambo futhi ziyizikhwama ezihlanganisiwe. Lezi "pockets" yilabo ababeletha ama-mushroom spores. Ngisho nangemva kokumiswa, lezi amajikijolo ziwumthombo wokutheleleka. Kubalulekile ukususa esitshalweni bese ushisa amajikijolo abathintekile, futhi uphathe isitshalo esibulalayo nge-fungicides systemic. 
Indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane eziyinhloko ze-cherry
Imindeni ye-Mouse iyinhlanhla enkulu ye-cherries ezwayo. Bashaya bhinqa ehlathini ebusika. I-crust ephansi kweqhwa iphuma yonakaliswa, njengoba imigudu yegundane iminyango yayo kanye nemigudu eya esitshalini nayo iphinde ngaphansi kwesihenqo seqhwa.
Izindlela zokulawula izintambo
Ngekuwa, izihlahla ze-shrub zimbozwe ngethusi elenziwe kahle, izinhlanzi ezinobuthi zibekwe eduze kwe-cherries. Ebusika, iqhwa, eliseduze nemibuthano ye-pristvolny, isinyathelwe endaweni engamitha. Ekupheleni kwebusika, iqhwa lisuswa ngokuphelele esihlahleni sehlathi.
I-Plum moth
Izinambuzane ezinambuzane aziphanga kuphela amapulazi, kodwa futhi nezinye izithelo, hhayi ukunqamula ukunakwa kwazo izithelo zama cherry ezizwayo. Izibungu eziphahlazekayo zidla emgqonyeni wezithelo, ama-gum ahlaselwa ezitshalweni eziqunyiwe, izithelo ezifuthiwe azikhuli, amajikijolo ama cherry kancane kancane ayeka nokukhula. Phakathi nenkathi efudumele ensimini ingakhula izizukulwane eziningana zezimbongolo. Ukulwa nokubulala izinambuzane kufanele kuqale ngokushesha nje lapho inqwaba yezinundu ziqala.
Indlela yezinto eziphilayo
Ungakwazi ukulenga izicupho zezimvemvane. Engadini, amathangi ane-compotes amnandi, lapho i-glue yengezwa khona, ifakwa futhi iboshelwe ezihlahleni. Ama-butterflies aya ephofini bese efa egumbini. Izicupho zihlanzwa nsuku zonke ezivela ezinambuzaneni ezifile bese zithelela zifaka phakathi kwazo. Ngakho sizokuvikela i-cherry ezwayo emabhodleleni emilenze.
Indlela yamakhemikhali (zokwelapha ezimbili zenziwa)
- Ukwelashwa kokuqala ngokushesha emva kokuqhakaza, lapho i-ovary yesithelo iqala ukugcwalisa, ngamalungiselelo okuthi "Decis" noma "Alatar". Sichitha isizukulwane sokuqala senundu.
- Ukusifiphaza kwesibili kwenzeka enyangeni yesithathu kaJulayi. Phatha ngezidakamizwa "Karbofos" noma "Kinmiks." Lokhu kuphalaza sihlanza insimu kusukela kwesizukulwane sesibili senundu.
Aphid
Ngangaki okumele umuntu abone engadini ukuthi i-underside yamaqabunga omuthi we-cherry ugcwele izinambuzane ezincane ezimnyama. Kwabonakala i-aphid nge-cherry. I-Aphid ithela isitshalo sesitshalo, iyanciphisa futhi ivule indlela yezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Ungakwazi ukulwa nama-folk method:
- Hlanganisa izihlahla ezihlahleni ezithintekayo nesisombululo somlotha. Ukulungisa isisombululo, ibhodlela elilodwa-litre lezinkuni lithengwa ngamalitha amahlanu amanzi bese lifaka amahora angu-24.
- Kuhle kusiza ukwelashwa kwamaqabunga abathintekile nge-sophu okukhishwayo. Insipho yensipho yokuhlanza imfucuza ihlutshiwe ku-grater futhi ithululelwe ngamanzi afudumele ngevolumu yama-10 amalitha. Lapho insipho ishulwa ngokuphelele emanzini, ungaqala ukucubungula.
- Ama-apidi ezitshalo zezitshalo atshalwa "abelusi" bawo - izintuthwane. Ukuze uzivimbele ekusakazeni ama-aphid ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni, izicupho zihlanganiswe ezitshalweni zezitshalo, ezihlanganiswe ne-glue. Izintuthwane zinamathele futhi azikwazi ukuwela lesi sithintelo. Umuthi uhlala ungabanjwanga ama-aphid.
- Ama-aphid awakuthandi ukufiphaza ama-infusions kumaqabunga kagwayi, i-yarrow, amazambane kanye nama-tomato phezulu. Ukumnika noma iyiphi yalezi zitshalo kulungiselelwe kanje: isigamu ibhakede lemifino echotshoziwe ligcwala futhi lithululwa phezulu phezulu ngamanzi abilayo. Cover futhi uqhubeke izinsuku ezimbili. Ukumnika ukulungele ukusebenzisa.
Ungasebenzisa i-insecticide "Iskra" noma "uMlawuli". Ukulungiselela ukubhubhisa ama-aphid namacimbi bese kuvikela izitshalo eziphathwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo.
I-Plum (Pocket) iMite
I-poite mite, ehlala kuma-cherries azwile, idla ngokusanhlamvu kwamaqabunga amancane, ngaleyo ndlela ibe negalelo ekufeni nasekufeni kwesitshalo esikhathini esizayo. Uma, uma ubheka uzwa ama-cherries, kukhona amaqabunga aphethe "ama-warts", kusho ukuthi isihlahla sinegciwane.
Iphumelela kakhulu empini yokulwa nokwelashwa kwamanzi abilayo ngesihlahla. Lezo zokwelashwa zenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngisho nangaphambi kokuphuza amaqabunga, ukucubungula ngamagatsha angenalutho kungenzeka. Amanzi ashisayo (cishe amanzi abilayo) athululelwa emanzini okuhambisa amanzi nge-diffuser kumswakama futhi aniselwa ngamabhasi aphethwe ngamakhiza (eduze kwamagatsha).
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu ungaphinda ukucubungula. Lokhu kuvame ngokwanele. Lapho lesi sitshalo sikhula, kubalulekile ukuyiphatha ngezinambuzane ("Aktara" noma "iKarate"). Ekubeni, udoti lweqabunga luqoqwa ngokucophelela kusuka ku-shrub, kanti ngo-Okthoba udinga ukumba umhlabathi esivumelwaneni esiseduzane nesitshalo. Zonke lezi zinyathelo ngeke zinike amathuba okubamba ubusika.
Isikhwama sephepha
Izibungu zamaphevefri ezinamaphiko zihlala futhi zidla izitshalo nezihlahla. Izibungu zinama-2 cm ngobukhulu, ngombala oluhlaza noma obomvu. Ngentwasahlobo, bayaluma ngaphakathi kwamahlumela noma amaqabunga esihlahla, ehlobo badla amaqabunga nezithelo. Izihlahla ezinesifo se-Leaf zibonakala kalula ngamaqabunga aphethwe.
- Ukuze silwe nama-leafworms, kudingeke ukuba kuhlolwe ngokucophelela izitshalo, ukubhujiswa kwamagatsha aphethwe amaqanda-ukubeka, amaqabunga anamaphuphu aphikisiwe abe yi-tube aphukile futhi ashiswa.
- Lapho izinga lokushisa entwasahlobo selungulwa ngenhla +4 ° ะก, phatha izitshalo nomuthi "Prophylactin". Isixazululo senziwa ngesilinganiso: 0.5 l wezidakamizwa nge 10 l amanzi. Lesi silinganiso sanele ukucubungula amahlumela amathathu noma amane ama-cherries azwile.
- Uma sekwephuzile ngokuphuzwa kwentwasahlobo kanti izimbungu sezivele sezixazululwe emaqabunga kanye namaqabunga esihlahla, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa nge-pyrethroids. Imithi efanelekayo efana ne "Ivanhoe", "AltAlf", "Isivumelwano", "Alfatsin", "Alfashans", "Tsi-Alpha", "Fatrin", "Fastak". Isixazululo sokusebenza nalezi zilungiselelo senziwa ngesisekelo sokubala: 10 ml amanzi ngamanzi ayi-3 ml yokulungiselela, sebenzisa ekushiseni kwemoya okungabi ngaphezu kuka -25 ° C. Ekushiseni kwezidakamizwa akuphumelelanga.
- Ukufafaza emaqabunga e-shrub nge-Insegar, ukukhula kwezinambuzane kanye nokulawula ukuthuthukiswa, kunikeza umphumela omuhle. Into esemqoka ukufeza ukwelashwa ngaphambi kwehlobo elikhulu le-butterfly le-moth ukuze i-egg-laying ihlelwe emaqabeni aphathwe.
Kubalulekile! Ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo aqukethe ama-pyrethroid angabangela ukukhiqizwa kwamakhanithi okungalawulwa engadini.
Indlela yokuvikela ama-cherries ezwayo ezivela ezinambuzane nezifo: izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Ukuze ufinyelele konke okushiwo ngenhla, imisebenzi elandelayo iyadingeka ukuze ukhule ingadi enempilo:
- Ukwelashwa okuvimbela izitshalo ngemikhiqizo yokulawula izinambuzane.
- Ukwelashwa kwama-cherry ezwayo ezifweni kanye nezilokazane ezinamakhemikhali namakhemikhali.
- Ukunquma kwamagatsha ekwindla nokuhlanza ngokucophelela kwensimu kusuka emahlamvu kanye nezithelo eziwile.
- Ukumba imibuthano ye-pristvolnyh ebusika, ebulala izinambuzane zasebusika emhlabathini.
