Ukuqoqwa nokugcinwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-apula: lapho ukuqoqa nokuthi yiziphi izithelo zokushiya ebusika?

I-Orchard - ukuziqhenya kwabanikazi bezindlu zangasese. Ama-apula e-Organic, ahlulwe emithini yawo, abonakala sengathi ayenze. I-autumn yisikhathi esinzima kakhulu sabalimi.

Ngalesi sikhathi, izithelo zemifino eminingi yokuvuthwa. Izinhlobo ze-autumn ze-apula zivuthwe ngo-September.

Kusukela kulo mzuzu kubalulekile ukunakekela ukuqoqwa nokugcinwa kwesitshalo.

Ibonisa izinhlobo zale nkathi

Ama-apula ungenye yamasiko amadala kakhulu akhulile abantu. Kuye ngesikhathi sesithelo sokuvuthwa, bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu: ehlobo, ekwindla nasebusika. Izinhlobo zamaphakathi (ekwindla) zinethonya elihle empilweni. kanye nesimo jikelele somuntu.

Unomphumela we-diuretic ne-choleretic, ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwekhalori ephansi esetshenziselwa ukudla okunomsoco. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwezithelo nge-high content ye-fibre kuthuthukisa ukugaya, kukhulula ukuqotshwa. Ama-apula anensimbi, i-potassium, i-glucose ne-sucrose, i-pectin.

Izinhlobo ze-autumn ziphakathi kwehlobo nobusika. Bazoba nesikhathi sokufinyelela ekuvuthweni kwabathengi esihlahleni. Ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-10-12 emva kokuvuna. Lezi zithelo zinobukhulu obujwayelekile, umbala ogqamile, ukunambitheka okumnandi kwe-dessert.

Okuvamile kakhulu

1. Ukuchofoza noma i-autumn emigqa - enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Ukubaluleka okufanelwe ukulungiswa okukhulu kwesithelo. Izithelo ziphakathi noma zikhulu, isikhumba sincane, sibhebhezela, sine-waxy coating. Umbala ngesimo semivimbo ebomvu esizinda sangemuva. Inyama iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enamanzi, enomuncu. Uvusa ngo-Septhemba, amanga kuze kuDisemba.
2. I-Oryol emine - izithelo zinkulu, i-oblong, umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka nemicu eboshiwe yombala obomvu. Inyama imhlophe, iphunga elimnandi, elimuncu. Kufanele isuswe ngo-Septhemba, igcinwe esiqandisini izinyanga ezine.
3. I-Cinnamon igxiliwe - ama-apula angaphakathi noma amancane, umbala ngesikhathi sokususwa uhlaza noma ophuzi. Imivimbo ebomvu kancane kancane ivela. Ukwazisa inyama yethenda, ukunambitheka okumnandi nephunga elimnandi. Uqamba izinyanga ezimbili.

Izinsuku zokuqoqa

Kudingekile ukuqala ukuvuna ngesikhathi, i-lateness isongela ngokugwedla, futhi ngokushesha - ngokuntula ukunambitheka okucebile. Izinhlobo ze-Autumn zivuthwa ngokweqile ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti-Septemba. Asikho isimiso esivuthiwe sokuvuna, isikhathi sokuvuna sishintshwa kuye ngezimo zezulu zonyaka.

Kuyadingeka nini ukususa zonke izithelo ezivela ehlathini? Enye yezindlela zokunquma ukuthi ungakhetha nini i-apula ukulandela izithelo eziwa. Uma kukhona izithelo ezinhle emhlabeni, sekuyisikhathi sokuvuna.

Ukunemba kwezibonakaliso zokuvuthwa kuzosiza ekunqumeni umzuzu oqondile wokuvunwa kwe-apula:

• Cindezela esikhunjeni se-fetus bese ubona ukuphendula - uma kugobile futhi kungabonakaliswa, lokhu kuyisignali yokuvuthwa. Isembozo esiqhakazile sikhuluma ngokuvuthwa okukhulu, izithelo zifanele kuphela ukucubungula. Uma uboya ohlangothini luqondisiwe, i-apula idinga ukuvuthwa.
• Izithelo kufanele zithole umbala futhi zilalele izici zalolu hlobo.
• Izithelo ezivuthiwe zihlukaniswa kalula negatsha.
• Izithelo ngaphakathi kwesithelo zigcwele brown.

Izinga lokuvuthwa lihloswe ngokusebentisa isisombululo se-iodine esabela nge isitashi.:

1. uma ugoba ingxenye yesipula, i-cut cut becomes blue - izithelo azivuthiwe;
2. i-middle of the cut is yellow, futhi onqenqemeni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yisikhathi esihle;
3. I-Apple iphuzi - iphezulu kakhulu.

Abalimi bamasimu bakholelwa ukuthi izinhlobo zekwindla zingcono ukuqala ukuqoqa kancane kancane kunesikhathi sokungaphuthelwa umzuzu.

Indlela yokususa emthini: imiyalelo

Ukuthatha ama-apula kudinga ukunemba nolwazi lwezinto ezithile.. Isithelo sithathwa ngesundu, siyibeka ngeminwe. Ukuphakamisa ngokucophelela nokuphefumula, kukhishwa egatsheni kanye nesiqu. Awukwazi ukudonsa i-apple phansi, ibuhlungu igatsha, inciphisa isivuno sonyaka ozayo.

Ukusuka ezandleni zezithelo akukhiphi ngaphakathi kwitsheni yokuqoqa (ibhasikidi, ibhakede, ibhokisi), futhi kufakwe. Noma yikuphi ukushaqeka nokulimala komshini kuthinteka kakhulu emphefumulweni wokuphila.

Isithelo singqimba sokuzivikela esingokwemvelo ngesimo sokugqoka i-waxy. Lapho uyisula, ubuso be-apula buba yingozi kakhulu. I-Wax ivimbela ukubukeka kokubola.

Umsebenzi wokuqoqa ama-apula kwenzeka ngokulandelana okuthile.:

1. Usuku olucacile lukhethiwe uma izithelo zomile.
2. Ukulungiselela iziqukathi zokuqoqa nokugcina.
3. Kunconywa ukuthi basebenze ngamagilavu ​​we-textile.
4. Izithelo zokuqala ziqhekekile emagatsheni aphansi, phezulu kunqunywe ekugcineni.
5. Ukuvuna kuqala ngakwesokunene, futhi kuvuthwe ngokushesha ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga. Ingxenye esenyakatho ihlanzwa ezinsukwini ezingu-1-2.
6. Akunakwenzeka njalo ukuthola ama-apula emhlabathini, akufanele ukhuphuke amagatsha ukuze ungawaphuli. Ungasebenzisa isiteji.
7. Ukuze ususe izithelo ezivela emagatsheni aphezulu usebenzisa izithelo ezikhishwayo. Lesi isitsha sepulasitiki esinemigqa yokuqothula isitshalo. Bathenga umklamo esitolo noma benze ngesandla ngesandla samabhodlela epulasitiki bese banamathele.

Ukuvuna kufanele kucolile.bese athuthwa noma athunyelwe ukugcinwa.

Indlela yokususa izithelo zokugcina: yini esele?

Lapho beqala ukuvuna ama-apula ekwindla ezivela ezihlahleni, balungiselela iziqukathi ezimbili kusengaphambili: enye yezithelo ezinhle neziqine, enye enye ye-wormy ne-rotted (kufaka phakathi lezo ezikhethwe emhlabathini). Izithelo ezimileyo zingadliwa ngokushesha, futhi zonke zikhishwe ukuze zigcinwe ebusika.

Ngaphambi kokubeka isivuno emabhokisini okugcina kufanele kuhlelwe. Ukulinganisa ngosayizi kuya ezincane, eziphakathi nendawo ezinkulu kuzosiza ngokulinganayo ukusabalalisa izithelo emigqeni. Ama-apula ahlola futhi ashiye kuphela labo abahlangabezana nemigomo yesitoreji eside:

• unesiqu;
• akukho ukulimala kwendwanguzo, ama-wormholes, amazinyo;
• ukumboza kwe-wax endaweni.

Izinhlobo eziningana zingatshalwa ensimini., isikhathi sabo sokugcina sihlukile, ngakho bahlukaniswa uma bekhetha.

Ukuze kugcinwe isitoreji eside, kubalulekile ukunciphisa izinqubo ezithelweni. Lokhu kunomthelela ekushiseni okuphansi. Kungcono ukugcina ama-apula esiqandisini noma ngaphansi. Ikamelo kufanele lime, lihlanzeke, liphunga mahhala.

I-basement inconywa ukuthi i-lime ne-vitriol. Ukushisa okunamandla ekwindla yemvelo kungu-1-4 ° C. Kungcono ukufaka ama-apula endaweni eyodwa, usebenzisa ama-rack noma amabhokisi amapulangwe aphansi abekwe phezulu.

Izithelo ezincane ngokushesha zilahlekelwa yi-juiciness, futhi ezinkulu zivame izifo., basusa kuqala.

Ukugcina izithelo zihlanganiswe ephepheni. Lena indlela enengqondo, kodwa isikhathi esiningi. Kunesibalo esikhulu sokuvuna kunzima ukuphenduka. Izithelo zingathululelwa nge-sawdust ehlanzekile eyomile, i-anyanisi ikhasi, ngezinye izikhathi isebenzisa isihlabathi.

Ekhaya, ama-apula agcinwa ku-pantry, emgodini, emiphongolweni noma efrijini. Izinhlobo ze-Autumn kunoma yiziphi izimo aziqambi amanga ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu. Izinhlobo zasebusika zigcinwa kuze kufike entwasahlobo.

Ukunakekela isihlahla ebusika

Ngemva kokuqeda ama-apula, abalimi akudingeki baphumule. Kubalulekile ukulungiselela izihlahla zebusika. Izinyathelo ze-Agrotechnical zizosiza lesi sihlahla ukuba sisinde emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi sinike isivuno esikhulu ngonyaka ozayo. Iyini ukunakekelwa kwekwindla?:

1. Ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga, amagatsha amadala futhi aphukile asuswe. Abanye abanikazi bensimu baphatha lo msebenzi entwasahlobo. Udinga ukusika amagatsha ngethuluzi elibukhali, izindawo zokusika zimbozwe nge-garden pitch.

   Kusuka emagatsheni kuya esihlahleni. Kuzo ziqothule izimpande ze-moss ne-lichen. Ibhakede elidala lihlanza nge-brush yensimbi. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-apula kufanele sisakaze ukugoqa epulasitiki, kuyokwehlela izinambuzane ezinambuzane, kufihla ebusika.

2. Kusuka emhlabathini, susa wonke amaqabunga nezinsalela, bese uyibumba. Ukuze umuthi uphelele ebusika, kufanele udliwe futhi uphuze kahle. I-phosphates ne-potassium isetshenziselwa umanyolo.

   Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungasakazeka emhlabathini oseduze nomuthi ngaphambi kokuchelela. Kodwa kuphumelela kakhulu ukuyihlakaza emanzini. Ngomuthi owodwa, 50 g we potassium kanye ne-100 g ye-superphosphate ibhakede lamanzi liyadingeka.

   Ukuzithela kwe-autumn kufanele kusize izimpande zithole izakhi ezanele. Inhlabathi iyanamanzi ngoba ingekho ngaphansi kwe-1 m. Izinga lokunisela izihlahla ezincane lingama-50 amalitha, ngoba abantu abadala bangama-150 amalitha.

3. Ukuze unciphise ukuthuthwa kwamanzi umswakama futhi avikele izimpande kusuka frost kuzovumela mulching. Uhlobo, ama-humus, i-peat noma ama-shavings ahlanganiswe ngepulangwe. Ekwindla, umuthi uphathwa izinambuzane nezifo.

   Ukuze kuvikelwe, kuhlanzwa ngesisombululo se-urea ne-sulfate sulfate. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, umgqomo uvunyelwe. Ikhava livikela i-trunk ekuqhekekeni nasezinambuzane. Ukuhlanza okumhlophe kungathengwa esitolo noma kulungiselelwe nguwe. Kulokhu uzodinga:

   • 0.5 kg we-sulphate yethusi;
   • 0.3 kg wezinkuni glue;
   • 10 amalitha amanzi.

Uma wenza zonke izenzo ezidingekayo, i-apula izothuthukisa kalula ubusika.

Ama-apula ase-Autumn dolezat kuze kufike entwasahlobo, izithelo ezihlwabusayo nezempilo zidliwa kuqala. Izithelo eziqoqiwe ngesikhathi futhi zibekwe ezimweni ezinhle zigcinwa kuze kuJanuwari.. Kuwumthombo ohlala njalo we-pectin, izakhi zokulandelela kanye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi.