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Indlela yokutshala utamatisi ku-greenhouse unyaka wonke: izici zokunakekela ukwandisa isivuno

Ukulunywa utamatisi unyaka wonke kungenzeka! Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlomisa ukushisa okushisayo futhi uthole isikhathi sokunakekela izitshalo.

Ukuze uthole isivuno sokuqala samaholide omnyaka omusha, ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo kufanele kube ngoSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba. Ngalesi sikhathi kuzodingeka sebenzisa ukukhanyisa okwengeziwengoba kuyoba nemvelo encane kakhulu.

Lapho uhlwanyela imbewu ngoNovemba, ukuthuthukiswa okuyinhloko kwezihlahla kuzoba ngoJanuwari noFebhuwari, kanti izithelo zokuqala zizobe zisondele entwasahlobo. Kodwa isikhathi sokukhanya sizoqala ukwandisa, kukuvumela ukuba unciphise izindleko ze-doshochivanie yokufakelwa.

Izidingo zokushisa

Indlela yokutshala utamatisi ku-greenhouse unyaka wonke? Ngokuba imifino ekhulayo, ikakhulukazi, utamatisi, badinga ukushisa okufudumele nokukhanyayo. Kufanele kwenziwe ngeglasi elikhulu noma i-polycarbonate enobukhulu obungenani 4.5-5 mm. Akunconywa ukuba wenze izithombo zokugcina eziphakeme kakhulu, ekushiseni okunjalo kuyokhuphuka futhi iqoqe nxazonke.

Emaphethelweni ukushisa ukushisa kumele kuhlonywe kusukela obumba obunwetshiwe ukuvikela izitshalo ngesikhathi sokushisa okuqinile isikhathi eside. Ama-jumpers amafreyimu kufanele ahlelwe isikhathi eside ngecala lika-75-90 cm kusuka komunye nomunye. Le design izosiza ukugwema ukulimala ezindongeni ngesikhathi seqhwa elinzima.

I-greenhouse yokutshala utamatisi okhulayo unyaka wonke akufanele kube nje emhlabathini! Kunconywa ihlelwe phezu kwesikhulumi sokhuni kusuka emiphongolweni eminyene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ufuna ukwenza isisekelo sekhonkritha, esiphezulu lapho ubeka khona i-foam. Uma kungenjalo, izitshalo zingafisa lapho inhlabathi ibanda kakhulu.

I-greenhouse kumele ifakwe ukukhanya okuhle nokushisa. Ukuvuselela ngokuvamile lisetshenziswe izibani ze-sodium ne-fluorescent. Indlela yokuthola ukushisa okuluhlaza kulesi sakhiwo, funda kwi-website yethu.

Ekwindla igumbi kumele lilungiswe:

  1. Susa ukungcola nama-debris avela ku-greenhouse.
  2. Hlola yonke imishini kagesi, amapayipi, ukuxazulula izinkinga nokulungisa.
  3. Konke ubuso buhlanzekile isisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Ungakwazi ukugcoba igumbi elinemifanekiso emihlaza.

Izinhlobo ezifanelekayo

Uma ukhetha izinhlobo, ukhetho kufanele lunikezwe labo abahlangabezana nezimfuneko ezithile:

  • indeterminacy. Izihlahla zingaqaliswa ukuba zikhule, zisebenzisa indawo esiphezulu ekamelweni;
  • isivuno esikhulu;
  • Ukuqala kokuvuthwa kwezithelo zakuqala kanye kakhulu kakhulu;
  • izindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokunambitheka;
  • phezulu ukumelana nezifo ezihlukahlukene nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane ezilimazayo;
  • ukugcina isikhathi eside
Izinhlobo ezinjalo zihlanganisa: Utamatisi wesihlahla, i-Malyshok, i-Annabel, iDobrun, i-Flamenco, i-Pink Flamingo, i-Junior, i-Samara, i-Amber, i-Hurricane.

Isiphepho - ukunikela okuphezulu, ibanga elivuthiwe. Ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene, kunambitheka kakhulu nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-vitamin C.

Amber - okungafani okusheshayo, okukhiqizayo, ukumelana kakhulu nokulimala okuphelile kanye ne-macrosporosis (bheka isithombe ngezansi).

Samara - indeterminantny ebangeni elivuthiwe elibandayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwemvelo yonke, ukumelana kakhulu nezifo eziningi (bheka isithombe ngezansi).

Junior - ultra-fast, super hybrid super determinant. Uhluke ekumelaneni okuqinile nezifo eziningi kanye nokunambitha okuhle kwezithelo.

I-Pink Flamingo - ibanga elivuthiwe elivuthiwe. Inikeza utamatisi othakazelisayo kakhulu nesikhathi eside. Ukuphila kweShelf kungu-60-70 izinsuku (bheka isithombe ngezansi).

I-Flamenco - hybrid esivuthiwe esivuthiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo kuyingqayizivele, izakhiwo zokunambitha zihle kakhulu, isivuno siphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezihlukahlukene ziphikisana nezifo eziningi.

Dobrun - Ibanga le-indeterminantny lama-hybrid elinokumelana nezifo eziphezulu kanye nekhwalithi yokugcina kahle.

I-Octopus - ezihlukahlukene eziyingqayizivele utamatisi ezitshalwa esihlahleni. Uhlukana nomkhiqizo (bheka isithombe ngezansi).

Annabel - i-hybrid ehloniphekile ephezulu. Iphikisana kakhulu nezifo zonke eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye ne-gall nematodes.

Baby - ezihlukahlukene zakuqala superdeterminant, okuhloswe kuphela ukukhula in abamba ukushisa. I-hybrid ibonakala ngokumelene nezakhi zofuzo.

Okunye kunconywa ngezindawo zokugcina izithombo zohlobo lwezotamatisi, okwethulwa kwiwebhusayithi yethu: Ushokolethi, iKishmish, ikhasi elibomvu, iDome of Russia, Ukuziqhenya kweSiberia, Pink Impresn, Novice, Wonder of the World, uMongameli 2

Ukulungiswa komhlaba

Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, umhlabathi ungashintshwa ngenye entsha noma ungasebenzi nge-disinfected. Kulokhu Isixazululo se-manganese sisetshenziswa isilinganiso sokuhlushwa. Bawachitha ngokucophelela yonke inhlabathi.

Ngemuva kokuthi umhlaba umile, kunconywa ukuwugubha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umquba uyasetshenziswa ngobuningi 1.5-2 amabhakede ngomitha wesikwele isikwele. Kungashintshwa ngumndeni wezimpethu zaseCalifornia. Umsebenzi wabo uzothuthukisa i-porosity yenhlabathi futhi uzoyihlobisa njalo nge-biohumus.

Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthuthukisa inhlabathi ngamaminerali amaminerali. Lokhu okuyinkimbinkimbi elandelayo kulungiselelwa lokhu:

  • ithusi le-sulfate (5g);
  • I-Kalimagnezia (50g);
  • i-sulfate enefrimu (5g);
  • i-potassium chloride (30g);
  • i-superphosphate kabili (50g).
Uma utshala utamatisi emva kwamakhukhamba, esikhundleni somquba emhlabathini i-sawdust kufanele yenziwe noma i-sphagnum peat.

Ukwelapha umhlaba nge-fungicides kuzosiza ukuvimbela izinambuzane.

Izici zokunakekelwa

Indlela yokutshala utamatisi ku-abamba ukushisa ebusika? Esikhathini sokushisa, amahlumela amancane ashukunyiswa kuphela emva kokuba afinyelele ekuphakameni kwe-18-21 cm. Ngaphambi kwalokho, bona kudliwe izikhathi eziningana ingxube ye-phosphorus, i-nitrogen ne-potassium. Kuzo zokugcina izithombo kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa indlela yokukhwela ibhande.

Ibanga eliphakathi kwezibhande kufanele libe okungenani ngama-80 cm, phakathi kwezitshalo cishe ngo-55-65 cm. Kunconywa ukuba ubophe intambo noma ucingo eceleni kwebhande lokutshala okuhlwanyelwe ukuze izithombo zikhule ngokuqondile. Njengoba zikhula, zakha izihlahla ezivamile.ngokuqhuba ukuchofoza ngesikhathi esifanele.

Izinhlobo ezingapheli zenza ukudubula okulodwa, okunye - kokubili. Iziqongo zazo zonke iziqu ezengeziwe zivaliwe. Kunconywa ukuthi ususe wonke amahlamvu aphansi.

Ukushisa okuhle kwenhlabathi kungama-19ºC, umoya-23ºC-26ºC. Kungcono amanzi ngaphambi kokudla kwaseminiUkuthungatha umhlaba njengoba kumile. Njengoba kunomsoco ohlala njalo womswakama, ukuthuthukiswa kwamahlathi kumile, ukuwa kwama-ovari kanye nama-inflorescences kuqala. Ukukhulula inhlabathi phakathi kwezibhebhana naphansi kwehlathini kwenziwa njalo, sonke isikhathi sokuphila kwezitshalo.

Lapho ukhula utamatisi ebusweni bokushisa ebusika, kuyadingeka ukondla. Ngaphandle kokusungulwa okuqhubekayo kwezinsimbi zamaminerali emhlabathini, izitshalo ngeke zisathela izithelo futhi zikhule ngokugcwele.

Yondla ezihlabayo ezifiselekayo njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-13-15. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ingxube ye-ammonium nitrate (15g), superphosphate (40g) kanye nosawoti we-potassium (20g).

Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwe-inflorescences sebenzisa ukuhlushwa okungu-0.6% kwesisombululo sokusebenza, bese kwanda ku-1%. Izinga lokusetshenziswa - ibhakede lomdaka ngamamitha ayi squarep umhlabathi. Ukuze uqinisekise i-photosynthesis evamile ezimweni zokufakelwa, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubeke iziqukathi ezivulekile ezigcwele ingxube ye-mullein namanzi ku-greenhouse. Lokhu kuzocebisa umoya nge-carbon dioxide, okudingekayo ngenqubo ye-photosynthesis.

Lapho ukhulile emhlabathini ovulekile, izinyosi ziphefumula. Abasekho abamba ukushisa, ngakho-ke impova kuzodingeka ukukhiqiza ngokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ibhulashi ngalinye nezimbali lizanyazanyiswa kancane kancane, bese kuthiwa ngobumnene liphuze kusukela phezulu kokunisela.

Ukuthela

Umkhiqizo wezotamatisi ku-abamba abamba ukushisa onamitha ayi-1 square ngonyaka, ungaba ngu-50 ... 55 kg.

Ngokulondolozwa kahle nokudala izimo ezifanele kakhulu zezitshalo ezivela esihlahleni esisodwa ungakwazi ukuqoqa kusuka ku-11 kuya ku-24-26 kg wezithelo. Lesi sibalo sihluka ngokuhlukahluka.

Inqubo yokutshala utamatisi ebamba lokushisa ebusika inzima kakhulu kunomhlabathi ovulekile. Kuyinto idinga izimali zezimali kanye izindleko eziphezulu zomzimba. Kodwa imiphumela ingafinyelelwa emangalisa!

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