Qaphela ukuthi uhlala ehlobo: kanjani ukuhlwanyela utamatisi kwizithombo emabhokisini

Umsizi wensimu, oye wanquma ukukhula izithombo zamatamatisi ngezandla zakhe, ubhekene nezinkinga eziningi.

Enye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu kubalimi abaningi ukukhetha ukuthi kufanele utshale imbewu nokuthi kuphi izithombo, kodwa ikakhulukazi njengoba sekuvele nje izindlela eziningi ezishayisayo.

Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezindlela zakudala zezitshalo ezikhulayo, lapho umhlali wehlobo kufanele aqale indlela yakhe "ebhizinisini" futhi sizophendula umbuzo - yiziphi amabhokisi kungcono ukutshala utamatisi.

Incazelo yendlela yokutshala utamatisi

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yamatamatisi ebhokisini kubhekwa njengenye yezindlela ezindala kakhulu.. Isisekelo salo sinjengalokhu: imbewu elungiselelwe ngaphambilini isatshalaliswa endaweni eqondile phezu kwenhlabathi, ifafazwe umhlaba futhi iqiniswe nefilimu ukudala izimo zokushisa.

Ngemva kokuhluma, indawo yokukhosela isusiwe, futhi izitshalo ezincane zinikezwa ukunakekelwa okuhleliwe.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi. Njengoba ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu, izitshalo ezincane kakhulu zizokwazi ukuhlala ebhokisini ngaphandle kokulimaza ohlelweni lwazo lwempande. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, le ndlela ihilela ukuhlwanyela izithombo, okungenziwa kukhiqizwa kumabhodlela ngamanye noma kwisitsha esifanayo.

Njenganoma iyiphi indlela, indlela yokuhlwanyela imbewu emabhokisini inezinzuzo zayo. Le ndlela yokutshala utamatisi ikuvumela ukuba ukhule inamba enkulu yezithombo, kodwa uma uqinisa nge-pick, izithombo emigqeni ephakathi zizosala ngaphandle kokukhanya okwanele. Izitshalo ezitshalwe kwisitsha esisodwa zilula ukuzinakekelwa, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma isithombo esisodwa sigula, usongo lokuthelela isithombo sonke sikwanele.

Isithombe

Bheka izithombe zezithombo zamatamatisi ebhokisini:

Kuncane mayelana nomthamo

Amabhokisi epulasitiki noma ngamapulangwe ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa izithombo ezikhulayo.. Iyokuqala ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile, izinkuni zingenziwa yedwa kusuka kumapulethi noma plywood. Izinzuzo nokuqeda kunezinhlobo zazo.

Yiqiniso, ibhokisi lezinkuni liyisitsha esinobuhle, kodwa i-porosity yesakhiwo sayo inomphumela omuhle ekuthuthukiseni nasekuqongeni kwama-microorganisms ezidongeni.

Okunye okunye kwebhokisi elenziwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo yizindleko eziphansi, uma nje kwenziwa ngesandla, kodwa izitsha zepulasitiki azibizi noma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iplastiki ayidingi ukwelashwa ngokucophelela nge-fungicides, kwanele ukuyihlanza kahle. Isiqukathi sepulasitiki kulula ukuyithwala, sigcinwa isikhathi eside.

Ngabe kunjani okuhle kakhulu?

Emabhokisini, ungakhula izithombo ezinhlobonhlobo ezinqunyelweyo, ezingapheliyo kanye nezinkathi zokuvuthwa ezahlukene (ekuqaleni, phakathi, ekupheleni kwesikhathi), okungahlwanyelwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nasemhlabathini ovulekile.

Izidingo zamakhono

Ubukhulu obukhulu bamabhokisi okutshala utamatisi: ububanzi - 30 cm, ubude obuyi-50 cm, ukuphakama - 8 - 10 cm, kodwa le mingcele ayigugu, uma kuphela kulula ukuba umgadi wensimu athuthe izitsha ezivela endaweni ngezindawo futhi azibeke efasiteleni. Esinye isimo esibalulekile: imigodi yamanzi kumele yenziwe phansi ebhokisinilokho kuzonikeza umswakama owengeziwe.

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela isitsha ngokuvamile kuvinjelwe i-disinfected: i-plastiki ingasulwa ngetampon egcotshwe utshwala; izinkuni - uphathe ngokucophelela nge-fungicides noma ikhambi le-copper sulfate (amagremu angu-100 ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi).

Ukulungiselela imbewu

Ukulungiselela imbewu kungenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:

1. Ukuhlolwa Kwembewu Yokuhluma. Ama-30 - 40 amagremu e-sodium chloride ahlakazwa ku-1 ilitha lamanzi, faka imbewu kule siphumo esiphelele imizuzu engu-10. Imbewu yekhwalithi empofu izovela, kumele iqoqwe futhi ilahlwe; labo "abagonywe" kufanele bakhethwe futhi bahlanza ngamanzi ahlanzekile asebenzayo.
2. Ukususwa kwe-disinfection. Imbewu yamaminithi angu-20 kuya kwangu-30 ukufaka isisombululo se-potassium permanganate (i-gramu ayi-100 ngamanzi ayi-100 ml), ehlanganisa emva kwesikhathi, futhi imbewu ihlanzwa kahle ngamanzi. Enye indlela: izinto zembewu ngelanga zifakwe kwisisombululo se-soda esingu-0.5% (0.5 amagremu ngalinye nge-100 ml), noma imizuzu engu-8 kwisisombululo se-hydrogen peroxide, esiphezulu ku-40C.
3. Iyacubungula. Ukuze kuhlume kangcono, kunconywa ukucwilisa imbewu emkhakheni wezakhi ezivusa amandla (Appin, Zircon, Heteroauxin, njll); indlela yokuzalanisa kanye nobude benkambiso - ngokweziqondiso. Ungasebenzisa indlela ethandwayo: cwilisa imbewu yamahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24 kwisisombululo se-aloe juice (1: 1) noma uju lwamanzi (1 tsp. Ingilazi yamanzi), emva kokuyigcina esiqandisini izinsuku ezingu-5 kuya kwezingu-6.
4. Nciphisa noma uhlume. Futhi, ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ingafakwa amahora angu-12 emanzini afudumele (+ 25C), okumele iguqulwe njalo amahora amane. Enye indlela: imbewu ihluma ngokushesha, ilahle konke okungagculisi. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu isatshalaliswa phezu kwendwangu ebomvu ephethwe epulangwe. Isiqukathi sifakwa esikhwameni seplastiki bese sibeka endaweni efudumele (+ 23С - + 25С) ngezinsuku ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-5, lapho indwangu idinga khona ukugcoba njalo.

Ukulungiswa komhlaba

Kubalulekile. Inhlabathi ekahle yokutshala izithombo ze-tomato ayikude, ilula, ifakwe kahle, ngezinga le-asidi lika-5.5 - 6.5 pH.

Ukuze uthole izithombo ezikhulayo, ungathenga ama-potions okwenziwe ngomumo esitolo, lapho abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho befaka khona insimu engadini elula (1: 1) nofulawa we-dolomite noma u-choki (1-2 tbsp per 10 l we-substrate).

Ungalungisa i-substrate ngokwakho, usebenzisa enye yezindlela zokupheka:

1. mix 1 ingxenye yama humus, umhlaba sod, sawdust, peat, engeza 2 tbsp kuya ingxube. izinkuni, 1.5 st. superphosphate, 10 g we-lime hydrated;
2. inhlabathi yensimu, i-peat, i-humus ixutshwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo, umlotha omncane kanye nomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi yengezwe engxenyeni;
3. Umhlabathi we-turti uhlanganiswe ne-peat, isihlabathi somfula, i-perlite, i-coconut fiber, i-wood ash ngo-2: 1: 1: 1: 1: 0.5, ngokulandelana.

Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, inhlabathi kufanele ikhunjulwe nge-disinfected, ngoba izinhlamvu zezifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo ziqukethwe kuyo. Ukuchithwa kwenhlabathi kungenziwa ngokomoya (ukugcoba kuhhavini (+ 180С - + 200С) imizuzu engu-30 noma ukushisa emanzini emine emaminithini angu-1 kuya kwangu-2 emandleni ka-850) noma ukwelashwa nge-fungicides ngokwemiyalo. Njengendlela yokukhetha: ungaphala amanzi aphelayo noma isisombululo esibomvu se-potassium permanganate.

Indlela yokutshala imbewu ekhaya?

1. Ngaphansi kwebhokisi, ungqimba lwamanzi ngobuningi buka 0.5-1 cm lugcwala (ubumba olwandisiwe, amatshe amancane, ama-eggshell, okuzohlinzeka ngokudla okwengeziwe).
2. Umhlabathi ugcwele isitsha ngo-2/3 wevolumu yesitsha.
3. Inhlabathi ichitheka kakhulu ngamanzi afudumele afudumele (thawed).
4. Emkhathini kubalulekile ukwenza izimpungushe nge-1 cm ejulile (ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu) noma 0.5 cm (ezincane), ibanga eliphakathi kwawo lingama 3-4 cm. phakathi kwemigodi - 3-4 cm).
5. Imbewu ihlukanisa phakathi kwemifula ebangeni elingama-1 kuya ku-2 cm, ifafazwe phezulu ngenhlabathi, echotshozwa ngesandla, futhi ifakwe ibhodlela le-spray.
6. Isiqukathi kumele sihlanganiswe ngilazi, ifilimu noma isembozo, bese kufakwe endaweni efudumele (+ 25C - + 30C).
7. Ukukhosela okuhlelekile kufanele kususwe ngokushayela.
8. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala (ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10), ifilimu ingasuswa, amandla kufanele athuthelwe e-windows sill, izinga lokushisa kufanele linciphise libe ngu-+ 16С - + 18С.

Khona-ke ungabukela ividiyo ngendlela yokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-tomato ebhokisini:

Ukunakekela izithombo emva kokutshala

• Ukukhanyisa. Ubude bezinsuku eziphakanyisiwe zezithombo kufanele kube okungenani amahora angu-10. Uma kungenjalo, kuzodingeka ukuqedele ukukhanyisa nge phytolamp.
• Izimo zokushisa. Ukushisa kwansuku zonke kunconywa ku- +16 - + 20C, ebusuku - +13 - + 15C.
• Ukunisela. Ukuphuza kokuqala kwenziwa ngokubonakala kwamahlumela okuqala (1 indebe yamanzi afudumele afudumele ebhokisini ngalinye (+ 22С), amanzi amanzi nokulandela okudingekayo: kubalulekile ukungavumeli ukomisa, kodwa umswakama owedlulele ungabhubhisa izitshalo ezibuthakathaka. : okushisayo, okuvame ukuphuziswa.
• Umoya omusha. Uma kunokwenzeka, izithombo kufanele zivezwe emoyeni omusha noma amafasitela avuliwe kancane: ngaleyo ndlela izithombo "ziyokhuni" futhi ngeke zisabe ukushisa okushisayo endle.
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili kuya ku-3 emva kokuvela kwezithombo kufanele kuqale ukudla. Kungcono uma kuyoba umanyolo wemvelo okusekelwe kumquba, umquba noma utshani; kulabo abathengiwe, okumele kwenziwe kunikezwe kumanyolo asekelwe kuma-acids e-humic ne-biohumus. I-frequency ephakanyisiwe yesicelo somanyolo isisodwa ngesonto.

Ngokuhlwanyela imbewu nokunakekela izithombo ngokuvumelana nalezi zincomo, ehlobo ungathola isivuno sakho sokuqala.