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Amakhowe

Incazelo yemigqa yamakhowe

Ngomhla ka-Ephreli-Meyi, ukukhishwa kwemigqa kuvela emahlathini. Zingaba izilwane ezifanelekile futhi ziyakwazisa "abazingeli abazingelayo". Indlela nokuthi ungabheka kanjani imigqa, ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani futhi ungabuthi, kanye nokupheka kwezitsha - kulesi sihloko.

Incazelo ye-botanical

Imigqa ibhekisela enhlobonhlobo yefungi le-marsupial yomndeni we-Discinaceae (I-Discinaceae).

Uyazi? Kuvinjelwe ukuthengisa imigqa e-Italy.
Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo:
  • umugqa ojwayelekile.
I-cap isofinyelele, ibukeka njengobuchopho noma i-walnut, cishe ubude obuyi-10 cm, ububanzi obuyi-15 cm. Kuwo amakhowe amasha, i-cap ishelele, iphikisana nesikhathi. Imibala evamile kakhulu iyimnyama (emnyama, cishe emnyama), ngezinye izikhathi idonsa shades - obomvu, i-orange.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde kabanzi ngamakhowe adlekayo anobuthi, amakhowe akhule ngo-Meyi, futhi afunde ukuhlola amakhowe ukuze athole izindlela ezithandwayo.

Umlenze we-2-3 cm ubude futhi ububanzi obuyi-2 kuya ku-6 cm, obushelelezi, obungenalutho ngaphakathi, kodwa obunzima, ukwandisa engxenyeni engenhla, ukukhanya kakhulu kunekhanda - cishe kumhlophe noma kumhlophe. Inyama iyamaqabunga, isibhakabhaka, iphunga elimnandi, linomusa omuhle;

  • umugqa omkhulu.
Ihluke ngobukhulu obujwayelekile (kufinyelela ku-30 ​​cm ububanzi) nesikhwama sokukhanya;

  • umugqa wekwindla.
Kubonakala ngo-Agasti noSeptemba. I-cap ihlungwe, ilula kuneyejwayelekile, kuze kube ngu-10 cm ububanzi, isundu noma imnyama, futhi imiphetho ifanelana nonyawo. Faka umlenze kuze kube ngu-10 cm ubude, umhlophe, ube mnandi.
Kuzokusiza ukuthi ufunde ngendlela ama-mushroom morel ahluke ngayo emgqeni, nokuthi ubukeka kanjani, lapho ekhula khona, nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba udle imigqa ekwindla.

Lapho ukhula khona nokuthi nini ukuqoqa

Imifino yezinhlobo ezahlukene ikhula ezindaweni ezahlukene:

  • evamile ukhetha ukukhula emahlathini okuthiwa yi-coniferous (ikakhulukazi i-pin), kuma-sandstones nasezikhungweni. Ngokuvamile zitholakala ekuhlanzeni, ukushisa, futhi zingatholakala ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-birch noma ze-poplar. Uthanda izindawo zelanga;
  • i-bigger ijwayele kakhulu emahlathini axutshweyo, ahlale ekhula ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-birch, eduze kwemithi ewile kanye neziqu ezindala, ikhetha izindawo ezifudumele zelanga;
  • I-autumn iphinda ikhule emahlathini axutshwe kanye ne-coniferous, kodwa ikhetha inhlabathi noma iziqephu zezihlahla ezibolile.

Ukubonakala nokunambitha

Yonke imigqa iyadliwa ngokomzimba. Ngokusho kwe-GOST endala, ukuvuna izimboni kwavunyelwa e-USSR. Zine-hyromitrins ezibhubhisa isimiso sokugaya, isibindi, isistimu enkulu yezinzwa.

Kubalulekile! Imigqa emifushane inobuthi! Umthamo obulala umuntu omdala ungama-kilogram ayi-1 amakhowe..

Lezi zinyosi zithinteka ngezindlela ezimbili:

  • abilayo. Imithi ipheka okungenani imizuzu engu-20, futhi mhlawumbe isigamu sehora. Per kilogram yamakhowe udinga ukuthatha okungenani amalitha amathathu amanzi. Umhluzi kufanele udonswe, amakhowe ahlambuluke ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Khona-ke udinga ukubilisa eminye imizuzu engu-10-15, bese ugeza futhi. Futhi manje nje bangakwazi nje ukuthosiwe ngamafutha. Iningi lezinhlayiya ngenkathi lihlala emhluzeni. Futhi namanje akufanele usebenzise kabi amakhowe - kubangela ubuhlungu esiswini nasemathunjini. Imigwaqo yobuthi ithambekele ekubutheni emzimbeni;
  • ukomisa. Lena yindlela enokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Zomile kuhhavini ekushiseni kwama-55 ° C futhi ngaphezulu kwenyanga noma emoyeni izinyanga ezingu-6. Ngesikhathi sokucubungula okunjalo, i-gyromitrin enobuhlungu iyashintsha ngokuphelele, futhi amakhowe alungele ukupheka noma yikuphi izitsha ze-mushroom.
Imigqa enhle ayijwayelekile. Ukuthola ukunambitheka okumnandi nokunuka. Inyama yabo inomusa, ihlukana emlonyeni.

Inani lomsoco

Njengawo wonke amakhowe, imigqa inezinto ezihlukahlukene futhi eziwusizo. Aphansi kwamakhalori, aqukethe u-22-23 kcal kuphela ngamagremu angu-100 kuphela.

Inani lama-protein, amafutha, ama-carbohydrate:

  • amaprotheni: 2.9 g (~ 12 kcal);
  • amafutha: 0.4 g (~ 4 kcal);
  • ama-carbohydrate: 2 g (~ 8 kcal).

I-energy ratio (b / w / s): 51% / 16% / 35%.

Inani lomsoco nokubunjwa kwemigqa:

  • umlotha - 1 g;
  • i-mono - ne-disaccharides - 0.2 g;
  • amanzi - 92 g;
  • i-fiber yokudla - 0.7 g
Amavithamini:
  • I-PP (NE) - 0.4814 mg;
  • C - 8 mg;
  • B2 - 0.1 mg;
  • B1 - 0.01 mg.
Thola ulwazi olwengeziwe oluwusizo mayelana nalawo amakhowe njenge-govorushki, amakhowe asendle, ama-boletus, i-volnushka, izimbongolo, ama-boletus, ama-greenfinchs, amakhowe ase-aspen, ama-urchins, amakhowe amnyama nama-aspen, ama-raincoats, i-white podgruzdki, i-mokruhi, i-pusher kanye nesikebhe.

Kungenzeka yini ukudidanisa izinhlobo ezifanayo

Imigqa iyingqayizivele kakhulu ekubukeni kwayo. I-mushroom kuphela ebukeka njengabo i-morel. Kodwa ngisho nalowo muntu owaziyo akaze adideke nabo. Vele ubheke uhlu lwezithombe ne-morel. Akuyingozi kakhulu ukwenza iphutha lapha, ngoba i-morel ayiyona i-mushroom enobuthi kanye namakhowe adonsa. Okuningi

Uyazi? Amakhowe avela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-400 edlule kanyekanye nama-dinosaurs. Futhi inani eliqondile lezinhlobo zama-mushroom alisaziwa.
Imigqa

Kuthiwani ngabo abangakwazi ukupheka

Ngakho-ke, uma ungesabi ulwazi mayelana nobuhlungu bemigqa, sinikeza ngezansi zokupheka izitsha ngalawa amakhowe. Kungaba omisiwe, okuthosiwe, okusawoti, abilisiwe futhi okufakwe emathisini. Iziqu ezomile ziphephile kakhulu.

Zomile noma kuhhavini ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-60 nangaphezulu ngezinsuku ezingu-30-40. Kungenziwa omisiwe ekamelweni lokushisa, endaweni efudumele, eyomile izinsuku ezingu 180-200. Ngalesi sikhathi, zonke zizoqhuma ubuthi. Imigqa ethosiwe iyinambitha kakhulu. Kodwa ungawafisa emva kokupheka ngokucophelela.

Indlela yokupheka

Amakhowe abilisiwe ngamanzi imizuzu engu-25-30. Umhluzi uhlangana. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungakwazi ukupheka ezihlukahlukene izitsha okumnandi.

Imigqa ekhilimu omuncu. Izithako:

  • imigqa - 1-2 kg;
  • ukhilimu omuncu - 2-3 tbsp. izinkezo;
  • usawoti ukunambitha.
Ividiyo: indlela yokulungisa imigqa Amakhowe abilisiwe aqoshiwe, efakwa epanini elijulile lokuthoza, engeza amanzi bese upheka eminye imizuzu engu-15. Bese ukhethe ukhilimu omuncu, usawoti bese uletha ngamathumba.

Imigqa, ethosiwe ukhilimu omuncu. Izithako:

  • imigqa - 1-2 kg;
  • ukhilimu omuncu - 2-3 tbsp. izinkezo;
  • ufulawa wokudiliza;
  • amafutha yemifino;
  • usawoti
Ngemuva kokupheka, imigqa iyadliwa futhi igxilwe kufulawa. Fry them in ibhotela imizuzu engu-15, bese wengeza ukhilimu omuncu bese ulethe ngamathumba. Wasebenza etafuleni, efafazwe ngamakhambi.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokufunda mayelana nokukhethwa, ukomisa, u-salting kanye nama-mushroom amaqanda.

Indlela yokupheka

Iziqu zomunyu zingashisa futhi zibandayo.

I-salting efudumele:

  • imigqa emisha - 1 kg;
  • usawoti - 0.5 kg;
  • ama-clove, i-peppercorns, i-dill eyomile, amaqabunga ambalwa we-currant emnyama.
Ama-mushroom ahlanzwa futhi abiliswe okungenani isigamu sehora, ahlanza ngamanzi abandayo, uma kunesidingo, ahlukaniswe izicucu.

Gcwalisa nge-0.5 ingilazi yamanzi, usawoti, ugqoke umlilo ophakathi nendawo bese ubamba kuze kube sebilayo, uvuselele njalo. Ngemuva kokubilisa, engeza zonke izinongo bese upheka imizuzu engu-20, uvuselela ngezikhathi ezithile. Amakhowe alungile azohlala phansi, futhi umquba kufanele uthole ukubonakala okubonakalayo.

Ngemuva kokupholisa, amakhowe asatshalaliswa ezigulini ezilungiselelwe, agcwele i-brine futhi ivinjiwe. Zigcine ezingaphansi. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3, amakhowe akulungele ukudla.

Indlela epholile:

  • morels fresh - 10 kg;
  • i-bay leaf;
  • i-oak bark;
  • amakhemikhali aphuzi;
  • amagatsha e-cherry;
  • i-carnation;
  • i-allspice;
  • i-horseradish;
  • usawoti - 0.5 kg.

Imigqa emifushane ayitholi amafutha ngenxa yobuthi bawo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqale ubilise ngamaminithi angu-30 emanzini. Hlanza isitsha ukuze usawoti ngamanzi abilayo, ubeke isigamu sawo wonke amakhambi nezinongo ezansi. Bese ubeka ungqimba wamakhowe (hhayi obukhulu kakhulu - 5-6 cm) ufafaze usawoti. Phezulu futhi, ungqimba lwezinongo, ungqimba lwamakhowe kanye noqweqwe lwawo usawoti. Ngakho phinda uze isitsha sigcwele. Amakhowe azobe esekulungele ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3.

Le iresiphi ayifuni kakhulu ukugaya, njengoba indlela ebandayo ye-salting ifaneleka kakhulu kumakhowe amhlophe, amakhowe amabi, amakhowe namagagasi.

Indlela yokupheka

Ngaphambi kokuqala amakhowe wokuhlanza ubilise isigamu sehora. Bese bahlanza ngamanzi abandayo bese imilenze ihlukaniswa. Sizohamba ngezigqoko.

Ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo:

  • amakhowe - 1 kg;
  • amanzi - 70 g;
  • uviniga 90% - 130 g;
  • usawoti - 1 tbsp. isipuni;
  • ushukela - 1 tsp;
  • izinongo - i-pepper (abamnyama nama-peas), i-dill, i-clove, i-leaf leaf, i-garlic, ama-horseradish amashidi.
Lungisa ama-marinade: engeza uviniga nosawoti emanzini bese ulethe emathunjini. Thela amakhowe futhi, uvuselele njalo, ubilise phezu kokushisa okuphansi kuze kube amakhowe ahlale phansi futhi i-marinade ikhanya.
Sincoma ukuthi sifunde indlela yokuhamba ngamakhowe asebusika, ujusi we-agarics, i-chanterelles ne-ryadovki.

Engeza izinongo noshukela. Ungangeza amaqabunga amaningi omnyama we-currant, ama-cherries. Letha kumathumba. Beka amakhowe ezitsheni, uthele ku-marinade ne-seal. Vula izimbiza futhi ubeke endaweni efudumele ngaphambi kokupholisa. Gcina kahle emiphongolweni.

Kubalulekile! Into eyinhloko ukugcina ibhalansi lezinongo, ngoba amakhowe athola amafutha kahle, futhi izinongo ezidlulayo ziyolimaza kuphela ukunambitheka kwesidlo.

Njengoba ubona, imigqa iyadliwa futhi ikulungele ukulungiselela izitsha eziningi. Into esemqoka - ukulandela imithetho yokulungiselela kwabo, ukuze bangabuthi.

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