Amazambane akhula angeke abizwe ngokuthi umsebenzi olula, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, kunzima ukucabanga ngensimu yemifino ngaphandle kwayo.
Sekuyisikhathi eside, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezingakhohlwa amazambane "Lorch" futhi uthola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabalimi.
Ngakho-ke, sizoqhubeka sixoxe ngencazelo, izici kanye nezici zokulima.
Incazelo nesithombe
Ezihlukahlukene zamazambane "Lorch" zavulwa eminyakeni yokuqala yama-20. ekhulwini lokugcina futhi kubhekwa njengowokudala eRussia. Ebizwa ngokuhlonipha umdali wayo, umdumi owaziwayo ongumlimi wamazambane u-Alexander Lorkh, owazinikela impilo yakhe yonke ekufundeni nasekuthuthukiseni imifino ethandekayo. I-Institute of Potato Farming ibizwa ngegama lakhe, okuyinto ngo-1976 eyanikeza ama-mbatata ahlukahlukene impilo yesibili. 
Kusukela ekuqaleni, amazambane "Lorch" Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi kubhekwa njengezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokulima, ngezinga lezimboni. Ngenxa yokuvunwa kwayo okuphezulu nokungazitholi, kwaba insindiso kubantu abaningi ababulawa yindlala eminyakeni yangemva kwempi. Kodwa kuma-50s ngezizathu ezingaziwa, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Lorch zashiywe ngokuphelele futhi cishe zalahleka. Kuphela ngenxa yemizamo yabalimi beziko elifanayo kwakungenzeka ukuyibuyisela.
Amahlumela
Isihlahla salezi zinhlobonhlobo sinezinhlobo ezingu-4-5, kancane kancane iziqu eziyi-6-8, ezincane ezithandwayo, ezikhazimulayo, kuze kufike ku-80 cm ukuphakama, futhi zibe nesimo santathu noma isikwele esigabeni esiphambene. Esikhathini esingaphansi komzimba, zakha amagatsha amaningana, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Anamaqabunga amaningi, afana nokukhanya okwesibhakabhaka, ubukhulu obuphakathi, ukushicilela okuncane, nokuhlakazeka okubuthakathaka. Izimbali zibomvu kakhulu, ziqukethe amafali amahlanu ahlanganisiwe kanye ne-pistil ephuzi. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amajikijolo akatholakali kubo. Izimpande azikhuli; ngakho-ke, zihlanzekile, zigcwele izithelo, izilimo eziyizigaxa zenziwa. 
Izihlobo zamazambane phakathi kwezitshalo ezinomsoco ziyi-sunberry, pepino, black nightshade, utamatisi nama-eggplant.
Izithelo
Amazambane akhangayo kakhulu ekubukeni, isethulo esihle. Izisindo zazo zisuka ku-80 kuya kwezingu-120 g. Ziyi-oblong in shape, ezungeze ngaphezulu kune-oval, futhi zingaxiliswa kakhulu uma kungekho phosphorus eyanele emhlabathini. Isikhumba sibushelelezi, hhayi sinyene, sibekwe okukhanyayo, singasondela kancane eduze naphezulu. Kukhona amehlo ambalwa kakhulu kumazambane, awekho ajulile, atholakala kulo lonke isikhumba. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba yinyama emhlophe, engabonakali ngesikhathi sokusika nokushisa. Ngokwakhiwa, akusiwo amanzi amaningi futhi alula kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamazambane. Iqukethe inani elikhulu le-starch, kusuka ku-15 kuya kwezingu-20%, ngakho amazambane aphethwe ngokupheka ngenkathi epheka futhi efaneleka ngokubhaka. 
Izithelo nazo zine ukunambitheka okukhulu nokuphikelela. Ngaphezu kwe-starch, iqukethe ama-23% wezinto ezinomile, amaprotheni angaphezu kuka-2, kanye no-18% we-vitamin C.
Uyazi? Amazambane amazambane anobuthi. Ukuze ubuthi obunzima obwanele ukuba udle izingcezu ezimbalwa.
Izici ezihlukahlukene
Isici esiyinhloko sezinhlobonhlobo zamazambane esithi "Lorch" yindlela ehambisana ngayo. Isetshenziswa ekudleni nasekukhiqizeni isitashi. Lezi zinsuku ziqukethe isilinganiso sama-20%. Ukuvuna okuhle kwamazambane kuletha izinsuku ezingu-110-120 emva kokutshala emhlabathini. Ngokwale nkomba, izinhlobonhlobo zibalwa njengendawo ephakathi kwesikhathi.
Ngokuqondene nomkhiqizo, kusuka kumamitha ayi-square ayi-square. m ingaqoqa kuze kufike ku-40 kg amazambane. Abalimi bezitshalo bathi i-shrub ihle kakhulu, ngokwesilinganiso kunezinhlobo zamazambane eziphakathi kwezi-15-25 eziphakathi kwe-tuber. Izinkomba ze "ukuthengiswa" kwazo nazo ziphakeme, zivela ku-88 kuya ku-92%. Lesi sitshalo asizithobeki enhlabathini, simelana nezinambuzane nezifo. Kulezi zinsuku, zingathinta umdlavuza nesikhumba, kepha lokhu akukwenzeka njalo. Ikhula kahle kuzo zonke izilinganiso, kuhlanganise nenyakatho. 
Abalimi bemifino badumisa ukunambitheka kwayo okumangalisayo, okubonakala ikakhulukazi ezitsheni eziphekwe. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo isitashi ephakeme, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokupheka, ngakho-ke kulungile amazambane ahlambulukile. I "Lorch" ayiyona nje isethulo esihle, igcinwe kahle kuze kube sehlobo ezayo.
Sikukwazisa ukuba ujwayele izinhlobo ezinjalo ze-kartoftolelya: "Kiwi", "Gala", "Luck", "Irbitsky", "iNdlovukazi Anna", "Rosara", "Blue", "Red Scarlett", "Nevsky", "Rocco", " I-Zhuravinka "ne" Cherry "(" i-Bellarosa ").
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Izinhlobonhlobo zithandwa ukutshalwa ngenxa yokuvunwa kwayo, ukulula nokuphikisa izifo ezivamile nezinambuzane. Akudingi ukunakekelwa okungaphezu kwezinhlobo ezithile, kodwa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yesithelo kusezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Amazambane azidingi emhlabathini futhi akudingeki ukuba afakwe kakhulu. Phuma ngokwesilinganiso emva kwezinsuku ezingu-110. Isimpande sehlathi asikhuli, ngakho-ke zonke izithelo ziqoqwe endaweni eyodwa futhi zilula kakhulu ukuphuma emhlabathini. Ungakhula amazambane anjalo kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, ngisho nasenyakatho. Izinguquko zalo aziphazamisi isivuno, siphezulu njalo ngonyaka. 
Baqaphela ukunambitheka okukhulu kwamazambane, ukuhamba kwawo okuhle nokugcina ikhwalithi. Izinhlobonhlobo zisengaphansi kwezifo ezithile, futhi lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu. Futhi, abalimi bathi zinika isivuno esincane uma sikhula ngaphansi kohlobo. Abanye bakhuluma ngesifo esibuhlungu sekwephuzile, kodwa lokhu akuyona into ehlukahlukene yezinto ezihlukahlukene.
Uyazi? E-Belarus, lapho kuthanda khona amazambane, kukhona isikhumbuzo kule mifino ngisho nasemamyuziyamu amazambane.
Izici zokufika
Muva nje, abalimi bebelokhu bezama izindlela eziningi zokutshala amazambane, kodwa okuyinhloko kusalokhu kutshalwa phansi. Kubonakala sengathi akukho lutho olulukhuni, kodwa ukuthola isivuno esihle nesithelo sesethulo, usadinga amakhono kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezincomo zongcweti.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezici zemifino ekhulayo njenge: utamatisi, ukhukhamba, i-garlic, i-radishes, i-horseradish, i-pepper, izaqathe, i-zucchini ne-isitshalo seqanda.
Isikhathi
Izinhlobo zamazambane "I-Lorch" iwela emhlabathini esikhathini okuthiwa yisikhathi esivamile. Ngokujwayelekile ziwela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Umhlaba kufanele ufudumele ngokwanele. Uma kubanda, isitshalo sikhula isikhathi eside futhi izimbali zayo zilibazisekile. Ukutshala, izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi alikho ngezansi +8 ° C.
Ukukhetha inhlabathi nendawo
Ukuhlukahluka "I-Lorch" ingakhula kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi, akuyona into ebalulekile kubo. Ukuze kube nomthelela omuhle, inhlabathi akufanele iqukethe ubuningi nobuhlabathi obuningi. Lezi zinsuku ngokuvamile azifani nokuzala okuhle, ngakho kungaxubana nomunye umhlabathi, ikakhulukazi ngomhlabathi omnyama. Inhlabathi enamandla ngobuningi, ngenxa yokuphefumula okuphansi nokugeleza kwamanzi, akuyona into enhle kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sizokhula, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi izithelo zingaba izinhlobo ezincane nezimbi. 
Indawo ekhulayo kufanele ilanga, uma kunokwenzeka ngisho nokugwema ukuqhuma kwamanzi. Ezindaweni ezifakwe emathunzini, isiqu samasiko sithathwa, sithatha isitshalo kusuka ezimpandeni, kukhona izimbali ezimbi. Ngamafuphi, isithunzi sibuthakathaka isihlahla samazambane futhi isivuno siyoba sibi. Kubalulekile ukulungisa inhlabathi yokutshala. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ngaphambi kwebusika, inhlabathi ihlanzwa, yizitshalo ezingadingekile futhi zimba. Kungcono ukungaphuli izifuba zomhlaba, ebusika bazogcina iqhwa futhi kube khona umswakama owengeziwe. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokutshala, umhlaba kufanele uguqulwe futhi ukhululiwe.
Amazambane angeke atshalwe endaweni efanayo njalo ngonyaka. Ngemuva kwalo, umhlaba kufanele "uphumule" iminyaka emithathu. Amazambane akhula kahle emhlabathini ngemuva kwezimpande: amathanga, utamatisi, ukhukhamba, izithelo.
Uhlelo lokutshala amazambane
Uma imbewu ihluma ngaphambi kokutshala, isivuno singavuna emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambili, futhi izinga lezithombo ngokwabo liyoba ngcono. Ukuhluma kuvame ukuqala inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngalesi sizathu, amazambane asuswa ngaphandle kwesitoreji futhi enza izimo zokushisa kuze kufike ku +12 ° ะก. Kumelwe bahlanzwe emhlabeni. Ungawacubungula ama-microbes pathogenic ngokungena kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate imizuzu engu-15. Kulokhu, isisombululo se-3% i-hydrogen peroxide ku-1 tbsp. l 1 l amanzi. 
Okulandelayo, imbewu ihlelwe emgqeni owodwa, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ihlolwe ngokubola. Kumele futhi iguqulwe njalo futhi ifakwe endaweni yokugcina. Isonto ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ingathathwa emgwaqweni, lapho izotshalwa khona. Ukuze kuhlume kahle, ubude bamahlumela kumele bube okungenani ububanzi bamamitha.
Kunezindlela ezintathu lapho amazambane kaLorch atshalwa khona emhlabathini. Okuvamile - i-alveolar. Ifosholo igubha umgodi ebangeni elilodwa ukusuka komunye kuya ku-40 cm. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenxa yokuthi izihlahla zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zide futhi zisakazeka, akufanele ziphazamisane. Ukujula kwe-fossa kufanele kube ngu-10 cm, kanti ububanzi phakathi kwemigqa yokutshala kufanele kube cishe ngu-70. Imbewu ihlela emigodini, ihluma phezulu iphinde igcwale umhlaba. Ukuze uthole isivuno esingcono, leli zwe lingase lixubane nenani elincane lomquba noma umquba, lawo manyolo angabuye abekwe phansi emgodini. Basacelwa ukuba baxubane nomhlabathi, ngoba amahlumela angase ahlupheke ngokuxhumana ngqo nomanyolo. 
Emasimini anomhlabathi owomile angenziwa ukutshala imifula. Banjwe ekwindla bese befaka utshani kuwo, okuzogcina umswakama futhi kamuva ube umanyolo owengeziwe. Ukujula komsele kungaba ngu-30 cm, ungqimba lwesitshalo lukhulu kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, imbewu iyanconywa kuyo ibanga elingama-30 cm komunye nomunye bese ilele.
Futhi ngenhlabathi, lapho okuqukethwe kwamanzi khona, ngokuphambene, kakhulu kakhulu, basebenzisa indlela yokutshala. Ngosizo lwezinqubo ezikhethekile, isibonelo, i-motoblock, zigcwalisa imigwaqo kuze kube yi-20 cm ephakeme. Izimbobo zitholwa kuzo, lapho imbewu iwa khona. Izwe lihlwanyelwa ngendlela efanayo nalokho lapho itshalwe khona kule fossa.
Kubalulekile! Izinhlobo zamazambane "I-Lorch" ayikwazi ukunqunyelwa ukutshala. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu isivuno.
Izici ukunakekela ezihlukahlukene
Njengazo zonke amazambane, izinhlobo zoLorch zithanda inhlabathi ehlwanyelwe. Ngakho-ke, ekwindla, emva kokumba ingadi yemifino, umquba noma umquba uwela emhlabathini. Banezelwa ngemuva kokumba ngesikhathi entwasahlobo. Amakhomikhali e-nitrojeni angasetshenziswa futhi ngobuningi oboniswe emaphaketheni okuqala. Kodwa u-Alexander Lorch, owahlakulela izinto ezihlukahlukene, wayekholelwa ukuthi kungcono ukusebenzisa kuphela udaba oluphilayo, ngoba umquba wamakhemikhali uphathisa ukunambitheka futhi uphazamise amazambane. 
Lesi sitshalo sidinga amanzi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ngakho-ke kumele ichithe amanzi, ikakhulukazi emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimbali, ngezimbali ezikhulayo futhi ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Uma isikhathi sokumbali somile futhi singenamvula, ukuchelela kufanele kube ngaphansi kwezinsuku eziyishumi.
Okubizwa ngokuthi i-hilling kuyadingeka lapho kunakekela noma yikuphi ukuhlukahluka kwamazambane, kufaka phakathi "i-Lorch" - kufaka phakathi. Ngesikhathi sokuqala bahlunga isitshalo esincane, uma sesikhule sibe ngu-20 cm. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu emva kwemvula, lapho inhlabathi imanzi. Ngaphansi kwesisekelo samathuluzi esivinini se-stem ethela umhlaba ongcwele. Igcina umswakama esihlahleni, ivikela futhi inikeza oksijeni eyengeziwe. Emva kwamasonto amathathu, inqubo kumele iphindwe.
Kubuye kunconywe ukuthi ukhulule phansi emhlabathini phakathi kwezihlahla nezihlahla zomquba, ukumboza ngotshani. Akuhlwanyeli ukhula futhi igcina umswakama.
Kubalulekile! Ezindaweni ezinesimo esishisayo, u-hilling uyelulekwa ukuba ungabi. Izwe elingaphezu kwehlathi lidala ukushisa okungeziwe, kanti ukuhlukahluka kwe-Lorch akuthandi ukushisa okwedlulele. Ngakho-ke, ungakwazi ukukhulula kuphela futhi uxove inhlabathi.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle kakhulu, kunconywa ukuba ukhule umhlabathi okungenani kathathu. Lokhu kuvame ukuqhutshwa ngesikhathi sokutshala, ngaphambi kokuqala kokugquma kanye nalapho izimbali zokuqala zivela ehlathini. Uma utshala, ungakwazi ukutshala inhlabathi ngokuyixuba ngomquba noma umquba. Ungangeza umlotha omncane. Esiqhingini esisodwa kufanele kube ngu-20 g. Amanyolo we-mineral, udinga ukuthatha lawo aqukethe i-nitrogen, i-potassium ne-phosphorus. Kungcono ukutshala, ukuguqulwa emanzini. Ngaphambi kokukhuphuka, kuzoba nesisombululo esihle semquba yenkukhu ngokuphathelene namanzi 1:15. UBush uzodinga ngetitha lokudla okunjalo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, isisombululo se-30 g we-potassium sulfate ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi azokwenza. Isixazululo senziwa ngesilinganiso se-1 l nge-1 sq. Km. m
Izinambuzane nezifo
Lezi zinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamazambane Lorch imelana nezifo ezivame kakhulu nezinambuzane. Kodwa nokho kunezikhathi lapho izitshalo zingagula khona umdlavuza noma isikhumba. Esikhathini sokuqala, amazambane avela ukukhula okufana nekholifulawa, okuyinto ebola futhi ihlukanise izithelo. Izihlahla ezinjalo kufanele zibhujiswe ngokushesha. I-Cancer ayithinti kuphela izilimo eziyizigaxa kuphela, kodwa futhi inhlabathi, ngakho amazambane akakwazi ukukhula kule ndawo okungenani iminyaka eyisithupha. Ukuvimbela izifo usebenzisa i-benomyl. Indlela yokuyisebenzisa ichazwa ngokuningiliziwe emaphaketheni. Ukulungisa ukujikeleza kwezitshalo kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo. Unyaka ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane, izitshalo zihlwanyelwa endaweni ehlosiwe, emva kwalokho umdlavuza awubonakali iminyaka engu-6. 
Ukutshala ukujikeleza kusiza ukulwa nesilonda, esihlanganisa amazambane ngenetha kanye namafomu okukhula. Ukuze uthole i-prophylaxis, umanyolo womuthi noma "i-Trichodermin" inganezelwa enhlabathini.
Ngeshwa, azange afike nohlobo lwezambatho ezingadli I-Colorado ye-potato beetle noma i-medvedka. Kusukela ezinjalo izitha zamazambane zigcinwa yizinambuzane ezihlukahlukene kanye namakhambi omuntu. 
Eminyakeni embalwa, sizogubha iminyaka eyikhulu yokubonakala kukaLorch amazambane. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi likhulile isikhathi esinjalo likhuluma ngokuhlolwa kwalo nokuthembeka. Amazambane alolu hlobo agcinwa kahle futhi azokujabulela ngokunambitha kwawo unyaka wonke.
