I-browllia ethambile, egelezayo ayiveli ngokungakhathali kumafayili ethu engadini nasezivandeni. Okwamanje, le mbali enhle idumile kakhulu emazweni amaningi aphesheya, ikakhulukazi eMelika. Itshalwa njengesihlahla sendlu, njengesitshalo sonyaka esivandeni esimweni sezulu esipholile futhi sisetshenziswa njalo ngonyaka eningizimu. Zithanda i-browllia ngobuningi futhi isikhathi eside (ezimeni ezinhle kuze kube izinyanga eziyi-17 zilandelana), futhi ubunzima ukuthi isihlahla kunzima ukusigcina isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili. Ungayinakekela kanjani i-browllia enhle yokudonsa?
Imvelaphi nokubukeka kwe-browllia
UBrovallia uyilungu lomndeni omkhulu weSolanaceae. Amazambane notamatisi bahlobene nalembali. Futhi izwe lakulezi zitshalo livamile: bonke bangabomdabu bezwekazi laseNingizimu Melika. Kodwa ngokungafani nezihlobo zayo ezihlwabusayo futhi ezinempilo, i-brovallia ayinazo izinzuzo ze-gastronomic. Ijabulisa ukunambitheka kobuhle kuphela. Ubuhle be-brovallia abubukeki njengabanye abahlali bezindawo ezishisayo. Lokhu akuyona umlilo okhanyayo wemibala nokwakheka, kodwa ilula elula kodwa ebukekayo. Umusa we-brovallia uzoqondwa kuphela nge-connoisseur yeqiniso yezimbali yezwe.
Ubuhle be-brovallia abuqhakazile, kepha buthambile kakhulu
Endle nasensimini, amahlumela browll angakhula afinyelele kumitha eyodwa nesigamu. Kokuqukethwe kwekamelo, isihlahla asidluli ku-30- 40 cm. Izinhlobo ezihlanganisiwe ze-hybrid zitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile - kuma-flowerbeds noma kuma-alpine slides, naseziqukweni zokuhlobisa i-terrace kanye nama-balconies.
Emvelweni yemvelo, i-brovallia iyi-shrub e-herbaceous ehlelayo enamahlumela afinyelela kumitha elilodwa nesigamu
IBrovallia isitshalo esidlekelwa i-herbaceous, inamahlumela amancanyana avela noma athambile. Amacembe amancane (afinyelela ku-5 cm) amaqabunga amise okwama-oval futhi ane-pubescence encane. Iziqu zihlotshiswe kakhulu ngezimbali ezakha amasono nezihloko. Ama-petals ayisihlanu noma ayisithupha afafazwe phansi emaphethelweni angasemuva agobekile afana ne-asterisk ne-violet. Umbala wazo uhluka kusuka kumnyama we-violet uye ube mhlophe qhwa.
Izimbali ze-Browllia ziyefana nama-violets, kepha zinephunga ngokuphelele
IBrovallia isitshalo esizihlambe sodwa. Izithelo zayo zibukeka njengebhokisi, imbewu encane emnyama ifihla ngemuva kwamaphiko. Kulula ukuyithola ekhaya, kepha ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kususa amandla adingekayo okuqhakaza izimbali.
UBrovallia waqanjwa ngokuhlonipha omunye umlingani wemvelo uCarl Linnaeus. D. Browall wayengumfundisi owayethanda ezolimo nezimbali.
IBrovallia akuyona imbali enzima kakhulu ukuyinakekela. Yize kungazethembi kakhulu. Ifunwa ukuchelela, ngesikhathi sempilo egumbini lokuphumula idinga umswakama ophezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlahla kumele sakhiwe ukuze kulondolozwe ukuhlobisa. Ngenxa yokuqhakaza okusheshayo kwezimbali, iyelula ngokushesha, ilahlekelwe ukukhanga kwayo futhi ukuqhakaza ngesizotha kakhulu.
IBrovallia isisitshalo esingajwayelekile ezindlini zethu, kodwa abathandi sebevele bayithokozela le mbali ebabayo
Imvamisa, ngemuva kokuba izimbali zokugcina zibune, lesi sitshalo siyakhishwa bese kuthi okusha okusha sikhule kusuka kusiki noma imbewu. Kumele ngithi, i-brovallia izala kalula. Ngendlela, iqhuma kahle nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ukuze kube nokuqhakaza kobusika, kufanele kuhlwanyelwe ehlobo, nasehlobo - ekugcineni kobusika. Ukubona eminye imithetho, ungazama ukwelula impilo ye-browllia ngemuva kokuqhakaza unyaka noma emibili.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, i-browllia yangaphakathi iyabuyekezwa, kepha ungazama ukugcina isitshalo esidala
Lapho unakekela i-browllia, qaphela: isitshalo sinobuthi ngokulinganisela. Gqoka amagilavu ngaphambi komsebenzi bese ugeza izandla lapho uqeda. Beka i-browllia lapho izingane ezincane nezilwane zingafinyeleleki.
I-browllia ebabazekayo isitshalo esinobuthi, landela imithetho yezokuphepha lapho usebenza nayo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-brovallia
IBrovallia luhlobo oluncane, inezinhlobo ezi-6 kuphela. E-floriculture, kusetshenziswa ingxenye kuphela yazo nezinhlobo ze-hybrid. Zithathelwa kangcono kokuqukethwe okusegumbini, zihlukaniswa ngemibala ehlukahlukene nobukhulu bemibala.
- IBrovallia enhle, noma enhle kakhulu, imnandi, iyona hlobo esivame kakhulu kulimi lwezimbali lwasekhaya. Endle, kusatshalaliswa eColombia nasePeru. Izinhlobonhlobo zamasiko azikhuli ngaphezu kwama-40 cm. Amahlumela aso e-fleecy azovimba ngokuqinile ngokuncipha. Amahlamvu amaqabunga angama-pubescent, aluhlaza okotshani, acishe abe ngu-6 cm ubude. Izimbali ezifika ku-3 cm ubukhulu zingaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-violet nesikhungo sokukhanya. Izimbali ezinde, unyaka noma ngaphezulu.
- I-brovallia yaseMelika (noma i-pubescent) inenwele kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo. Lesi sitshalo siningi futhi siqhakaza isikhathi eside. Ama-inflorescence mancane (cishe amasentimitha ayi-2,5) olulodwa, lu-violet noma ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isihlahla esingama-60 cm ubude sihlwanyelwe kakhulu.
- I-browllia enkulu enezimbali ezinkulu ivela ePeru. Isihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi sifinyelela engxenyeni yemitha, ngokwemvelo siqhakaza kusuka ekwindla sekwephuzile. Ama-inflorescence makhulu, afinyelela ku-5 cm ubukhulu, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma mhlophe, aqoqwe ngamabhulashi angale ndawo.
- I-Stick browllia - I-Peruvian, isayizi ephakathi, cishe 30 cm, isitshalo. Igama lanikezwa isiqu esinamathele esimbozwe izinwele. Izimbali ezincane, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onesikhungo esimhlophe noma umbala weqhwa, zakheka kakhulu. Engadini, ukuqhakaza kuyaqhubeka maphakathi nehlobo kuya kwisithwathwa. Ukuqhakaza kwendlu ngoNovemba.
- I-Alba iyinhlobonhlobo ye-browllia enamathelayo enama-inflorescences amhlophe qwa anamehlo aphuzi. Lesi sitshalo sivumelaniswa kahle nokuzalelwa endlini.
- ISapphire - inhlobonhlobo enesihlahla esincane (amasentimitha angama-20) nesigqoko sezimbali ezinkulu. Umbala wazo ufana namatshe ayigugu ahlonishwe lesi sitshalo. Ama-inflorescence aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ahlobisa le browllia unyaka wonke.
- I-Brovallia Blue Bell - yesimanje, eqotho kunenhlobo yasekuqaleni, eyi-hybrid. Isihlahla esiyindilinga sifinyelela ku-35 cm. Amahlumela asungulwa ezinyangeni ezi-3 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela. Izimbali zingamasentimitha amathathu ubukhulu, zipendwe ngemithunzi ehlukene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zakha amabhulashi emikhawulweni yamahlumela noma kumacembe.
- IBrovallia Marina Bell iyi-hybrid ehlangene. Izimbali ezincane (amasentimitha ama-2) we-tint ejulile eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokushesha okukhulu, izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu.
- IBrovallia Silver Bell iyinhlobonhlobo e-hybrid. Amaqabunga aluhlaza satellite, ahlala isikhathi eside kunezinye izinhlobo. Izimbali ezisesimweni senkanyezi enamakhomba amahlanu (ububanzi obuyi-3 cm) imhlophe qhwa.
IBrovallia yinhle, yaseMelika, inamathele nezinhlobonhlobo esithombeni
- I-Brovallia Silver Bell: Izimbali njengezinkanyezi ezimhlophe qhwa
- Brovallia Sapphire - izimbali ezinkulu kunesohlahlana esincane
- IBrovallia Marina Bell enezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- I-browllia ye-inflorescence enezimbali ezinkulu ezinobubanzi obuyi-5 cm
- Ngesisekelo se-brovallya enhle izinhlobo ezintsha ziyabiwa
- I-Stick browllia ineziqu ezinwele kakhulu nezimbali ezincane
- I-Brovallia Blue Bell - imbali engacabangi futhi icwebile
- I-brovallia yaseMelika ihlukaniswa yizimbali ezincane ezinama-petals athosiwe ngokukhethekile
- I-Alba ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi.
Izimo ze-browllia (ithebula)
| Isikhathi | Isibani | Umswakama | Ukushisa |
| Ntwasahlobo | Kugqamile kepha kuhlakazekile. Inani elincane lelanga eliqondile lizosiza imbali. Izikhombisi-ndlela zaseNtshonalanga nezasempumalanga zilungele ukubeka i-brovulia. Ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu ngezinsuku ezinelanga udinga umthunzi wesitshalo. Enyakatho, kungenzeka kungabi nokukhanya okwanele kokukhula nokuqhakaza. | Uphakanyiswe kancane, 60-70%.
| Okumaphakathi, cishe ngo-18-20. IBrovallia ayithandi izinguquko ezishisayo zokushisa; ungasibeki lesi sitshalo eduze kwewindi elivulekile. |
| Ihlobo | IBrowllia ingachitha ihlobo kuvulandi noma engadini. Vikela imbali emoyeni naselangeni elishisayo. Ukukhanya ngokweqile kungadala ukushiswa kwamahlamvu. | Okumaphakathi, kuze kube ngama-25 degrees. Vikela ekushiseni. Umoya ohlanzekile uthuthukisa ukuqhakaza. Ngokunyuka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa, isitshalo singabuna. | |
| Ukuwa | Ukukhanyisa isibani esikhanyayo esinamahora ambalwa wokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Lapho unciphisa amahora emini, hlinzeka ngokukhanyisela okwenziwe ngama-phytolamp. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-brovallia ngeke iqhume. | Okumaphakathi noma okuphakeme. Uma kufudumele igumbi, umswakama ophakeme kufanele ube. Musa ukubeka isitshalo eduze kwemishini yokushisa. Futha uma kunesidingo. | Okumaphakathi, cishe + ama-degrees angu-18-20. Yehlisa izinga lokushisa kancane kancane. |
| Ubusika | Okupholile, okuphezulu + ama-degrees ayi-16-16. Ukuphola kuyasebenziseka ekuhlelweni kwebhukumaka. Emazingeni okushisa aphakeme nokuntuleka kokukhanya, amahlumela angelula futhi abe buthaka. |
Mayelana nokushushuluza nokudlulisa
IBrowllia ayivelakudalwa. Imvamisa kukhula isizini eyodwa, kuthi emva kokuba izimbali zokugcina zibune, zithunyelwa kudoti. Kepha ngokuya ngokuya kukhula, abatshali bezimbali bazama ukunweba impilo yesitshalo, okungenani kuze kube yiminyaka engama-2-3. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu, ngaphambi kokuqala kokuqhakaza okusha, i-browllia idluliselwa ngokulondolozwa komthambo wobumba ebhodweni elisha.
IBrowllia iphinda ifakwe emhlabathini omusha ukuze ikhulise impilo yayo
Lesi sitshalo asisikhulu, ngakho umthamo webhodwe akufanele wedlule ilitha elilodwa nesigamu kuya kwamalitha amabili. Umthamo ophansi awulungele i-browllia, kungcono ukhethe ephezulu ukuze uthele ungqimba olukhulu lwamanzi. Umswakama owandisiwe uzovikelwa ezimpandeni ze-browllia ngobumba obunwetshiwe, imvuthuluka yesitini noma ubumba, i-vermiculite, i-perlite ne-polystyrene echotshoziwe.
Umhlaba udinga isihlahla esihlala siqhakaza ukuze sibe nomswakama ovundile, onomoya futhi umswakama oqhuba kahle. Ungatshala i-browllia enhlabathini yonke yezitshalo zasendlini, unezela namalahle nesihlabathi esincane kuyo. Nazi ezinye izingoma imbali ezingazithanda:
- inhlabathi evundile ngokulinganayo nomquba + i-vermiculite encane namalahle;
- Izingxenye ezimbili zenhlabathi enobumba obunesodiythi, 1 inxenye ye-humus, i-peat ne sand coarse;
- Izingxenye ezi-2 zomquba obunjiwe (i-humus), isabelo esingu-1 - umhlaba wephepha, isihlabathi (i-vermiculite);
- ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo, izwe liyi-turf neqabunga, i-humus ne-perlite.
Ama-Brovallia amahlumela awambozwa ngegxolo, kunalokho abuthakathaka. Futhi kunzima kubo ukubamba izixha zezimbali; ngaphansi kwesisindo sabo, amahlumela angawa. Uma ukhula isihlahla, hhayi isitshalo esikhulu, ngesikhathi sokutshala, faka ukusekelwa kweziqu ebhodweni bese ubopha.
Ukwenza i-browllia ibukeke icocekile, ungayifaka ukusekelwa kwayo
Transshipment of browaglia
- Thatha isitsha esifanelekayo esinezimbobo, ubeke udoti phansi. Yonke into kumele ibulawe amagciwane - inensimbi noma okungenani ifakwe emanzini abilayo.
- Sakaza inhlabathi engcolile ngaphezulu. Ungayihlanganisi kanzima; kufanele ibe yi-airy.
- Susa i-browllia ebhodweni elidala.
- Hlola uhlelo lwezimpande. Susa izimpande ezithambile, ezimnyama, nezomile.
- Zama ukungalimazi izimpande ezinempilo, ungazipunti.
- Faka ibhola lobumba nge-browllia ebhodweni elisha. Faka inhlabathi.
- Thinta i-substrate kancane ezimpandeni. Isitshalo sithanda inhlabathi evundile.
- Ngemuva kokufakelwa, nquma iziqu kakhulu, uma lokhu kungenziwa ngaphambili, uthele imbali ngamanzi afudumele, awafafaze.
- Beka i-browll efakwe endaweni engapheli.
Musa ukufakelwa amabhlogo eqhakaza. Lindela kuze kuphele izimbali, uma kungenjalo uzibeka engcupheni yokulahlekelwa hhayi kuphela ama-buds, kodwa sonke isitshalo. Akanayo amandla anele ngasikhathi sinye sokuqhakaza nokuzivumelanisa nesimo emva kokufakelwa.
Musa ukufakelwa isihlahla sokuqhuma kwe-brovallia
Ukunakekelwa
IBrovallia ayinzima kangako ukuyinakekela. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi sitshalo sesaba ukushiswa yilanga nokushisa, akubekezeleli ukumiswa komhlaba, kudinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe nokwakheka njalo. Futhi imvamisa eqhakaza izimbali ayenzeki. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukumsiza ukuthi aveze umlayezo wesimo esingahle sibe khona ngokwemvelo.
Ukunisela nokondla
Akunandaba ukuthi i-browllia ikhula kuphi: embhedeni wezimbali engadini, esitsheni se-balcony noma embizeni efasiteleni - umbuso wokunisela kufanele uqinisekise umswakama womhlabathi oqhubekayo. Uma kungekho manzi anele kanti nezimpande zoma ngokuphelele, isitshalo esinomusa ngeke sibuyise amandla. Kodwa-ke, ukuthambisa ngokweqile nakho kuyingozi, kuholela ekuwohlokeni kwezimpande neziqu.
Kwama-browlls abunjiwe, ukuthambisa okuphansi kuzoba usizo kakhulu. Ngakho-ke izimpande zizothatha umswakama omningi njengoba zidinga. Amanzi wokunisela kufanele abe athambile futhi afudumele kancane, angabandi kakhulu kunokushisa komoya.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, faka njalo i-browllia ngamanyolo wezimbiwa
Ukuqhakaza okuhlala isikhathi eside nokucebile kwe-brovale, ukondleka kuyadingeka, engeza emanzini kunisele. Kungakhathaleki isikhathi sonyaka, faka isihlahla esiqhakaza ngezakhiwo zamaminerali kanye njalo emavikini amabili. Njengengxenye yomanyolo kumele kube yi-potassium ne-phosphorus. Lezi zinto zisiza ukuqhakaza.
Isikhathi sezimbali
IBrovallia ayidingi ukuphoqelelwa ukuqhakaza, ihloselwe imvelo ngokwayo. Kepha izimbali eziqhakazayo zingasiza futhi kufanele zisizwe: tshala lesi sitshalo ebhodweni eligxilile, usondle ngesakhiwo esikhethekile samaminerali, qiniseka ukuthi ususa izimbali eziphelayo.
Kancane nje akuvamile ukuba nezinkinga zokuqhakaza.
Kodwa-ke, kuyaqabukela kwenzeka ukuthi ama-buds angaveli kuma-browlls. Izimbangela zokwehluleka amaphutha we-florist:
- isitshalo siyakhula izimpande, ngoba sitshalwe ebhodweni eliningi;
- imbali ayivundisi, noma kune-nitrogen eningi ekugqokeni okuphezulu, futhi ikhuthaza ukukhula kwamaqabunga;
- uma izimbali zingaba ebusika, kungabikho ukukhanya okwanele;
- ukhipha izimbali ezilahliwe azisuswanga, uma i-browia yaqala ukusetha imbewu, ukuqhakaza kwehlisa amandla noma ukuyeka ngokuphelele.
Uma ufuna ukuthola imbewu kusuka ku-brovale yakho ukuze ikhule, shiya ibhokisi elilodwa lembewu kwisitshalo ngasinye. Lokhu kuzothinta kancane ikhwalithi yezimbali. Futhi ukuvuna kuzokwanela kwakho. Imbewu ye-browllium incane kakhulu, futhi ayigcinwa isikhathi eside.
Izitshalo ezineminyaka emi-2 ubudala zikhiqiza ama-buds ambalwa
Izinkinga zezimbali zingavela ezitshalweni ezindala. Isihlahla esidala kakhulu kuneminyaka emi-2 siqhakaza kakhulu, futhi ama-inflorescence kuwo angabuna. Kulokhu, kusala kuphela ukufaka esikhundleni sesitshalo ngokukhula okusha kusuka ezinhlanyelweni noma ukusikwa.
Ukubumba nokwakha kabusha
Ukwakheka kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu yokunakekelwa kwe-browllia. Amaphethelo amahlumela kusukela esemncane aqala ukuphina ukuthi isihlahla sithuthukisa ukuhluma kwe-lateral. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuhlanza njalo: susa amaqabunga omile neziqu eziphazamisa ukukhula, nezimbali ezishwabene. Le nqubo yandisa isikhathi sezimbali.
Ukuhlanzwa kwesikhathi sezimbali ezonakele namaqabunga owomile kwandisa impilo esebenzayo yesitshalo
Futhi izihlahla ezinkulu zingasindisa impilo ye-browllia. Ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe emibili yokuqhakaza, isitshalo siyakhathala bese "siphumula." Kodwa i-browllia ayinaso isikhathi sokuphumula. Okusho ukuthi, isitshalo esinikeze amandla kwezimbali siyakhula - sinciphisa ukukhula futhi, ekugcineni, siyafa. Kepha ingavuselelwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, dlulisela imbali enhlabathini entsha bese usika iziqu cishe zibe yi-zero, ushiye u-10-15 cm. Ngemuva kwalokho, yondla ngomanyolo nge-nitrogen, fafaza, amanzi, ungavumeli inhlabathi yome. Futhi linda i-browllia ithole amandla.
Amaphutha wokunakekelwa nokulungiswa kwabo (itafula)
| Ukubonakaliswa | Isizathu | Ukuqothula |
| Amaqabunga alahlekelwa ukuqina kwawo, aphela. |
|
|
| Isitshalo siphakeme, amahlumela athambile impela, amaqabunga aphaphathekile. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya. | Nikeza isitshalo ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okungahlanganisiwe. Ebusika, nweba ukukhanya kwemini ngokukhanya, i-LED, amalambu we-fluorescent noma ama-phytolamp afanele. |
| Izindawo eziphuzi kumaqabunga. | Burns kusuka elangeni eliqondile. | Thatha i-browllia kude nefasitela. Umthunzi elangeni elishisayo. |
| IBrovallia ayifuni ukuqhakaza, noma kunezimbali ezimbalwa. | Ungeke uhambisane nemibandela yokuboshwa kanye nemithetho yokunakekelwa. | Ifomula yezimbali: ukukhanyiselwa okwengeziwe ngaphambi kokukhula + komanyolo nge phosphorus ne-potassium + imbiza enyinyekile + ukususwa kwama-inflorescence afihlekile. Ukuqhakaza okumbala kunika izitshalo ezikhule kakhulu, ezindala. |
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-browllia: izindlela zokulawula nokuvimbela (itafula)
| Kuboniswa kanjani? | Isifo noma inkathazo | Okufanele ukwenze | Izindlela zokuvimbela |
| IFlour, efana nofulawa, ivela emaqabungeni, isiqu nezimbali. Izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo zingafunwa. | I-Powdery Mildew | Susa amaqabunga nezimbali ezithintekile. Phatha isitshalo ngesisombululo seTopazi noma se-iodine (1 ml nge-350 ml yamanzi). | Ukungena kwamanzi kwenhlabathi kungenye yezimbangela zokukhunta kwezifo. Umoya we-stale ufaka isandla ekukhuleni kwabo. Ukugwema ukutheleleka, lungisa ukuchelela bese unika umoya egumbini ngokuvamile. Nqabela izitshalo ezintsha izidakamizwa. |
| Isitshalo siphelelwa yithoni, siyabuna, kepha inhlabathi inomswakama. | Ukubola kwezimpande. |
| |
| Izindawo ezimnyama ezigoqayo zivela emaqabungeni naseziqu, ngokuvamile ngezansi. | Isiqu sokubola. | Uma ukubola kuthinte isitshalo kuphela, ungazama ukusindisa. Umsuka cutways apical apical. Hlola izimpande, uma ziphilile, futhi isiqu somthi singathinteki yinhlabathi uqobo, ungayinciphisa. Fafaza usike ngamalahle noma ngesibabule. Fafaza okusele ebhodweni ngesixazululo esithuthukisayo bese umboza ngesikhwama. Amahlamvu angavuka esiqwini. Nge-lesion ebalulekile, lesi sitshalo kufanele silahlwe futhi siphathwe ngesikhunta somakhelwane baso. | |
| Amaqabunga ayindilinga, kepha aphuzi futhi aphuzi. | I-Chlorosis | Amanzi fafaza nge-ferrovit, i-iron chelate (i-antichlorosine) kuze kuvele amapheshana anempilo. Kungcono ukuthi udlulisele emhlabathini omusha. | Gcobisa isitshalo ngokulingana, amanzi kuphela ngamanzi afakwe ku-demineralised. |
| Amacembe ambozwe izindawo namachashazi aphuzi, kwesinye isikhathi i-web emhlophe iyabonakala. UFoliage uyafa. | Hlula ngesibungu sesicabucabu. | Futha i-browllia ngesibulala-zinambuzane esisehlelweni, i-phytoferm, i-actellik, i-derris. | Hlola lesi sitshalo njalo ukuthola izimpawu zokuqala zokutheleleka kwezinambuzane bese uthatha isinyathelo ngesikhathi. Fafaza isitshalo njalo. Faka umoya emoyeni bese ukhipha umoya, isicabucabu nezinye izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezizalela emakamelweni amile futhi anamanzi. |
| Kushiya amaqabunga, izibungu eziluhlaza ngaphansi kwe-underside, nezinambuzane ezindiza ezimhlophe. | Ukuhlasela kwe-Whitefly. |
| |
| IBrovallia ayikhuli kahle, amaqabunga ayavilapha ngisho ngemuva kokunisela. Kunezinqe ezincane ezimhlophe ezibonakalayo ezimhlophe, ezifana noboya bekotini, kanye nokunamathela okunamathelayo. | Ukuhlaselwa kweMealybug. | Hlukanisa imbali enegciwane, isibungu sidlulisela kalula kwezinye izitshalo. Susa izinambuzane ngesandla ngendwangu emanzi. Emva kwalokho, fafaza noma hlamba ngesixazululo se-insipho-utshwala (amagremu angama-20 wesepha lokuwasha kanye no-20 ml wotshwala nge-litre e-1 yamanzi afudumele). Uma isilonda sikhulu, phatha i-Fufanon, i-Actara noma i-Actellik ngama-insecticides. |
Ukuzala
Ama-browlls amasha angatshalwa kusuka ku-cutways kanye nembewu. Ukuzala kabusha kwenziwa unyaka wonke, kugxile lapho ufuna ukuthola isihlahla sezimbali. Isibonelo, okuhlwanyelwe ngo-Agasti browlls kuzoqhakaza ebusika. Futhi ukuze izimbali zibe ngoJuni, hlwanyela imbewu noma usike isitshalo ngoFebhuwari.
Imbewu
Izazi zezimbali zivame ukukhala ngokuthi izilimo ze-browllium zihluma kahle. Iqiniso ngukuthi imbewu yalesi sitshalo inokuphila okufushane kweshelufu. Zikulungele ukuthuthuka ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuthwa bese zinikeza ukuhluma okungu-100%. Futhi njengoba sebelale unyaka kuphela, abangaphezu kwengxenye yabo balahlekelwa ukusebenza kwabo. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhulisa i-browllia kusuka kwimbewu esisanda kukhiwa. Cabanga ngezindlela ezimbili ongazitshala ngazo.
Igramu eyi-1 iqukethe imbewu ecishe ibe ngu-5 000 browllium.
Indlela yendabuko
- Cwilisa imbewu amahora ama-2 ngesisombululo esivuselelayo (Amaconsi ama-2 e-zircon engilazini yamanzi afudumele)
- Lungisa i-greenhouse, uthele inhlanganisela yenhlabathi engcolile yokulinganisa (Peat ngesihlabathi noma nge-perlite) kuyo.
- Sabalalisa imbewu ebusweni, akudingeki ukuthi imbozwe nge-substrate.
- Izilimo zokufafaza zeMoisten.
- Mboza lo greenhouse ngesembozo esibonakalayo (ingilazi noma ifilimu).
- Faka endaweni efudumele (+ 20-25 degrees) nendawo ekhanyayo.
- Faka umoya izilimo nsuku zonke futhi ususe i-condensate, moisten uma kunesidingo.
- Imvamisa kuyadingeka amasonto ayi-2-3 ukuhluma imbewu ye-browllia.
- Lapho amahlumela enika amaqabunga ama-2 wangempela, faka izithombo zibe ngamabhodwe, izingcezu ezi-4 inye. Ngakho-ke isihlahla sizoba sihle kakhulu.
Ukuhlwanyela kwithebhulethi ye-peat
- Musa ukucubungula imbewu.
- Cwilisa amaphilisi we-peat emanzini nge-zircon, bese usula umswakama ngokweqile.
- Sakaza imbewu ebusweni bezibhebhe ngezicucu ezintathu.
Faka imbewu engu-3 kwithebhulethi ngayinye
- Faka amatafula esitsheni esisekuso sobala (abamba ukushisa), amboze ngefilimu noma ngesembozo.
Izibhebhe zembewu zifakwa esitsheni esisekusoleni ngesivalo.
- Faka i-greenhouse endaweni efudumele (+ 20-25) nendawo ekhanyayo kakhulu.
Ukuhluma kudinga ukukhanya nokushisa
- Lapho izimpande zivela futhi izithombo zikhula, yenza ukuvela kwegobolondo yethebhulethi bese uyikhipha, ujike ngaphakathi uphume. Ngakho-ke ugcina izimpande ziqinile.
Ukusika onqenqemeni lwephilisi, ungathola isithombo kalula
- Dlulisa izithombo zibe izinkomishi noma amabhodwe amancane ezincezu ezi-3.
Izithombo nazo zitshala ezintathu ezimbizeni
- Izitshalo ezincane zivame ukuqhakaza ezinyangeni ezingama-3-4 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-3-4, lezi zinhlamvu ze-browia ziyaqhakaza
Ama-Florists aqaphela ukuthi izinhlobo ezi-browllia eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ne-violet zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Futhi izitshalo ezinezimbali ezimhlophe zihamba kancane futhi ziyaqhakaza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izimbumbulu
Ukusika kwama-browlls kwenziwa unyaka wonke. Kepha ukukhiqizwa kabusha kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amahlumela kuphela angenazo izimbali okungekho izimbali kuwo okwamanje.
- Sika ama-cutic aplic angama-10 cm.
- Hlanza ingxenye engezansi emaqabungeni, gcobhoza isilayi imizuzu embalwa kusixazululo se-ivuseleli (i-epin, zircon, rootin).
- Esitsheni esikhulu noma izinkomishi ngazinye ezinomthamo we-50-100 g, uthele isigaxa sangaphansi sesihlabathi no-peat, usithambise.
- Yenza ukujula okungamasentimitha angama-3-4 ngepensela. Bheka ibanga ukuze ukusikeka kungathinti.
- Beka izingcezu eziseleni bese unyathela inhlabathi nxazonke ngaphandle kokushiya izikhala.
- Futha izithombo, ungangezela okukuvuselela emanzini.
- Mboza abamba ukushisa ngefilimu noma ngesembozo, nezinkomishi ngezikhwama.
- Faka endaweni ekhanyayo, kepha ngaphandle kwendawo eqondile yelanga. Gcina izinga lokushisa lama- + 20-22 degrees.
- Faka umoya bese uthambisa okutshalekile njalo.
- Lapho kunezimpawu zokukhula kwezingcambu - amaqabunga amasha, tshala izitshalo ezincane emabhodweni ahlukile, okungcono ukusikeka okungu-3-4, kanye nasemhlabathini wezakhi.
Ukuvela kwamaqabunga amasha - isibonakaliso sokufakelwa
- Cindezela iziqongo zezithombo ukuze amahlumela aseceleni aqale ukukhula.
Ama-cutter Browllia aqhakaza ngokushesha okukhulu
Isishukumisi sokukhula kwe-eco-friendly singalungiswa ngokuzimela kusuka amahlumela amancanyana. Zidinga ukusikwa zibe yizicucu ezi-5 cm. Faka lezi zinti emgqonyeni wamanzi. Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela indlela yokukhula - ngaphezulu, phansi. I-infusion ilungiselelwe usuku. Izisiki zibekwa endaweni yokuvuselela etholakala ku-willow amahora ayi-6-12.
Ividiyo: kanjani ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezimbali
I-browllia ebukekayo, efana neCinderella ebhawini lezimbali elixakile nelimibalabala, iyavela isikhashana, kodwa isheshe isimangale futhi iyakhanga ngesisa sayo nomusa wayo. Ungumuntu okhuthele ngempela, okwazi ukuqhakaza isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ngaphandle kokuphumula. Lokhu kudinga amandla amakhulu, ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi ngemuva kokuqhakaza, isitshalo sidanga futhi singafa. I-florist inethuba lokulondolozwa kwempilo ezimbali zakudala noma izelule kwenye entsha ngokusika kwe-midzi noma ngokutshala imbewu. Noma ngubani owake wahlangana ne-browllia enamahloni ngeke ayikhohlwe.
