Ekwakhiweni kwamafulethi, izakhiwo zokuhlala, izakhiwo zamahhovisi, kanye nokwakheka komhlaba, isitshalo se-hibiscus, noma i-rose rose yaseChinese, noma i-rose rose yaseChina, sivame ukusetshenziswa. Kunzima ukungaboni lesi sihlahla esihle ngezimbali ezinhle ezinhle.
Lesi sitshalo singabomndeni wakwaMalvaceae. URosan angakhula ngendlela yesihlahla esifana nesihlahla, isihlahla noma imbiza.
Indawo yokuhlala iseningizimu yeChina neNdiya, nokho, isihlahla sikhule kahle emazweni asezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni eziphansi. EKorea, imbali yakhe yamukelwa njengowezwelonke; isithombe sakhe sibhalwe ngohlamvu lwemali lwaseMalawi.
Igama lesihlahla liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili. Ingxenye yokuqala ifaka imbali ebukeka njenge-rose enkulu, eyesibili - izwe lokukhula.
I-Hibiscus chinese
Amaqabunga erosan aseChinese aqoshiwe, acwebezelayo, anesikhumba, aluhlaza okotshani. Imbali inkulu, ikhula ibe ngu-16 cm ububanzi. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-hibiscus yaseChina ezinombala obomvu, omhlophe, ophuzi, owolintshi kanye nopinki ziye zalotshwa. Ngokubukeka, ihlukaniswe njengejwayelekile kanye ne-terry.
Chinese rosan uphila cishe 30 iminyaka. Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo ingafinyelela ukuphakama okungama-3 m.
Kuphakama isi-Chinese chinese
IHibiscus ivumelanisa nokutshala, ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Amahlumela amasha we-hibiscus asetshenziselwa ukupheka, itiye lakhiwa kabusha efihlekile kwalo. URosan naye ukhulile ngezinhloso zokwelapha.
Ukusakazwa kwe-rose yaseChinese
Ungayisakaza kanjani i-hibiscus ekhaya? Isihlahla sama rose rose singandiswa ngezindlela ezimbili: ngokuxhunyelelwa nokukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.
Indlela ekhetheke kakhulu yokuzalanisa i-hibiscus ukusikwa. Kuyinto elula kakhulu futhi engenzi umsebenzi omningi, kuyilapho isithombo sihlala sithola zonke izimpawu zesitshalo sikamama.
Ukunaka! Umuthi otholwe ngokusakazwa ngezinsika uzoqhakaza ngonyaka.
Izimbumbulu
Njengezinto zokutshala, sebenzisa amagatsha ama-rosan asele ngemuva kokusika isihlahla, noma isiqu esisikiwe ngokukhethekile ngengxenye ye-apical. Izingxenye ezilungiselelwe zamagatsha kufanele zibe nama-internode amabili noma ngaphezulu.
Ukusika ukusika kwe-rosan yaseChina
Ukuze kube nokubangwa kwezimpawu, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezimbili:
- Faka izingcezu ezisikiwe zamahlumela ezimbizeni zamanzi. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, izithombo kudingeka zidluliselwe ebhodweni elinomhlabathi olungiselelwe.
- Ungasusa izingcezu ngqo emhlabathini. Umhlabathi kufanele ukhululeke futhi ukhanye. Ungasebenzisa isihlabathi. Izimbambo zinamathela enhlabathini. Ukuze kulondolozwe izimo ezifanele zokusikwa kwezimpawu zokusika, okutshaliwe kumbozwe ngesikhwama sepulasitiki noma ngembiza yengilazi ngaphezulu ukuze kwakhiwe abamba ukushisa okuluhlaza. Ngezikhathi ezithile, ikani lingasuswa bese okutshalezwayo kuyenziwa emoyeni. Lokhu kuzosusa i-condensate futhi kuvikele ukubonakala kwezifo zokukhunta zezithombo.
Izinga lokushisa lekamelo kufanele ligcinwe ngaphakathi kuka + 22-25 ° С.
Izimpande zikhula kuma-cuttings zingakapheli izinyanga eziyi-1-2 ngemuva kokutshala, zingadluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ukutshala imbewu
Umuthi ungakhula ngembewu. Ngalesi hlobo lokuzalela, isihlahla ngeke siqhume ngaphambi kweminyaka emithathu kamuva.
Ungakhula kanjani i-hibiscus yaseChina kusuka ezinhlanyweni ekhaya? Le ndlela idla isikhathi ngaphezu kokuxhunyelelwa. Imbewu ingatholakala ngokuzimela noma ithengwe esitolo.
Inqubo yokukhula kwe-hibiscus imi kanje:
- Imbewu ifakwe pre-emanzini afudumele amahora amaningi. Okokufika, okusetshenziswa phansi kwetangi kuyasetshenziswa. Imbewu engenalutho esevele yaswela insimu ayilungele ukutshala. Kungcono ukwengeza isikhuthazi sokukhula ethangini lamanzi. Kunconywe futhi ukuthi emva kwalokhu abulawa magciwane kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate.
- Beka imbewu ngendwangu yokuhluma enomswakama. Zimboze ngendwangu emanzi. Lapho imila izigaxa, udinga ukuzinyusa njalo ukuze zingoma.
Imbewu yeHibiscus
- Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, imbewu kufanele itshalwe ngokucophelela endebe elungiselelwe nenhlabathi. I-Peat nesihlabathi zingahlanganiswa ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo njenge-substrate. Ukutshala kwenziwa noma kumhlabathi owenziwe ngaphambi kokuthambisa, noma ngemuva kokutshala, umhlaba uyanyiswa kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza.
- I-landings idinga ukumbozwa ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene ukuthola i-impromptu mini-greenhouse.
- Ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke kuqukethe ukufaka i-greenhouse, kufafaze i-substrate ngamanzi futhi kugcinwe izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kuka-25 ° С.
- Ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga lesithathu ezitshalweni, zidinga ukudayiswa bese zidluliselwa ezitsheni ezincane ezihlukile.
Khetha izithombo ze rose yesiShayina
Ezimbizeni zabo zokuqala zezimbali, ama-rosans asemasha wase China azokhula aze atshalwe aziqukathi ezinkulu.
Izithombo nokunakekela izithombo
Lapho kutshalwa izithombo nezithombo ezitsheni ngamanye, udinga ukuzinakekela ngendlela efanayo nezitshalo zabantu abadala.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izinga lokukhula kwezitshalo ezincane liphakeme impela. Ukwakha umqhele omuhle obabazekayo, izihloko zamahlumela ngezikhathi ezithile zincipha.
Izithombo ezincane zidinga ukufakelwa konyaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kukhethwa ibhodwe, elikhudlwana kancane kunelobubanzi edlule. Phansi, ungqimba lwedamu luhlelwe kahle, olunezingcezu ezincane zezitini noma zobumba olwandisiwe.
Kungcono ukufakelwa kwesitshalo ngokudluliselwa. Ngalesi sokuhlukahluka kokufakelwa, ubungozi bokulimala ezimpandeni ze-hibiscus buqedwa.
Izikhala ezingenalutho ebhodweni zimbozwe inhlabathi elungiselelwe. Ngokwesitshalo, ungasebenzisa umugqa womhlabathi lapho izithelo ze-citrus zikhula khona. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kufakwa ezinye izihlabathi kuyo. Ungalungisa umhlaba uqobo. Kulokhu, umhlabathi we-turf neqabunga uxutshwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo kanti i-1/3 ye-humus, isihlabathi namalahle iyangezwa.
Ukwakheka kwe-hibiscus yangaphakathi
I-rose yamaShayina kumele ithulwe. Ukuthena kuyadingeka ekwakhekeni komqhele omuhle wesitshalo, ukuncipha kwawo kanye nokukhuthaza kokuqhakaza kwesihlahla.
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukwakha isitshalo, kudingeka unqume ngohlobo lwe-hibiscus yesikhathi esizayo. Imvamisa kukhula ngesimo sesihlahla esivamile noma ngesimo sesihlahla.
Ishintshiwe iRosan yaseChina
Udinga ukuqala nini ukwakha i-hibiscus kusuka ekuqaleni? Kuma-rosans amasha aseChinese, ukwakheka kuqala lapho isithombo sesifikile ukuphakama okungu-13 cm.
Uma isitshalo sakhiwa ngesimo sesihlahla esivamile, khona-ke ihlumela eliphakathi nendawo liyaphawulwa. Lokhu kuvusa ukukhula kwezinqubo ezilandelanayo. Njengoba lesi sitshalo esincane sinesiqu esincane, kungcono ukubopha isiqu lapho sakha umuthi ukusekela okuthile, isibonelo, indodo.
Uma isihlahla sakhiwa, khona-ke ama-buds ambalwa akhiwe ngezansi ashiywa esiqwini esisenkabeni, okusele kunqunywe. Amagatsha esihlahla somhluzi esizayo azokhula kuwo. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3, amahlumela asekhulile nawo ayathenwa.
Lapho kwakhiwa i-rosan, amahlumela awomile futhi awonakele ayasikwa, kanye namagatsha akhula ngaphakathi komqhele noma ahambisane nokuyinhloko.
Ukusikwa kwenziwa engela ka-45 ° ngesikhafu esijwayelekile. Lapho ukhetha indawo yokusika, naka isikhundla sezinso noma ishidi lapho ukusika kwenziwa khona. Kufanele zitholakale ngaphandle kwegatsha. Kulokhu, ukukhula kwehlumela kuzoqondiswa kusuka kumqhele.
Kungcono ukunquma imbali ngoFebhuwari nokwindla. Ehlobo, ukuthenwa akukanconywa, ngoba lokhu kungabambezela ukuqhakaza kwesihlahla.
Ngokusebenzisa izihlahla ezifanele, ungakhulisa i-bonsai esihlahleni.
Isihlahla seBonsai
Ukunakekelwa kwezihlahla zabantu abadala
Ngemuva kwesihlahla, i-rose yaseChina kulula ukuyinakekela ekhaya. Kuhlanganisa ukuchelela ngesikhathi, ukuthena, ukugqoka okuphezulu nokudala izimo zobusika.
Imodi yokunisela
Esikhathini kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Okthoba, lesi sitshalo siniselwa kakhulu. Ukunisela kwenziwa lapho ingaphezulu yomile. Amanzi athathwa efudumele futhi axazululwe. Ngemuva kokunisela, amanzi athe xaxa epanini ayakhishwa.
Ezitshalweni ngesikhathi sokukhula, umswakama womoya kufanele ugcinwe ku-70%. Ngakho-ke, uma ihlobo lishisa, khona-ke ukuthambisa okusolwandle noma ukufafazwa kuyenziwa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ngesikhathi sokukhula, ukukhula okujwayelekile kwesitshalo, udinga ukufaka umanyolo isihlahla. Kungcono ukuthenga ukwakhiwa kwamaminerali okwenziwe ngomumo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Lapho ukhetha umanyolo, kunikezwa preference kulabo aqukethe amaphesenti amancane phosphorus ekwakhekeni kwabo.
Umanyolo wamaminerali udinga ukushintshwa nezinto eziphilayo. Njengamanyolo we-organic, sebenzisa ukumanziswa kwenkukhu (okuhlushwa 1:20) noma umquba wenkomo (okuhlushwa 1:12).
Ukunaka! Akunakwenzeka ukufaka umquba wezitshalo ezisanda kuthelwa kabusha.
Izitshalo empeleni zalisa emhlabathini omanzi. Uma inhlabathi isomile, lapho-ke ungashisa amaqabunga.
Izihlahla zivame ukuvundiswa kanye njalo emavikini angama-2-3.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza
I-Hibiscus blooms yezinkathi ezi-3 - iqala entwasahlobo iphele ekwindla. Ezinye izithonjana zingalahla ama-buds ngisho nasebusika.
Isimbali esivele siqhakaza sigcina egatsheni isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-1-2, bese siwa, kepha ihlumela elisha livula esikhundleni salo.
Imbali yesi rose yesi-Chinese
Ukuthola ukukhanyisa okwanele, i-hibiscus ifakwa eduze kwamawindows aqondiswe eningizimu-mpumalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Lapho ifakwa efasiteleni eliseningizimu, imbali ivikelekile elangeni eliqondile.
Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ku + 18-20 ° C.
Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, isitshalo singabekwa engadini noma kuvulandi. Isidingo esiyinhloko lapho ukhetha indawo ukukhanya okuhleliwe, ukuvikelwa komoya nokuhlaka.
Ngesikhathi sokuphumula
Ebusika, isitshalo kufanele siphumule. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinga lokushisa elisendlini liyancipha, imvamisa kanye nenani lokunisela kuyancishiswa. Ukunquma isidingo sokunisela, umhlaba ebhodweni uthukululwa ngenduku kuze kube ngamasentimitha ambalwa. Uma womile, khona-ke ukuthambisa kuyenziwa, uma womile kuphela ungqimba oluncane, khona-ke ukuthambisa akwenziwa.
Isikhathi sasemini sigcinwa amahora angama-6-8. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya kwemvelo, izibani zokufakelwa zihlelwe ngokwengeziwe. Ungasebenzisa ngokukhethekile i-phytolamp ngalezi zinhloso.
Izinga lokushisa elifanele ebusika isitshalo ngu + 15-18 ° C.
Ukunaka! Musa ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomoya ngaphansi kuka-10 ° C. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, lesi sitshalo siyafa.
Futhi ngalesi sikhathi, imbali ayidingi ukondliwa njalo. Galela isihlahla akusekho isikhathi esingaphezu kwesingu-1 ngenyanga ngamakhompiyutha we-phosphorus-potassium, noma ungafaki ukufaka umquba nhlobo.
Uma umoya osekamelweni womile kakhulu, khona-ke ama-rose ama-Chinese afafazwa ngamanzi afudumele afudumele.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Ekwindla, amahlamvu angawa ku-hibiscus. Kulokhu, iziqu ezingenalutho ziyanqunyulwa. Amahlumela asika futhi ashiye izinqubo ezincane (amasentimitha ambalwa).
Ukunisela nakho kuncishiswa kancane kancane ukuze ubusika ukuncishiswa kwenani lamanzi kungabi bukhali.
Ngo-ekwindla, izithasiselo eziqukethe i-nitrogen azifakwanga ukuze zivuse ukukhula okusebenzayo kwehlumela. Ngalesi sikhathi, kunconywa ukondla i-rose yase-China ngesakhiwo se-potassium-phosphorus. Galela kungabi isikhathi esingaphezu kwesingu-1 ngenyanga.
Kungani rose Chinese hhayi eziqhakaza
Imvamisa abalimi bezimbali bazibuza ukuthi benzeni lapho i-hibiscus ingaqhakaza. Ngasikhathi sinye, abaningi baphikisana nokuthi basebenza ngokunakekelwa kwesitshalo, kubandakanya nokunisela, ukugqoka phezulu, kanye nezimo lokushisa.
Enye yezizathu ezenza i-hibiscus ingaqhakaze yingoba umuthi awunakho ukukhanya okwanele. AmaShayina ama-rose aqhakaza kuphela lapho ethola ukukhanya okwanele. Kulokhu, udinga ukuthatha imbiza yezimbali uye nayo kuvulandi noma engadini. Ungazama ukuyidlulisela kufasitela eliseningizimu.
Enye futhi impendulo embuzweni wokuthi kungani rose yaseChinese ingaqhakaza iwuthenji ongafanele. Iqiniso ngukuthi amahlumela wezimbali angaba mncane kuphela. Kungenxa yazo lapho i-buds ibekwa khona. Ngakho-ke, ukwenza i-hibiscus ibe namahlumela amasha, kuyadingeka ukususa imbali eyomile kanye nengxenye yehlumela ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
Ukunaka! I-Rosan yaseChina kungenzeka ingaqhakaza uma isitshalo singanikezwa ubusika obujwayelekile. Lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yokushisa okukhona okukhona ngalesi sikhathi, okuthinta kabi ama-buds.
Okunye isizathu ukufakelwa kwesihlahla ebhodweni elikhulu kakhulu. Izimbali eziqhakazayo zakha imiqumbe kuphela lapho uhlelo lwazo lwezimpande lugcwalisa wonke umthamo webhodwe.
Isihlahla singaphonsa imiqumbe, kepha uma singavuli bese soma ngokushesha, siwe. Lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama, izakhi zomzimba noma izinga lokushisa eliphansi. Futhi, ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama kanye nezakhamzimba, amaqabunga azophenduka aphuzi.
Iqabunga le-hibiscus eliphuzi
Uma kunezimbali, kodwa ngenani elincane, futhi isihlahla ikakhulu sandisa isisindo esiluhlaza, khona-ke isitshalo sithola umanyolo we-nitrogen owedlulele. Kungaba futhi ngenxa yokukhanya okunganele.
I-rose yesi-Chinese isitshalo esivumelana ngokuqondile nokungena ngaphakathi kunoma yiliphi ikhaya noma sihlobise isiza sengadi.
