I-perennial rudbeckia - ukuthi iqhuma kanjani, izinhlobo ezithandwayo

Izimbali ezingagudluki efanelekile ukulinyelwa abaqalayo nabalimi abanolwazi zifaka i-rudbeckia yesikhathi eside. Izimbali zakhe ezinjenge-chamomile ziyaqhakaza kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo futhi uqhubeke nokuhlobisa i-flowerbed engadini kuze kube yilapho kubanda khona kuqala.

I-Rudbeckia i-perennial

Kuyaziwa kabanzi eRussia Federation ngenxa yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Ukuthandwa kuhlotshaniswa nokuqhakaza kwezimbali isikhathi eside, ukuzithoba kanye nokunakekelwa kalula. Abaqambi bomhlaba bakhetha ukusebenzisa iMarmelad noma iYantar rudbeckia kumaphrojekthi, futhi abahlali basefulethini bahlobisa ama-balconies nama-loggias weBeka engaphansi, ngoba ubukhulu bawo abudluli cm cm. Ukukhetha okukhulu kwezinhlobo kukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe izimbali kukho konke ukunambitheka, udale ingadi yezimbali engajwayelekile, ukuhlobisa indawo engemihle esizeni eduze kwendlu.

Ungaqhakaza kanjani

Imvelaphi nokubukeka kwe-rudbeckia

Rudbeckia imbali lilungu lomndeni wakwa-Asteraceae, oveza izinhlobo ezingama-40. Izimo zemvelo zokukhula kwalo insimu engxenyeni esenyakatho Melika. AmaKoloniyali, aqale ukuhlangana nezimbali ezingajwayelekile, aqala ukuzikhulisa njengezihlobisa. Ngosizo lwabo, basakazekela ngokushesha eYurophu.

Ngabe i-rudbeckia ibukeka kanjani

Izici Key:

• isiqu sivele, sambozwa nge-villi encane, senza umbala oselangeni ekukhanyeni kwelanga;
• amahlamvu - okusaqanda, okuphakathi kancane, okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu noma okuphelele. Ingaphezulu lidwetshwe ngombala okhanyayo oluhlaza okotshani;
• ama-inflorescence afana nebhasikidi ubukhulu obungafika ku-20 cm. Ingxenye ephakathi imbali iyi-convex, brownish noma i-blackish;
• i-petal yemibala ephuzi, owolintshi, onsomi, opinki, obomvana ngokubomvu, onsomi nemibala e-olintshi.

Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-rudbeckia zisetshenziswa

Phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali, izinhlobo zezimbali ezilandelayo zithandwa kakhulu.

I-Rudbeckia elahliwe (i-Rudbeckia Laciniata)

Ikhula ibe ngu-2 m, uhlelo lwezimpande lugqinsiwe, luvundlile. Amashidi aphansi yi-cirrus-tata, kanti angenhla ahlukaniswe kathathu. Cishe u-10 cm ngaphesheya kwe-inflorescence-basket, aqukethe imigqa eminingana ophuzi ophuzi obukeka njengebhola. Ukuqhakaza kwama-rudbeckia aqukethe cishe izinyanga ezi-2, isikhathi siqala ngoJulayi. Phakathi kwayo, cishe sonke isihlahla simbozwe ngezimbali.

I-Rudbeckia occidentalis

Amabhasi asukela ngosayizi asukela ku-1,2 kuye ku-1.5 m. Izimbali zeRudbeckia zifana ne-chamomile enephunga elimnandi noma elingelona elesiNgisi. Isimo sazo sifana nesigaxa noma isigaxa sombala omnyama ngombala omnyama obhulowu. Isikhathi sezimbali - ukusuka maphakathi noJuni kuya ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Izinhlobo ezimbili zezimbali zasentshonalanga sezisabalale eRussia: Green Wizard neBlack Beauty. Zombili azesabi isimo sezulu esomile.

Ubuhle Obumnyama

I-Giant rudbeckia (i-Rudbeckia maxima)

I-perennial ihlukile:

• umdwebo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuthinta kwe-wax;
• izimbali zangaphandle zombala ophuzi ophuzi;
• amacembe engxenyeni emaphakathi yombala omnyama;
• ubhasikidi we-inflorescence osesimweni sesigaxa se-oblong.

Ubukhulu obuphakathi kwe-rudbeckia enkulu ingamamitha ayi-1,2,5,5. Izinhlobonhlobo azivumelani nesithwathwa nesomiso, zithanda ukukhula lapho kukhanya ilanga noma esithunzini esikhanya ngokwengxenye. Ukuqala kwezimbali kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi, ukuphela - ngesonto lokuqala likaSepthemba.

I-Glossy rudbeckia (Rudbeckia Nitida)

Ifinyelela ku-250 cm, yehluka ngezimbali ezinkulu. Obhasikidi bezimbali bangumbala ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani, omnyama omkhulu, umbala wegolide. Amahlamvu ama-rudbeckia acwebezelayo anama-denticles emaphethelweni, a-lanceolate nge-tint emnyama eluhlaza. Izimbali ziqala ngoJulayi futhi zihlala kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba.

I-Rudbeckia yinhle noma inhle (Rudbeckia Speciosa)

Amabhuthi awadluli ku-60 cm, amahlamvu angalingani ngasemaphethelweni, ukwakheka okungaphakathi noma koyindilinga. I-inflorescences ubukhulu ayiwedluli ku-10 cm, iqukethe:

• izimbali eziphakathi nendawo ezinombala onsundu;
• yangaphandle - umbala ophuzi-owolintshi, ekugcineni kwesibambo esinamazinyo amathathu.

Izinhlobo ezidumile zeRudbeckia Hybrid (Rudbeckia Hybrida)

Ama-hybrid ayesuswa ezinhlotsheni eziningana ze-rudbeckia. Izici ezijwayelekile:

• ama-inflorescence amakhulu kuwo wonke ama-19 cm;
• amabala ansundu asenkabeni exutshwe ne-violet;
• umthunzi onsundu-ophuzi ongaphandle ufinyelela ku-15 cm ubude.

Gloriosa Daisy

Ubukhulu bamabhushi e-hybrid awudluli ku-120 cm. Ibhasikidi le-inflorescence lingama-16 cm yonkana, lihlukanisa imigqa engu-1-3 yamaphalishi ahlanganisiwe noma acacile anethanjana eliphuzi. Umaphakathi upendiwe ngombala onsundu onsundu. Izinhlobonhlobo zibonakala ngezimbali eziningi, ziyakwazi ukuhlwanyelwa ngokukhululeka ngokuzimela.

Gloriosa Daisy

Kabili Daisy

Amahlumela aqhakaze kakhulu, iziqu zinendawo eqinile, ubukhulu bungamamitha ayi-1,2. Amahlamvu angamabhasikidi onke anamaqanda, ama-terry-inflorescence kuwo wonke amasentimitha ayi-17. Endaweni enelanga yokukhula, izimbali ziningi. Izimbali ziphuzi kuya nsundu.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-rudbeckia yonyaka

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zincwadi ezithandwayo minyaka yonke.

I-Hairy Rudbeckia (Rudbeckia Hirta)

Kubhekiselwa ezinhlotsheni ezijwayelekile ezinamahlumela aminyene futhi alukhuni, ingaphezulu kwawo libukeka lilukhuni ngenxa yezinwele eziqhekekile. Amagqabantshintshi acishe abe yi-10 cm ubude ngama notches ngasemaphethelweni kanye noxhaxha wombala oluhlaza okhethiwe. Izimbali zinombala ophuzi wegolide, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu nokumhlophe, usayizi ojwayelekile usukela ku-0.8 kuya kumamitha ayi-1. U-biennial, eRussia ukhula njengohlobo lonyaka. Ukusakazeka kwe-hirt rudbeckia kwenziwa ngembewu.

Abalimi baseRussia bathanda ukutshala izinhlobo zasehlobo zaseNdiya, i-cherry brandy, i-cappuccino.

I-Rudbeckia bicolor (i-Rudbeckia Bicolor)

Abalimi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu okuhlukahlukene kulula ukukhulisa kune-terry (enoboya) rudbeckia. Kungokwasezakhi zeminyaka zokuhlobisa, azikhuli ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1. Izimbali ezinomsuka omnyama, umjikelezo omnyama wangaphakathi we-orange nomjikelezo wangaphandle ophuzi.

Izimbali zithanda izindawo ezinelanga lapho zikhula khona ngenkuthalo. Izinhlobonhlobo zazivumelanisa kahle nezimo zasendaweni, ukufika esizeni kwenzeka ngoMeyi wezinsuku. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka kuze kube sekwindla. Ama-inflorescence anombala omuhle: kusuka ophuzi noma owolintshi-ophuzi ngokushintshela obomvu. Ingxenye emaphakathi yomthunzi omnyama.

Ithoni ezimbili

Ukuqonda i-rudbeckia (Rudbeckia Amplexicaulis)

Ubungako obujwayelekile besihlahla abudluli ku-80 cm, amaqabunga ayindilinga, aqonde kancane, akhombe phezulu, ngasemaphethelweni kukhona unqenqemeni olwenziwe ngamazinyo amancane. Isithako sombala onsundu siphakeme ngo-0.3 cm, amacembe aphezulu we-rudbeckia aphuzi.

Umngcele

I-Rudbeckia Triloba

Mude ngonyaka ngu-0.6-1 m. Igatsha elibalelwa ezansi, limbozwe ngezinwele ezinzima. Amahlamvu awumbala noma ovoid ngombala oluhlaza ojulile nobude obungu-12 cm. Ububanzi bobhasikidi buyi-3-4 cm, izimbali zangaphakathi zimnyama futhi zibomvu, ezingaphandle ziwolintshi futhi ziphuzi, ubude be-2 cm. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali akufani ngesikhathi.

Ukutshala kwangaphandle kwezimbali ze-rudbeckia

Inhlanyelo yokutshala engenambewu ilungele kuphela isimo sezulu esifudumele, eSiberia nasenyakatho, izithombo kufanele ziqale zikhule. Uma izihlahla zikhule kusuka imbewu etshalwe ngqo emhlabathini, khona-ke ukuzijwayeza kubonisa ukuthi ngeke ziqhakaze ehlobo lokuqala.

Ukutshala imbewu emhlabathini

Le nketho ilungele zonke izinhlobo ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ze-terry. Ukufakelwa indawo kwenziwa ngoJuni 14-20 emibhedeni elungiselelwe kwangaphambili:

• phakathi kwezitshalo kumele kube khona ibanga le-15 cm;
• ukwehlukanisa kwenziwa ukujula kwe-1-2 cm;
• imbewu imbozwe ungqimba oluncane lomhlaba;
• imibhede eniselwa kakhulu, ilandelela ukuvuthwa ngengozi kwezinto zokutshala.

Cishe kuya kuSepthemba, kuzovela izisekelo ezincane ezinamahlamvu amahlamvu esizeni sokutshala imbewu. Amahlathi aminyene akhula kusuka kuwo ehlobo elizayo, azoqala ukuqhakaza ngaphambili kunalawo atshalwe entwasahlobo.

Ukukhetha indawo okuhlanyelwa kuyo

Izinhlobonhlobo azidingi inhlabathi ekhethekile, ikhula kahle emhlabeni wobumba. Abazithandi okotshani nomoya, izindawo ezinomthunzi. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho banikeza izeluleko zokutshala ezindaweni ezinamabala amaningi enomhlabathi omncane ovundile.

Izithombo

Inconyelwe isimo sezulu esibandayo noma uma kwentwasahlobo sekwephuzile. Umkhuba ukhombisile ukuthi ukwephula imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela kuholela ekubonakaleni kwamahlumela abuthakathaka afa lapho izinga lokushisa lehla ubusuku nemini.

Ukutshala imbewu yezithombo

Zitshalwe emabhokisini amancane akhethekile amayunithi angama-1-2. Umhlabathi ezitsheni ungakamunyiswa ngaphambili, amasimu ambozwe ngenhlabathi enwebekile. Isitsha simbozwe ifilimu, sidluliselwe egumbini elinokushisa okungu-20-22 ° C. Amahlumela alindele emavikini angama-1-2.

Izithombo ezikhulayo

Ngaphambi kokuqothuka kokuqala, ukuthambisa kwezitshalo kwenziwa njengoba kunesidingo, iziqukathi zidluliswa ngezikhathi ezithile, zisusa i-condensate kwifilimu. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamabili amaqabunga, amahlathi atshalwa ukuze angaphazamisi ukukhula komunye nomunye.

Izithombo lukhuni

Hardening iqala ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Amabhokisi enziwa amahora ama-3-4 kwi-loggia noma ithala elikhanyisiwe.

Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile

Umsebenzi wokufakelwa uqala ngokuqala kokushisa. Uma ebusuku lehla kakhulu, khona-ke imibhede idinga ukumbozwa nge-agrospan, ngaphandle kwalokho ukukhula okuncane kungafa. Ukutshala kwenziwa ibanga le-0.3-0.4 m phakathi kwezihlahla. Ngemuva kokutshala izinhlobo zemvelo, ingaphezulu limbozwe ngomquba ongungqimba olungama-8 cm.

Ukunakekela Izimbali ZaseRudbeckia Engadini

Ababekezeleli ukugcotshwa kwamanzi, bazivumelanise kalula nesomiso. Uma izimbali zikhula endaweni enelanga, khona-ke ukuzinakekela akunzima.

Imodi yokunisela

Amabhasi aniselwa ekuseni noma kusihlwa, imvamisa yokuchelela kuya ngesimo sezulu. Ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye komhlaba kudinga ukukhululwa ukhula.

Ungayondla kanjani i-rudbeckia yezimbali eziqhakazayo

Umanyolo wethulwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, preference inikezwa izithasiselo eziyinkimbinkimbi amaminerali aqukethe potassium. Ezinhlotsheni ezingapheli, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa entwasahlobo, kufaka phakathi okulandelayo:

• potassium sulfate;
• i-Agricola-7;
• nitrophosco.

Ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi, kuthathwa u-1. ukhezo wesithako ngasinye, ngoba imitha ngayinye yombhede iyadingeka 3 l yengxube. Inqubo iphindwa ngemuva kwamasonto angama-2-3. Ukuqhakaza okuphathelene nokuvela kokufakwa kotshani obulu kakhulu kuzosiza ukwelula isikhathi sokuqhakaza. Kuthululelwa phakathi kwehlobo, lapho ama-rudbeckia eqala ukuqhakaza.

Ukuzalanisa iRudbeckia

Izinhlobo zonyaka zivame ukusakazwa ngembewu, ama-perennials ama-rudbeckia ahlukaniswe nge-rhizome.

Ukusakazeka kweRudbeckia ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla

Ungatshala kanjani i-rudbeckia yasentwasahlobo: inqubo yenziwa njalo eminyakeni emihlanu. Amakesi amadala ayembiwa, ahlukaniswe izingxenye eziningi. Izithombo eziphumayo zitshalwa emhlabathini ngokuhambisana nebanga.

Ukusakazwa kwembewu

Izinto zokutshala akufanele zitshalwe ngokujulile, ngoba kungenzeka zingakhuphuki. Udinga ukuhlwanyela uqonde ku-1-2 cm, uthele ungqimba oluncane lomhlaba ngaphezulu. Amahlumela okuqala avela emva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-7 kusukela ngosuku lokuhlwanyela.

Ukuqoqwa kanye nokugcinwa kwembewu ye-rudbeckia

Ukuvuthwa kokugcina kwembewu kwenzeka ekwindla. Ukuvunwa kuqala ngemuva kokuthi bomile kahle emithini. Imbewu esebenzayo kakhulu itholakala engxenyeni ephakathi yezimbali, iqoqwe ngogilavu ​​werabha. Ngemuva kokuphothula izinqubo, impahla ihlakazeka ebusweni bephephandaba, ibekwe eceleni egumbini elinomoya omncane.

Ukuhamba nokunakekela abaqalayo iminyaka eminingi ye-rudbeckia kulula. Nendawo efanele, izokuqhakaza kakhulu ngaphambi kwezinsuku zokuwa, kanti ezinye izinhlobo ziyaqhakaza.