Ama-blueberries yi-berry enhle kakhulu, ephilile futhi enempilo. Uyakujabulela ukudla okuluhlaza, engeza ku-yogurt, i-oatmeal kanye ne-dessert, ukwenza i-jam, ijusi namanye amalungiselelo. Abanye bakhetha ukuyiqoqa ehlathini, futhi abalimi abanolwazi bahlume ngempumelelo amahlathi emhlabathini wabo. Konke okuphathelene nama-blueberries, okukhulayo nokuwunakekela kamuva kusihloko sethu.
Izincomo zokukhetha izinto zokutshala
Okubaluleke kakhulu kokutshala kukhona amahlumela amabili noma amathathu eminyaka nge-clod yomhlaba ezimpandeni, okumele kube nemvula ngaphambi kokutshala.
Amathiphu okutshala ama-blueberries engadini
UBilberry uyisitshalo sehlathi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba kube nemibandela efanayo ekhaya, ngesikhathi sokutshala nokunakekelwa kwayo. 
Izikhathi ezihle zokufika
Ungatshala ama-blueberries ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala sibhekwa ngo-Okthoba noNovemba (ekuqaleni).
Ukukhetha indawo esakhiweni sama-blueberries
Indawo engokwemvelo yokukhula kwama-blueberries iyinhlanzi ye-pine, ngakho-ke ukutshala ama-blueberries ezweni kudingeka kuqinisekiswe umswakama okwanele nokuphendula kwe-asidi yenhlabathi. Izitshalo ze-blueberries zikhula kangcono endaweni enelanga, kunokuba zibe emthunzini, futhi umswakama owenziwe ngokweqile womhlabathi awuthandekile kuwo.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-blueberries, ama-lingonberries, i -erica kanye ne-rhododendron ku-landscape design isetshenziselwa ukuhlela izivande zasemaphandleni.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela kusayithi
Inhlabathi evamile engadini ye-blueberries ayifanelekile, ezimweni ezingafaneleki, iyophendulela futhi ibuye ifinyelele, ngakho-ke inhlabathi kufanele ikulungele kuqala. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kusengaphambili: uma uhlela ukufika ngo-Okthoba, zonke izinyathelo kumele zenziwe ngaphambi kukaSepthemba. Esihlahleni ngasinye senza imbobo eyi-1.5 mx 1.5 m ngobukhulu kanye no-0.6m ejulile. Uma inhlabathi ilula, kwanele ukubeka ama-peat chips, ukuhlanzwa kwekhishi, i-sawdust, igxolo eliqoshiwe noma amaqabunga e-oak aphelile ngo-2: 1. Isibabule esinamanzi (150-250 g ngalinye nge-sq. M.) Siqinisa inhlabathi ngisho nangaphezulu. Ehlabathini enzima yengeza isihlabathi somfula. Ngaphambi kokutshala inhlabathi emgodini kufanele ixazulule.
Uyazi? I-Blueberry iwumuthi omuhle oju. Ubusikabhakabhisi ujabule kakhulu, kunomdlavuza omnandi kanye ne-tinge ebomvu.
Iphethini elihle lokufika
Uma ufuna ukutshala amahlumela e-blueberry emgqeni owodwa, ibanga eliphakathi kwehlathi kufanele libe yi-1.5 m. Ukutshala emigqeni emibili, shiya u-2.5 m phakathi kwehlathi. Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-blueberries, izimpande zezithombo zidinga ukuqondiswa futhi inhlabathi ikhululiwe. Emhlabathini olungiselelweko, senza umgodi ngokulingana nobukhulu bempande, ukuyihlwanyela, ukutshala isihlahla bese usimboza ngomhlabathi. Umhlaba ozungeze isitshalo kumele uhlanganiswe futhi uphuze.
Uyazi? Igama elibizwa ngokuthi i-bilberry lithi i-Vaccinium myrtillus. Igama lesi-generic livela egameni lesiLatini elithi "cow" ("vacca"), ngoba amaqabunga ezinhlobo ezithile afaneleka ekudleni kwemfuyo, futhi ethize - kusukela ngegama elithi "myrtus" ("myrtus") ngenxa yokufana kwama-blueberries anemifino emincane.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa kwenkathi ye-blueberries engadini
Uma unakekela izitshalo ze-blueberries zensimu yizinyathelo ezibalulekile ezifana nokuchelela, ukusilalisa, ukukhulula inhlabathi, ukuxubha, ukusika izihlahla.
Indlela yokuqhuba ukuchelela
Ama-blueberries adinga ukuchelela njalo, kodwa hhayi amaningi kakhulu. Umswakama owedlulele ungabangela izifo.
Weeding futhi ukhululeke inhlabathi
Izimpande zeBrabberry zikhona cishe emhlabathini, ngakho-ke eduze kwesihlahla esivumayo kufanele senziwe ngokuqapha okukhulu, ekujuleni okuncane (cishe ngo-3 cm).
Indima ye-mulch
I-mulch iyasiza ukunciphisa imvamisa yokukhipha, ukugcina umswakama emhlabathini, ukulwa nokhula, kanti ehlobo ayivumeli ungqimba olungenhla lomhlabathi ukuthi ludlulele. Kungcono ukubeka phansi eduze kwesitshalo, ngaphandle kokuvala intamo yentambo, ungqimba lwe-sawdust ububanzi obuyi-10 cm futhi uhlanganise kancane nomhlabathi. Enye indlela enhle ye-mulch isetshenziselwe ukuhlanza ikhishi. Ngomthelela omncane, ungasebenzisa utshani namagqabi awile.
Indlela yokugqoka
Ama-blueberries azokubonga ngesivuno esivulekile uma ubondla kahle. Umanyolo we-organic for berryberry ingadi ingaba umquba, umquba noma i-peat chips. Njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3 basebenziselwa ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi ngesilinganiso sika 3-4 kg ngamitha yendawo ngayinye. Kusuka kumanyolo wamaminerali, i-superphosphate, i-ammonium superphosphate, ne-potassium magnesia. E-acidity ephansi yenhlabathi (pH ngaphezulu kuka-5.0), isulfure oluyimpuphu (50-60 g) yengezwa ngonyaka ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye. Nge-mulching yekhwalithi, le nqubo ingakhetha kukho.
Kubalulekile! Njalo eminyakeni embalwa, kuhle ukuhlola impendulo yomhlabathi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngosizo lwephepha le-litmus: bafaka inhlabathi enomswakama kuwo futhi balinde ushintsho lombala. I-pH enhle yama-blueberries i-3.8.
Ukusika izihlahla
Ukulima okufanelekile kwensimu ye-blueberry kungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kokusika izikhwalithi eziphezulu, njengoba izihlahla zikhula kakhulu. Ukukhipha izihlahla kungcono kakhulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho ama-blueberries engangeni esiteji sokuvuvukala kwehlumela. Ukusika izihlahla ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kungaholela ekuvuneni okuphansi. Uma utshala izihlahla ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-3 ubudala, emva kokutshala, amagatsha kufanele ahlukaniswe ukuphakama kwama-20 cm ukuze isitshalo sikhule amahlumela amancane. Lapho isihlahla sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-3-4, sidinga ukusika izihlahla njalo. Isihlahla esinempilo sinamagatsha angu-6-8, wonke amagatsha abonakalisiwe, omile noma onesifo kufanele asuswe. Amahlumela amancane asusiwe, amajikijolo amancane afaka kuwo futhi avuthwe isikhathi eside. Izihlahla ezindala ezineminyaka engama-15 kunconywa ukuthi zifeze izihlahla eziguga ukuguga kuze kufike ku-20 cm. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukugcina isivuno. 
Uyazi? Emzaneni waseTranscarpathian waseGuklyny kunesikhumbuzo kuphela se-blueberries e-Ukraine, noma i-yafina, njengoba beyibiza kulezi zingxenye. Umzana ukhona phakathi kwezigodi zezintaba zaseBurzhava, lapho kukhona khona "amasimu ama-blueberry" amakhulu.
Ukuvikelwa kwezinambuzane nezifo
Ukuze uvimbele izitshalo ezivela ezinambuzane nezifo, kubalulekile ukuqoqa nokushisa amaqabunga awile, kuze kube semasimini ahlaselwa njalo.
Njengoba kunqotshwa amaqabunga amaqabunga e-bilberry, izihlahla ziphathwa ngezinambuzane, futhi zifakwe nge-Bordeaux liquid kusukela esikhungweni. I-Miskosferelioz ithinta amaqabunga obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okwenza izindawo ezibomvu-ezimnyama. Lesi sitshalo sihlanjululwa ngesisombululo se "Topsina" noma "Fundazole" (2 g ngalinye 1 l amanzi). Ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama emagqabeni kusho ukuthi lesi sitshalo sibanjwe nokugqwala, isilinganiso sokulawula sizoba ukusetshenziswa kwezifungicide ezikhethekile zokulwa nokugqwala. Isikhumba esinamafu singabhubhisa isivuno samajikijolo. Ukuze ulwisane nalo, lesi sitshalo sihlanjululwa ngesisombululo se-Bordeaux uketshezi: okokuqala - ngaphambi kokuzimbali, okwesibili - emva, kwesithathu - emavikini ambalwa. Futhi wasebenzisa ama-fungicides ("Topsin", "Fundazol", "Euparin").
Uyazi? U-Audrey Hepburn we-Oscar-winning soundtrack eya efilimu "Ukudla kwasekuseni nguTiffany" kwakuyingoma ethi "Moon River" ("Moon River"). Inemigqa: "Silandela u-rainbow, umngane wami we-huckleberry, uMfula oMfula nami", okuhunyushwa ngokuthi: "Silandela umkhawulo owodwa wobuningi, obulindile ekhoneni - umngane othembekile, umfula wenyanga kanye nami. " Inkulumo ethi "umngane we-huckleberry" ngokwezwi nezwi isho ukuthi "umngane we-blueberry." Umlobi wophiko, uJohnny Mercer, ngaleyo ndlela waphuthukisa izinkumbulo ezingenasici zobuntwaneni bakhe, lapho yena nabangane bakhe beqoqa ama-blueberries ngasemfuleni.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ama-blueberries avunwa kusukela maphakathi noJuni kuze kuqale kuka-September. Njengoba amajikijolo avuthwa ngokungalingani, athathwa ngezikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-5-10. Ukuqoqa kungcono ukungathathi isikhwama, kodwa ibhakede leplastiki. Amajikijolo akhetha amnyama, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nophethile wonke. Ukuze uqhekeze ubhedu kusuka esiteshini, udinga ukupheqa kuwo, ubeke ngobumnene ngeminwe emibili.
Ukuqoqa amajikijolo, ungasebenzisa nokuhlanganisa okukhethekile. Ibukeka njenge-scoop, ehlanganiswa nomzimba nesiphathi. Ingaphansi komzimba ifakwe "ikhefu" lezinduku. Ukuze uvimbele amajikijolo angangeni ekuphumeni, kukhona umnyango ohlanganyelwe phambi kwedivayisi. Le ndlela ishesha kakhulu futhi ilula inqubo yokuvuna, kodwa amaqabunga angangena ngaphakathi ngamajikijolo. Uma inhlanganisela iyenziwe ngokwayo noma ikhwalithi empofu, iyakwazi ukulimaza ehlathini. Vumela abaqoqi berry nge injini yephethiloli futhi ipompo itholakale ngokuthengisa.
Idivaysi elula ingakhiwa kusuka i-hose ne-plastic bullet. Sifaka i-hose emngceleni, bese sihlehlisa enye ibhange. Amajikijolo aphonswa emgodini, ngokusebenzisa i-hose, awela ebhakedeni.
Ngaphezu kwamajikijolo, amaqabunga e-blueberry abuye avunwe. Ngo-Meyi, lapho ama-blueberries eqala ukuqhakaza, amahlumela angewona izimbali ahlumela amahlumela aluhlaza noma amaqabunga ahlukene aphethwe ngezikhali futhi omisiwe. Zisetshenziswa njengezidakamizwa ezine-hemostatic, astringent, urinary kanye ne-choleretic, impumuzo yokuqinisa.
Izinzuzo eziphezulu zingatholakala kusuka ku-blueberries fresh. Ngesikhathi sokushisa kwezinga, zingagcinwa amasonto angama-6. Kusuka izithelo ungakwazi ukupheka compote kanye jam, iqhwa, mash ne ushukela. Iseluleko sokugcina isikhathi eside: kuhle ukubhaka amabhodlela e-glass kuhhavini, ukumboza ama-blueberries ehlutshiwe, ugobe bese ugcwalisa nge-wax. Gcina endaweni epholile.
Kubalulekile! Kukholelwa ukuthi ama-blueberries angathuthukisa umbono futhi aphulukise ezinye izifo zamehlo, kodwa izifundo zokwelapha kulo magazini azikwenziwanga. Noma kunjalo, izakhiwo zamajikijolo zinenzuzo emehlweni.
Izindlela zokuzalanisa eBilberry
Ngokuba i-bilberry iyindlela efanele yokukhiqiza imbewu. Izihlahla ezincane ze-bilberry zizofaka fruiting hhayi ngokushesha. Uma lesi sitshalo sitholakala enzalweni, amajikijolo kuzodingeka alinde iminyaka engu-5-6. Endabeni yokuzalanisa ama-cuttingsberry cuttings - okusheshayo kancane.
Imbewu yeBlueberry
Ukuze uthole imbewu kusuka amajikijolo, udinga ukuwagcoba bese uxuba ngamanzi. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, imbewu engenalutho kanye nezinsalela zamajikijolo ziyahamba phezulu. Amanzi kufanele alondolozwe aze ahlanzeke futhi imbewu ihlale phansi. Siwaxosha esitsheni bese siwomisa emgqeni wephepha. Esikhathini esizayo, kungenzeka ukutshala ama-blueberries embewu ngokuqondile kuwo, ukusika ube yimichilo. Ukutshala imbewu ye-bilberry kwenziwa emabhokisini noma emabhodwe nge peat. Emasontweni ambalwa, amahlumela avela. Ebusika, isitsha esinamahlumela kumele sigcinwe ekamelweni elikhanyayo elinamazinga okushisa ama-5-10 ° C. Ngentwasahlobo, izitshalo kumele zidonswe, bese - ukukhula, nokutshala endaweni engunaphakade ngonyaka ozayo.
Kubalulekile! Ngokuba ukutshala ama-blueberries yizona ezifanele imbewu ezivela amajikijolo amaqhwa. Ngaphambi kokutshala, zisuswe futhi ziphathwa ngokugqugquzela ukukhula.
Uhlukana
Ngalolu hlelo lokukhiqiza, isitshalo somama sivunwa ekwindla futhi sihlukaniswe ngezihlahla ezincane (ama-biological units akha i-shrub), okungcono ngama-buds ama-5 ahleliwe. Ukufika kwenzeka ngendlela evamile.
Cuttings
Izinto zokuxhunyelelwa yizihlumela ezinobuningi be-varietal blueberries. Ekupheleni kukaJuni - ukuqala kukaJulayi, izicucu ze-4-6 cm ubude zinqunywa ngommese obukhali obunzima. Amaqabunga aphansi kufanele asuswe futhi konke okuncishisiwe kufinyelelwe isigamu ukunciphisa ukufudumala komswakama. Umkhawulo wokusika unconywa ukuthi uphathwe nge-stimulator yezimpande. Okulandelayo udinga ukulungiselela amandla okutshala: uthele u-6-8 cm we-peat noma inhlabathi enjenge-peat ebhokisini no-2-3 cm we-washed river sand. Ama-cuttings kufanele abekwe esihlabathini ukuze angafinyeleli ungqimba we-peat, futhi phezulu kufanele kuhlanganiswe nefilimu noma ingilazi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, ama-cuttings adingeka ukuba aphiwe futhi aphucwe njalo, isihlabathi akufanele some. Entwasahlobo, izihlahla ezinamandla kakhulu zidluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ukwandisa ama-blueberries kusayithi akuyona inqubo elula, edinga ulwazi, umzamo nokubekezela, ngoba isivuno esihlahleni esitshalwe kufanele silinde iminyaka eminingana.
