Uma kufika isikhathi sokuhlakulela ingadi yemifino, makube entwasahlobo noma ekwindla ukumba noma ukulimaza, abalimi abaningi banamathele emakhanda abo ngokuphelelwa ithemba. Le nqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi echitha isikhathi ngaphandle kokwazi imithetho yayo ingaba yinkinga enkulu. Kakhulu kakhudlwana kubaqalayo abathwala ifosholo, njengento yangaphandle. Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela ezilula futhi ezifanele zokusebenza ezweni elizokusiza ukuthi wenze lula le nqubo.
Indlela yokumba, imiyalelo
Abalimi abaningi bayeluleka lapho bemba noma behlwanyela ukumba kuze kufike phansi kwe-bayonet yonke yefosholo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuguqula umhlabathi ophezulu ngembewu yokhula, amaminerali kanye namanyolo aphilayo, afafazwa phansi, phansi kwe-fossa eyakhiwe.
Ekubeni, indlela ephumelela kakhulu yindlela yokudlula - ukumba umhlabathi ngemigodi engu-40 cm ububanzi, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kobubanzi be-bayonet. Indawo okumele igukwe ingqondo ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili. Umugqa wokuqala wemigqa ibamba, bese kuthi umugqa wesibili ungcwatshwe. Ngakho-ke, izingqimba zomhlabathi zigcwele umoya-mpilo nezakhi. Le ndlela inconywa uma kwenzeka ufaka umhlabathi ngomquba noma umquba.
Emva kokuhlakaza ensimini, bamba phansi ukuze usatshalaliswe. "Umbhede" womquba uyasebenza futhi: faka umquba phansi komsele bese uwafafaza umhlaba. Uma inhlabathi yensimu yakho idinga i-lime, akufanele ixutshwe nomquba - ingangena ekusebenzeni kwamakhemikhali.
Kubalulekile! I-lime kufanele ihlakazeke phezu kwesakhiwo, hhayi ukumbelwa.
Kungcono ukumba umhlabathi, ukugcina i-bayonet ye-spade endaweni eqondile. Lokhu kuzokwandisa umhlaba ongasetshenzisiwe ngenxa yokungena okujulile nokusiza ukuhlukana kwamabele.
Ingabe kuyadingeka, futhi nini ukumba emhlabathini ekwindla
Lo mbuzo uyisikhubekiso sabalimi abaningi. Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi ukumba ingadi yemifino ekwindla akusiyo ingqondo, kuyilapho abanye, belandela izindlela zendabuko zokulima, bathi lokhu kuzokwandisa isivuno ngonyaka ozayo. Sizoveza izingxabano eziningana ezizokusiza ukuthi uphendule umbuzo wokuthi ngabe ukumba umhlaba ekuwa.
Izinzuzo zokumba kwenhlabathi ekwindla yilokho ungqimba oluphezulu lwamacembe, amahlumela nezinye izitshalo zezitshalo eziwela ebhodini elingaphakathi lomhlabathi bese zibola phezu ebusika, futhi izimpungushe zezinambuzane eziningi ezinambuzane ziphakama emhlabeni futhi zifa ngezinyoni noma frost ebusika. Umhlabathi uhlotshaniswa nama-microorganisms azitrogenous acushiwe kusuka oksijeni.
Ukuphazamiseka kuyintoukuthi lapho ugoba inhlabathi, ubeka imbewu yokhula, ubasize ebusika futhi ukhuphuke entwasahlobo.
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukumba ekwindla kuyadingeka ukuze ucingo isakhiwo.
Njengoba kuyaziwa, kunconywa ukumba umhlabathi ekwindla hhayi ngokujula kunama-10 cm, ngoba izinto eziwusizo ezitholayo ziyanyamalala.
Umbono owodwa mayelana nokumba ekwindla awukho. Inzuzo yukuthi ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba aluhlanganisi kakhulu ebusika, kanti entwasahlobo kuzothatha isikhathi esincane ukulungisa inhlabathi yokutshala.
Kubalulekile ukumba umhlaba ekwindla futhi ngoba ngaphansi kwebusika inhlabathi idinga ukudliwa. Lapho izimvula zokuqala zifika, sekwephuzile kakhulu ukumba umhlaba, ekwindla lesi sikhathi siphelela ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Ngakho kungcono ukuba yisikhathi phakathi nenyanga yale nyanga.
Ngidinga ukumba isakhiwo entwasahlobo
Uma ukumba ingadi entwasahlobo, kufanele ucabange ukuthi inhlabathi ikhuni ngaphezu kwebusika.
Indlela yokumba inhlabathi entwasahlobo? Uma usuyihlaba umhlabathi ekwindla, kanti entwasahlobo udinga kuphela ukulimaza inhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, izindawo zokugcina umswakama zizohlala, zivimbele ukomiswa kwezingxenye eziphezulu zenhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Ukumba umhlabathi entwasahlobo akufanele kube ojulile, amafosholo angamatshumi amabili.
Ukumba okungacacile kuzokusiza ukugcina izinto emhlabathini ongangcwaba kuwo ekwindla. Wonke ama-humus, umanyolo, umquba womzimba uzoba yisisekelo esihle kakhulu sokuvuna kwakho. Ukucebisa inhlabathi, njengoba kuyaziwa, kukhuthaza ukuhluma okusebenzayo kwembewu nokulondolozwa kwazo uma kunamaqhwa.
Uyazi? Entwasahlobo, asikho isidingo sokumba sonke isakhiwo: kungcono ukushiya amathrekhi, bese ukhula luyacasula kancane.
Kuyini okuwukuphela kwayo, nokuthi ungayilahla kanjani
I-sole iyigcawu lomhlaba ohlangene, obangelwa ukumba njalo isivinini semifino kuya ekujuleni okufanayo.
Ukuvela kwamagundane kuncike enhlabathini eyindayo (i-sod-podzolic, ubumba) nemifula. Kunconywa yonke iminyaka engu-4-6 ukuqhuba indawo yokumba amabili.
Kubalulekile! Ungayisebenzisi kabi ukumbumbulula ibunk. Izinto eziwusizo ziyanyamalala.
Iwona yodwa ivimbela ukukhula kwezitshalo eziningi zezimpande: isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, izaqathe, beet, u-anyanisi, i-parsley, njll, futhi ihlanekezela izimpande zazo.
Uma i-sole ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile, khona-ke kukhona ukunqwabelana kwamanzi, okufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni amabhaktheriya amabi nezinambuzane ezincane, ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwemifino.
Lahla lezi zingqimba zizosiza ukumbumbulula ingadi. Kunconywa ukuyibeka ekwindla ukuze i-microflora ewusizo ikwazi ukudala phakathi nobusika kanye nesikhathi sehlobo lokusasa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, gubha umcengezi kuze kube ububanzi be-bayonet yakho bese uphonsa ngezansi ngefologi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umhlaba emaphethelweni omsele kufanele futhi ukhululeke. Emva kokwenza umquba noma umquba. Ngenxa yokumba okunjalo, ububanzi obunamanzi bukhulisiwe, futhi umhlaba ugcwala umoya-mpilo, okudingekayo ekuthuthukiseni izinto eziwusizo, futhi izakhiwo zalo zomzimba nezamanzi ziyathuthukiswa.
Uyazi? Lapho ukumba kwe-bunk, ungqimba olungenhla lomhlabathi ophansi owenziwe.
Indlela yokumba inhlabathi eyizintombi
I-Tselina yizwe elingakaze libheke noma yikuphi ukucubungula, alilinywa yimuphi umuntu futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, liyingozi.
Uma unesiza esinjalo, khona-ke lesi yisizathu esihle sokukucubungula futhi uthole ukwaneliseka ngokokuziphatha nangokwenyama emiphumeleni. Uma nje ubutha amandla, amathuluzi nokuphefumulela, ungaqhubeka ngokushesha. Kodwa phawula ukuthi lo msebenzi ombi novivinyo.
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukhetha isayithi, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi kunezidingo eziseduze: amanzi, isitolo, isiteshi segesi, imigwaqo.
Kungenzeka ukucubungula inhlabathi eyizinsizwa ngosizo lobuchwepheshe, futhi ngokuzimela (kuxhomeke empilweni yakho). Indlela yokucubungula ilula, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ucabange lokho, ngaphandle kwetractorta, ungagcini inhlabathi enhle, cabanga ngamagundane nemilenze yakho. Ithuluzi elihle, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, mahhala, ukunqoba inhlabathi encane.
Ukucubungula ngamanothi kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi yinkathi echitha isikhathi. Okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha inkathi efanele. Ngoba umsebenzi onjalo yisikhathi esiphelele sekwindla yokumba. Njengoba udinga ukukhipha indawo yakho elahliwe kusuka enokhula yokucubungula inhlabathi, bese uqala ngokukhetha umshini wokugesi. Ungathatha okwejwayelekile, kepha isikhathi sokusebenza sizokhula.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhlwanyela utshani kanye nokhula emhlabathini ongenamaphesenti kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokushisa.
Uzodinga futhi ukudoba. Kungcono ukumba umhlabathi osencane ezincekwini, uhlukanise ngosizo lwezintambo. Udinga ukumba kungenani okungenani u-15 cm. Shiya indawo yokukhiya isikhashana ukuze ume. Khona-ke udinga ukuhamba kuso nge-pitchfork bese uhlanza umhlaba.
Uma ugoba inhlabathi engashadile, kubalulekile ukuba ube nesineke, ngoba into enjalo, ngenxa yinkimbinkimbi yayo, ivame ukuhlala ishiywe.
Kungenzeka yini ukwenza lula inqubo yokumba
Ukuze ulondoloze isikhathi nemizamo, kubalulekile ukulungisa indlela yokumba.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhetha ifosho elungile. Isibambo saso kufanele sibe namandla, bushelelezi futhi siphume ngokwanele. Lokhu kuzokuvikela ekulimazeni kwesundu kanye nokuphazamiseka okungalindelekile. I-blade ye-bayonet idinga ukuqiniswa kahle-ke inqubo izohamba ngokushesha.
Udinga ukuzivikela ekulimazeni (ukuxubha amakholi, ukuhlunga). Amagundane omsebenzi kumele abe nesigca esinezinhlanzi, bese isandla singasabeki esitokisini esithambile. Izinketho zikhetha uhlobo oluvaliwe ngotshani olunzima, ngoba uma luncane, kungase kube buhlungu ukucindezela unyawo phezu kwefosholo.
Njengoba kungenzeka ukwenza kube lula ukumba ingadi yemifino ngezindlela ezahlukene, ake siqale ngento elula - ukuthi ubamba kanjani ithuluzi.
Ifosholo kumele ibekwe ngokuzenzekelayo, i-bayonet emhlabathini. Ngonyawo lwakho, cindezela ulayini wefosholo, ngenkathi ubamba kahle isibambo ngezandla zombili. I-bayonet yefosholo idinga ukufakwa ekujuleni okudingekile kohlobo lokumba - ubude obugcwele noma ingxenye. Umlenze wokusebenza ungakhethwa ngokuqonda kwawo. Ngokujwayelekile abanikazi bokunene basebenzisa izimboni zangakwesokunxele nangakwesobunxele, ngokulandelana, kwesokunxele.
Ngokusho kwemithetho, ifosholo kanye ne-bayonet kufanele ibe yi-perpendicular to the ground, ngoba ngaphansi kokuthambekela awukwazi ukumba emhlabathini. Ukulinganisa izinga kungcono ukugcina okuphakathi.
Inqubo yokumba nokusebenza umhlaba kunzima, kodwa, ngokulandela iseluleko esilula futhi esiwusizo, uzokwenza lula lokhu msebenzi wonyaka. Ungesabi ukuzama - ukulimala kusekelwe kakhulu ekuhlangenwe nakho nasekuqaphelisweni komuntu siqu, kunezimo nemithetho.
