Apple ezihlukahlukene I-Altai crimson - Lezi zihlahla ezinama-apple ezihlotshisiwe ngokweqile.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zisakaze kakhulu nje, kodwa emva kwamashumi eminyaka ambalwa kuye kwaphumelela ukuqashelwa ku-CIS.
Abanikazi high ukumelana frost nokuhamba kahle izithelo.
Uhlobo luni?
Apple Altai Crimson - lokhu ehlukahlukene ekwindla.
Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo nokulungela ukuvuna kwenzeka ekupheleni ka-Agasti.
Akugcinwe izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu, indawo enconyiwe yokuvuna: izitsha nezindlu zangasese, ezihlukaniswe nokukhanya, ukushisa nokubandayo okukhulu.
Okwamanje isetshenziswa kakhulu eSiberia. Zoned ezindaweni zaseNtshonalanga zaseSiberia naseMpumalanga Siberia.
Ekwindla izinhlobo: Aelita, Gala, Cinnamon ezimthende, Bellefleur Kitaika, Sun, Rock, freshness, Prima, Sweet, Uspenskoe, Junior semvelo, Kutuzovets, Calvillo iqhwa, Imrus, Zhiguli, Long (Kitaika) zogwadule Petrov, Jonathan Volzanka , I-Borovinka, i-Aport Bloody Red.
Ukuvota
Ezihlukahlukene kukhona impova. Ngokusho kocwaningo luka 2007-2008, I-pollinator engcono kakhulu yabonwa: Isipho sabalimi, isivumelwano, umlilo, i-altai onobuhle.
Khumbula, ukuze impova iphumelele, kuyadingeka ukutshala umuthi we-pollinator eduze, ngokwanele cishe amamitha amathathu.
I-Altai Crimson incazelo ehlukahlukene
I-Altai Crimson Apple Tree iyisihlahla esikhulile esikhulekile esanele izithelo ezincane.
Kukhona umqhele omkhuluuphinda umumo we-oval. Ubungqabavu - isilinganiso somphakathi, ukukhula futhi isilinganiso. Ukukhula kwamagatsha kuqondiswa phezulu noma kufakwe engeni lika 90%.
Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kwenzeka ekupheleni kwezilinganiso ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa, kanye nasemasondo.
Umbala wamaqabunga ubuhlaza obumnyama, ubuso buyi-matte. Usayizi weLeaf ungaphakathi, oblong, oval.
Ukuzalwa akushiwo, iphoyinti likhonjiswe futhi likhomba ohlangothini. Ngasekugcineni kweqabunga, ama-stalk anezinhlanzi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
Isici esihlukile se-Altai crimson - Lena isithelo esincane esincane. Ngeshwa, lokhu kubhekwe izinhlobo ezincane. Isisindo sesithelo esisodwa sihlukahluka kusuka ku-25 kuya ku-30 amagremuUbuso bushelelezi, bushelelezi.
Umbala obomvu obomvu ubonakala esikhumbeni kusukela ohlangothini lapho ilanga lingawi khona, umthunzi wesizinda sangemuva uphuzi, futhi ezindaweni lapho kubomvu khona, ukuqhakaza kwebluish kukhulunywa ngokuqinile.
Ayikho i-rusting, i-funnel ine-size yobukhulu. Ikamelo lembewu livaliwe.
I-pulp ine-ukunambitheka okumnandi, kuyamnandi nge-hint of ubuhlungu. Umbala ukhilimu, emaphethelweni endlekeni yenzalo kukhona imifudlana ebomvu.
Isithombe
Umlando wokuzala
Ibanga le-Altai crimson lalinywa ngo-1963 ku-NIISS kubo. M.A. Lisavenko. Ukuze ususwe ngokuvuthwa okuhlukahlukene kwe-apula impova I-Ermolaeva ingxube yempova iPepin safari, Welsey, uPepin Chernenko, iPipinka Lithuanian.
Abalobi bekilasi bayacatshangelwa M.A. Lisavenko, T.F. Kornienko, I.P. Kalinina, Z.A. Grankina.
Ngo-1988 ohlwini olubhalisiwe olusemthethweni.
Ukukhula nokusabalalisa isifunda
Okungaphezulu kakhulu ikhula kakhulu eSiberia, njengoba kungenye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezingakwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa elincane ngaphandle kokulimala.
Ngokuvamile ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana e-Altai, kusukela kulo wesifunda wathatha igama lakhe.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umuthi uthatha izimpande kwezinye izindawo, ezincane kakhulu zesimo sezulu futhi ezivamile lonke elaseRussia, litholakala eBelarus nase-Ukraine.
Zokutshala kulesi sifunda izinhlobonhlobo efanelekayo Gornoaltaisk, Bugler, Altynay, Lyubava, indodakazi Pepinchika, Uralets, Amber, isikrini, flashlight, Sokolovsky, Ukugcwalisa Ural, elihlukanisa inselo Isiliva, Solntsedar, yisithombo Solntsedar, Snowdrop, isiPheresiya, ayegcwele kuyo, ongcwele, iholide, I-Bratchud.
Ukuthela
Apple tree Altai crimson isivuno sinikeza minyaka yonke ivolumu yefruiting landa minyaka yonke yokuphila. Ingxenye yokuqala yesithelo iqoqwe esihlahleni eneminyaka emine.
Ukutholakala kwezitshalo ezinkulu eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala lo nyaka ungaqoqwa kusuka ku-28 kuya ku-30 kg we-apula. Okulandelayo, isivuno sifike 35 kg. Izithelo zivuthiwe engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti, zibe nokuthutha okuhle.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukuze i-apula isinike isivuno esihle futhi singabi nezifo, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo eziningi.
Uma uhlwanyela izihlahla ze-apula (futhi ubuncane kudingeka uhlanyele umuthi we-apula wezinhlobonhlobo ze-Altai Crimson kanye ne-pollinator) Kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla.
Ibanga elihle lemithi ukuze likwazi ukuphenya futhi lingaphazanyani Amamitha angu-2.5-2.
Ngemuva kokuthi uthenge isithombo, udinga ukudala indawo ekhululekile yokufakelwa kabusha.
Isayizi elihle lomgodi wokugibela yilo: ububanzi bungaba ngu-70-80 cm, ukujula - 70-60 cm.
Izindonga zemikhomo kufanele zibe yizicucu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe amanzi ahlanzekile nokuphefumula. Kubalulekile ukutshala phansi komgodi. Ukupakisha ngaphandle komanyolo akukwazi ukuthola amaminerali anele.
I-TIP: Ukuze umanyolo, sebenzisa ezimbalwa amabhakede humus, umhlaba horse, turf. Konke lokhu kuzomele kuxutshwe. Futhi ugweme umanyolo wamakhemikhali.
Ngaphambi kokutshala ngokuqondile, susa noma yimaphi izimpande ezilimaziwe. Uma uqaphela ukuthi izimpande zomile, ukuthuthukisa ukusinda gcoba emanzini amahora angaba ngu-5-10.
Uma utshalwa, gcwalisa inhlabathi emigqeni futhi ulula ukugcina umuthi ungaphansi komhlaba. Kodwa ungawudluli, ngoba uma kwenzeka u-backfilling okhulu kakhulu kunethuba lokuthi lesi sihlahla ngeke sithole inani elifanele le-oxygen.
KUBALULEKILE: Ukuze utshale, kufanele usebenzise isikhonkwane esizosekela umuthi wakho ngesikhathi sokukhula. Uma ungawubopheli isitshalo, isiqu sikhubazekile futhi kukhona ithuba lokuthi umuthi wakho awunakufaneleka ukuthola i-fruiting.
Inyanga yokuqala emva kokutshala, i-apula iyadingeka manzi amabhakede 2-3 okungenani kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyishumi.
I-TIP: Emhlabeni izithombo ezitshaliwe zenza i-roller emhlabathini ukuze amanzi okuchelela aphuli.
Iminyaka embalwa yokuqala yokuphila igubha ngokucophelela umhlabathi ozungezile umuthi we-apula futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukhula aluveli.
Ukuphuza njalo kuyadingeka. Njengoba izihlahla ze-apula ziyimithi ethanda amanzi, ungatshala umshini we-clover noma utshani ukuvikela umswakama wenhlabathi.
Izitshalo ze-fruiting kumele ziphuze:
- kuze kufike isikhathi lapho amaqabunga eqala ukuqhuma;
- amasonto amathathu emva kokuqala kwezimbali;
- Amaviki amane ngaphambi kokuqoqa izithelo;
- emva kokuvuna, ngesikhathi seqabunga liwa.
Ebusika, izihlahla zingabamba amagundane, ngakho kufanele ziboshwe nge-lapnik noma iziqephu zesikhumba. Iminyaka emibili yokuqala e-apula unqume zonke izimbali ukuvimbela ukukhathala. Kudingeka zalisa izikhathi ezine ngonyaka ngamunye.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Scab. I-altai crimson ine-resistance resistance to scab. I-agent causative yalesi sifo yizingxabano ezithuthuka emaqabunga ewa ekwindla ebusika. Kubonakala ngemonakalo ye-hue eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izilonda ziyamafutha, kamuva amabala aqala ukuthatha i-hue ebomvu.
KUBALULEKILE: Izikhumba zingagwenywa ngokugwema ukubola kweqabunga ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga. Isikhathi sokuwahlanza nokuwashisa ngaphandle kwensimu yakho. Khona-ke unciphisa amathuba okuthelela izihlahla.
Ukwelashwa: Ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuhluma, izihlahla zifakwe nge-potassium chloride noma urea. Ungase futhi uphathe i-Bordeaux liquid.
I-Aphid i-apple eluhlaza. I-Parasite, enye yezinambuzane ezivame kakhulu. Izimpungushe zondla ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwephunga, nje ukudla imifino nezimbali zezihlahla.
Ukwelashwa: Ukucubungula i-Bordeaux amanzi, ukushisa nokusika amahlumela aphethwe amaqanda ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga okuqala, ukufiphaza ama-infusions ahlukahlukene (umhlonyane, i-dandelion, ugwayi, i-pepper, i-garlic, izithombo zotamatisi, njll).
KUBALULEKILE: Amantombazane enamaphiko njengabantu abadala abafudukela ezihlahleni ezingomakhelwane, lesi sifo singathinta yonke insimu yezithelo.
I-Cancer Isifo esingenakulinganiswa sofungal, esibonisa ukubukeka kwezilonda ezinombala omnyama noma ukukhula esihlahleni, amagatsha kanye nezimpande zomuthi. Ngesifo esinjalo, amagxolo aqala ukufa futhi isihlahla sibole ngaphakathi. Imithi ebuthakathaka noma endala ivame ukumangaza.
Ukwelashwa: ukwelapha i-urea kabili ngonyaka (ekwindla nasentwasahlobo), kungenzeka futhi ukupaka lesi sihlahla ngethusi ye-chloroxide ne-Bordeaux utshwala.
Izinhlobo ze-apula ze-altai ezi-apula zifaneka ngokukhethekile ekukhuleni ezifundeni ezisebusweni obusika obusika.
Izithelo azifani ngobukhulu obukhulu, kodwa zinomusa omuhle futhi kulula ukuthutha.
Ukunakekela isihlahla sama-apula kuyinto ejwayelekile, engacabangi, idinga umuthi wempova.
Iminyaka embalwa yokuqala yokuphila igubha ngokucophelela umhlabathi ozungezile umuthi we-apula futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukhula aluveli.
