Ubuningi bamazinyo - imfucumfucu yezinkomo, isetshenziswe njengezinto zokwakha, njenge-biofuel, ekwenzeni iphepha kanye ne-biogas. Kodwa ikakhulukazi, lokhu kuyi-fertilizer ehle kakhulu. Kufanelekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo: izihlahla zezithelo, kanye nemifino (ukwandisa isivuno semifino yezitshalo), kanye namajikijolo.
Uyazi? Igama elithi "umquba" litholakala kumadokhumenti avela ekhulwini le-XVI. Lokhu kuvela kwesenzo esithi "udoti" futhi ngokwezwi nezwi lisho ukuthi "lokho okulethwe."
Izakhi kanye nezinzuzo ezizuzisayo zezinkomo
Umquba wenkomo usetshenziselwa ukutshala zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi. Kodwa kuyadingeka ukwethula indaba enjalo ngokufanelekile, hhayi ngaphezu kokugcwala inhlabathi nokucubungula ukwakheka kwayo:
- i-nitrogen - 0.5%,
- amanzi - 77.3%,
- i-potassium - 0.59%,
- i-calcium - 0.4%,
- Udaba oluphilayo - 20.3%,
- i-phosphorus - 0.23%.
Kubalulekile! Emanzini amancane omkhumbi wamanzi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, iqukethe inqwaba yezinambuzane amaqanda. Ngakho-ke, sebenzisa imishini yokuvikela. Ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa noma ukuvutshelwa, le nkinga izoqedwa.
Izakhiwo ezishisayo ze-mullein zingaphansi, ngokwesibonelo, kumanyolo wamahhashi, kunzima kakhulu futhi kancane kancane zenza ukukhula kwezitshalo, kodwa umphumela wayo ufana kakhulu futhi uhlala isikhathi eside. I-Korovyak ingakwazi ukwandisa kakhulu isivuno somhlabathi, ishukumise ukukhula kwesimiso sesitshalo. Lo manyolo ubuyisela ngokugcwele futhi uthuthukise inhlabathi enesihlabathi esinehlabathi enesihlabathi, futhi ingcwelisiwe kangako - ubumba obulungile, obunamandla obunamandla futhi obunamandla. Ngenxa yenani lazo lokudla okunomsoco, livikela isithelo ekugcotheni nge-nitrate.
Umshini owenza umquba ubathinta kakhulu izakhiwo zomquba ophelayo.
Uyazi? Ngokusho kwezincwadi zeVedic, izakhiwo ezizuzayo zezinyosi zezinkomo yindlela yokuhlanza (umzimba ohlakaniphile). Ngakho-ke, amathempeli aseVedic ahlamba nsuku zonke ngodayi lwezinkomo, hhayi ama-detergents.
Izinkukhu zoManyolo
Umquba wezinkomo ungahlukaniswa waba izinhlobo ezine ngezansi.
Umquba omusha
Ukuze kungalimazi izitshalo, lokhu, okwamanje, umanyolo osebenzayo kufanele usetshenziswe, ukunamathela eminye imithetho. Ukuze ulethe ekwindla, emva kokuvuna (kungenjalo ngaphambi kokutshala ngokwayo) ngesilinganiso se-40 kg / 10 sq. m. Ungasebenzisi ngqo izitshalo ezincane, iziqu, amahlamvu, izimpande. Kungamane ukuwashise. Okuhlukile yikhukhamba. Lesi sitshalo sijabulela ukufudumala kanye nenani elilinganayo le-nitrogen kusuka emgodini omusha wezinkomo.
Litter mullein
I-litter mullein ingumquba ohlanganiswe ne-hay, utshani noma esinye isilwane semfuyo. Uma, isibonelo, i-peat isetshenzisiwe, khona-ke lo manyolo uzoba nokuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-ammonium nitrogen, etholakala izitshalo kangcono kunokujwayelekile. Futhi uma usebenzisa utshani noma ufulawa, kuzoba ne-potassium ne-phosphorus eyadingeka ukuze kukhule ngokugcwele izitshalo nokumelana nokushisa okushisa. Lolu hlobo lomquba wezinkomo lusetshenziselwa umanyolo obunzima ekwindla kanye nokulungiselela umquba.
Flossy Mullein
Umanyolo onamandla futhi onzima wokulolu hlobo uveza isixazululo ngobuningi besilinganiso, ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa kwe-hay, utshani, i-peat noma enye ilitha. Iqukethe ukuxhuma okuphezulu kwe-ammonia nitrogen futhi isetshenziselwa ukwenza i-mullein egcwele amanzi.
I-sulurry yomquba
Ukuze ulungise le-slurry, gcwalisa umgqomo 1/3 wevolumu ne-mullein phezulu phezulu ngamanzi, uhlanganise futhi ushiye ukuvotela amasonto amabili, futhi ukumnika okutholakala kufanele kuhlanjululwe izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngaphambi kokungezwa emhlabathini njengomanyolo. Umanyolo onjalo wetshezi usetshenziselwa ukuchelela ngezihlahla zezithelo ngezikhathi ezithile, izitshalo zensimu, njengezimpande zokugqoka eziphezulu (wengeza ama-50 g we-superphosphate nge-10 l).
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-mullein: yiziphi izitshalo ezithinta kakhulu ukufaka umquba wenkomo
Ngenkathi yenkomo ebolile, ungondla cishe noma yisiphi isitshalo. Ikulungele izitshalo ezingabandani. Emva kokwenza isivuno samazambane, amajikijolo nama-okusanhlamvu akhule ngo-30-50%. Kungcono ukukwenza entwasahlobo (4-5 kg / 10 sq. M). Ingasetshenziswa njengesembozo semelenze yezihlahla zemithi yezihlahla zezithelo, izitshalo zokuhlobisa, izitshalo zebhilidi, ukusabalalisa izithelo.
Imifino eminingi isabela kahle ekugqokeni ngezinyosi. Lezi zihlanganisa isitshalo seqanda, i-zucchini, i-pepper, i-ulethisi, i-beet, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ikhukhamba, utamatisi, ithanga. Imifino eminingi yezimpande (u-anyanisi, izaqathe, ama-radishes, i-turnips, i-garlic) ayidingi amazinga aphezulu we-nitrogen. Kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke baphendule kumanyolo onjalo, noma bayothola iziqongo eziluhlaza kanye ne-rhizome elukhuni, ene-knotted. Okuhlukile yizinyosi.
Indlela yokugcina udoyi lwenkomo
Njengoba kunikezwe isiteji sokubola, umquba ungahlukaniswa ube mullein omusha, uhhafu ubolile (emva kwezinyanga ezingu-3-4 zokugcina kahle), ukubola ngokuphelele noma i-humus (emva kwezinyanga ezingu-6-12).
Umquba omusha ungangena emathangeni, vumela ukuthi uphuze izinsuku ezimbalwa futhi usebenzise njengendlela yokugqoka ephezulu.
Ngomquba obolile, ungasebenzisa indlela ye-anaerobic. Beka umquba endaweni ehlanjululwa utshani, uwumboze ngomhlaba, i-peat, ukuphahleni kuvezwe noma ifilimu.
Akufanelekile ukugcina imfucumfucu yezinkomo emgqeni, ngoba ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-4-5 i-nitrogen izokhuphuka kuyo, futhi njengoba kunezinye izindlela, akukhuthazwa ukuyisebenzisa. Ukusebenzisa kangcono inhlanganisela yezindlela zombili. Beka umquba omusha emaceleni ekuqaleni, futhi lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-60 ° C, liwuqinise ngokuqinile futhi limboze ngebhola le-peat, utshani noma ezinye izinto eziphilayo. Uma ukomisa - uthele umquba womquba.
Kubalulekile! Uma ufuna ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-nitrogen, ukwandisa umthamo wesikhala, futhi ngesikhathi sokubeka ungeza u-1-3% we-superphosphate noma ufulawa we-phosphorus.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa udoyi lwezinkomo engadini
Inzuzo enkulu yomquba wenkomo ukutholakala kwawo, izindleko eziphansi kanye nokunye okunempilo. Lena umanyolo osebenza kahle owenza uhlaka oluvundile futhi alugcini, njengoba kunjalo nangama-fertilizer amaminerali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, liqukethe izakhi zokulandelela ezidingekayo ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo nezinye izinto eziwusizo. Futhi i-potassium ne-magnesium inciphisa ubuhle bomhlabathi.
Emva kokufaka izitshalo nge-mullein, umsebenzi we-microbiological wenhlabathi ukwandisa kakhulu, kukhona ukugqugquzela okusebenzayo kwezinqolobane ezakhiwa izakhi. I-carbon dioxide ekhishwe ngesikhathi sokubola komquba ibaluleke kakhulu kule-photosynthesis yezitshalo. Ibuye inikeze imfudumalo yendawo yomsuka, ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni i-flora. Ukucabangela ukuthi i-nitrogen engu-25 kuphela kuphela edlalwa ngonyaka wokuqala, kanti i-75% - ngokulandelayo, siphetha ngokuthi inhlabathi ehlwanyelwe umquba izothatha iminyaka eminingana, okuyiyona inzuzo engafaneleki.
Umquba wenkomo usetshenziswa abalimi abaningi nabalimi, ngoba ungumthombo wemvelo wezinto eziphilayo kanye namaminerali okudingekayo umanyolo ophezulu wenhlabathi. Futhi uma ulandela imithetho elula, lo umanyolo uzozuza kuphela izitshalo zakho.
