Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala utamatisi efasiteleni. Imiyalo esuka ku-A kuya ku-Z

Ukusebenzisa njalo utamatisi ovuthiwe owakhiwe nguwe awunzima neze, ngisho noma kungekho ndawo yokulima. Kungenzeka ukutshala utamatisi efasiteleni, ngoba lokhu kubalulekile ukugcina amanye amaphuzu.

Lesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba sikhule utamatisi efasiteleni ekhaya, ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamatamatisi, indawo, indlela yokutshala utamatisi, izithombo kanye nembewu, indlela yokutshala nokutshala, ukusika, nokusika, nokuthi yiziphi izifo nezinambuzane ezingasongela utamatisi wangaphakathi.

Ngingayitshala yini utamatisi efasiteleni elikhulayo ekhaya?

Umsebenzi wokukhetha uqhubeka futhi umphumela wabo ube yizinhlobo eziningi ze-utamatisi, ezifanele ukukhula embizeni yembali. Zihlukaniswa ngokungazethembi nokukhiqiza.

Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu kutshalwa unyaka wonke, ukwazi isikhathi sokuvuthwa, ungathola kalula isivuno ngesikhathi sokudla itafula lonyaka omusha. Into esemqoka - ukukhetha ibanga elifanele.

Ukulimala okunjalo kokulimala utamatisi kungase kubhekiswe mhlawumbe ekutshalweni okulinganiselwe, ikakhulukazi uma ifasitela elalihlala endlini ayikho ebanzi futhi, impela, isivuno sasekhaya sizohluka ngobukhulu kusuka kulabo abavuna kusuka ezitshalweni ezivulekile.

Imisebenzi yokulungiselela: ukukhula kahle

Ungakhetha kanjani indawo?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiliphi uhlangothi oluphuma efasiteleni, usengathola isivuno. AmaHybridi, ahloselwe ukulima emafasiteleni efasitela, athintshaniswa usuku olufushane lokukhanya nokuntuleka kwelanga.

Utamatisi yisitshalo esithisa ukushisa, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa eduze kwamahlathi kufanele ligcinwe emazingeni angu-22-25 phakathi nosuku futhi hhayi ngaphansi kuka-+15 degrees kusihlwa. Futhi ifuna utamatisi kumswakama. Ikakhulukazi ngokuhlukahluka kwasebusika kokulima, lapho i-radiators yokushisa imisa kakhulu emoyeni, okungabangela isifo sesitshalo. Umoya wangaphakathi kufanele uvunyelwe njalo.

Izinhlobo ezikhethekile

Imibhede ewindini, izinhlobo ezijwayelekile nezama-ampelous zifanelekile.. Izitshalo ezinjalo ekuphakameni akudluli ku-35-45 amasentimitha. Izinketho eziphezulu:

Micron NC

Ibonisa izinhlobo ezincane, ayikhule ngaphezu kwamamitha ayishumi nanhlanu. Izithelo ziyamnandi - ziphuzi noma zibomvu, zilinganisa okungaphezu kwezigamu eziyishumi nambili. Isimo sempilo yesitshalo asizimele ngokuphelele ngobude bemini.

Pinocchio

Bush ibumbene, izithelo zithandeka, zizungezile, zilinganisa amagremu angamashumi amabili. Uma uhlwanyela imbewu emva kweminyaka engamashumi amabili nangoSeptemba, isivuno sokuqala singabuthwa Ngonyaka Omusha.

Inkunzi yeqhwa

Ukuhluka okuqala kwe-Ultra, i-compact stem plant, 30-40 cm ubude. Akuyona i-stakeon, izithelo zibomvu, nxazonke.

Pot

Ngokuba ukutshala utamatisi omncane kuyinto ejwayelekile imbiza emifino evamileezenziwe ngepulasitiki. Ukukhetha ububanzi obudinga ukugxila kubukhulu besitshalo somdala.

Ground

Ukutshala utamatisi obuthiwe kufanelekile njenge-substrate yesitolo esilungile, nenhlanganisela yenhlabathi, uphekwe ngokwakho. Lokhu kuzodinga:

• humus - 50%;
• I-Chernozem - 45%;
• isihlabathi - 5%;

Indlela yokutshala ekhaya: ubuchwepheshe kusuka ku-A kuya ku-Z

Imbewu

1. Izinto zokutshala zithengwa kakhulu esitolo ukuze ziqiniseke ngekhwalithi yayo nokuhambisana nezici ezichazwe.
2. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukuhlunga izinhlamvu ezingenalutho ezingakwazi ukuhluma. Ukuze wenze lokhu, badinga ukwehliselwa emanzini anosawoti imizuzu eyishumi kanti imbewu encane izothambile, kuyilapho impilo enempilo izogoba phansi.
3. Okulandelayo, imbewu ixiliswe ingxenye engamahhafu kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate ukuthuthukisa ukuzivikela emzimbeni wezitshalo ezizayo esikhathini esizayo.
4. Ngemuva kwezinqubo zonke, imbewu ifakwa endwangu emanzi.
5. Ngemuva kokuba kuvela amahlumela, imbewu ihlwanyelwa emhlabathini, iyancipha inch, ibuka isikhala samamitha amathathu.
6. Inhlabathi igxilile kancane, isitsha sigcwele ukugoqa epulasitiki futhi sihlanza endaweni efudumele kuze kufike ukuhluma. Kule filimu udinga ukwenza izimbobo ezincane zokuhambisa umoya.
7. Ngeviki, amahlumela azovela. Kudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi yayihlale imanzi njalo.

Izithombo

1. Izithombo zamatamatisi zihamba ngesigaba samaqabunga amabili weqiniso.
2. Ukwenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa ngaphandle kokulimala, ukuchelela kumiswe izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kwenqubo.
3. Ngokucophelela ukufuna ihlumela nge-spatula kanye ne-clock earthy, idluliselwa esitsheni esisha ngenhlabathi ukuze isiqu siphelele ngokuphelele.
4. Inhlabathi ihlanganiswe kancane futhi ichithe ngamanzi afudumele.
5. Ngenyanga, lapho izithombo zidinga ukondliwa ngomanyolo wamaminerali, izithombo ezikhulile zifakelwa endaweni enomphela ngendlela yokuguqula.
6. Izitshalo ezitshaliwe zingatshala ngomunye ngezimbiza ezihlukene.
7. Emva kokufika, kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa kwama-degrees +18 +20 futhi kuvimbele ukuvezwa kwelanga eliqondile.

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokunakekelwa kwekamelo lendawo

Ukunisela kanye nomanyolo

Utamatisi obuthiwe abonga kakhulu ngokunisela. Ukufudumala inhlabathi kunomthelela ekukhuleni okunempilo, ukwakheka okuhle kwama-ovari kanye nezithelo zokuvuthwa. Ukunisela kuqhutshwa kabili ngesonto, ngaphandle kokuthinta iziqu. Ekuqaleni kwezimbali, ukuchelela kumile futhi kuphinde kubonakale kuphela ngokubonakala kwama-ovari.

Emasontweni amathathu emva kokuthathwa kuthathwa, umanyolo okhethekile wamaminerali asetshenziswa okokuqala. Zondla utamatisi zidinga ngezikhathi zamasonto amabili, okwenza umquba ngosuku lwesibini emva kokunisela.

Ukunciphisa nokuchofoza, pasynkovanie

Qinisekisa ukususa amahlumelaeyakhiwe e-axils yamaqabunga, okungukuthi, pasynkovanie. Kudingekile ukwakheka kahle kwesitshalo. Akususiwe ngesikhathi, izinyathelo eziholela ekuqiniseni, ukuthatha izakhi futhi ukunciphisa isivuno sotamatisi.

Usizo! Ngemuva kokuthi ama-ovaries ayenziwe, kufanele udonsa phezulu, futhi unqume amaqabunga aphansi, aphelile ekukhuleni.

Izinsiza, zilenga

Izinhlobonhlobo ezifanele ukulima endaweni efasiteleni, akukho-branching, zine-trunk ezinzile, ngakho azidingi i-garter. Uma kunjalo, kunesidingo esinjalo, kuvele isikhonkwane emhlabathini ngokucophelela, ukuze kungalimazi izimpande, futhi amagatsha axhunyiwe kuwo.

Izifo nezinambuzane

• Ukuphazamisa okwesikhashana - isifo sefungal esidluliselwa emoyeni, inhlabathi, ngokusebenzisa imbewu kanye nezitshalo zokutshala. Izimpawu - amabala amnyama emagqabeni, ngesikhathi sithatha iziqu nezithelo. Iyakwazi ukubhubhisa ngokuphelele isivuno. Ukuze i-prophylaxis, indlela yokufaka imbewu ku-potassium permanganate isetshenziselwa ukuhluma, kungenzeka futhi ukuphatha izitshalo ezincane nge-Bordeaux liquid.
• Umlenze omnyama - Isifo esibangelwa ukutshala ukuqina nokuntuleka kokukhanya. Isisekelo se-stem siba mnyama, izitshalo zikhubazekile, ziwa futhi zife. Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, inhlabathi ihanjiswa ngomlotha nomhlabathi. Uma lesi sifo sesivele sisendaweni esebenzayo, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngamalungiselelo e-fungicidal.
• I-Septoria- ukutheleleka kwenzeka emhlabathini. Amaqabunga aphansi esitshalo afakwe amachashazi amahle ngamachashazi amnyama, amaqabunga aphendukile futhi asomile. Ukuvimbela - ukwehla kwenhlabathi nge-potassium permanganate, izingxenye ezithintekayo zibhujiswa, futhi ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwemingcele.
• Indawo emnyama - izindawo ezibomvu ezikhanyayo emaqabunga, imbangela yayo yandisa umswakama futhi igubha inhlabathi. Ukwelashwa kufana ne-septoria.
• I-fly fly - isinambuzane esincane esiphuza iqabunga futhi sifana nezilinganiso. Ubonisa usongo njengomthuthi wesifo. Ukwengeza inani elanele lezakhi kuzosiza ekumenikeleni, kanti izinambuzane ezivele zivele futhi izibungu zazo zingasuswa emaqabunga ngamanzi asozini noma ukumnika i-dandelion.
• Thrips - izinambuzane, izimpawu zokuphila ezizibonakalisa ngokwazo ngendlela yamaqabunga owomile, awela phansi kanye namaqabunga omisiwe. Le mpi iqukethe ukuchelela okwanele nokwelapha ngezinambuzane.

Ukutshala utamatisi efasiteleni kuyithuba lokuvuna izithelo zezithelo ezimnandi, hhayi nje entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, kodwa unyaka wonke. Lena umsebenzi othakazelisayo oletha injabulo enkulu ngisho nalabo abaye bacabanga ukuthi bekude kakhulu nesihloko sokulima. Emva kokufunda lesi sihloko, ufunde lapho utshala utamatisi nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ongazikhethela ukuvuna okukhulu.