I-Venidium: izici zokukhula kwama-Afrika, izinhlobo zezitshalo

Endaweni yethu, i-Venidium ithola ukuthandwa kuphela. Mhlawumbe eminyakeni embalwa le mbala exotic izoba ingxenye ebalulekile yemibhede yemifula kanye nemithamo yamapulazi abaluhlaza bezitshalo zendawo. Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nencazelo yezitshalo zeVenidium, sizoqonda imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela isitshalo esimbala.

Incazelo

I-Benidium nayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-African daisy noma i-steppe monarch. Endaweni yemvelo, le mbali ivame ukutholakala ensimini yeNamibia neNingizimu Afrika. Kulesi simo sezulu esishisayo, i-Venidium kwenzeka ngonyaka owodwa nonyaka oneminyaka emibili ubudala, kodwa ensimini yezwe lakithi i-monarch ye-steppe ihlala isikhathi esisodwa kuphela, ehambisana nezimo zezulu ezibandayo ngesikhathi sasebusika.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze imbewu yeVenidium ikhule ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ibhokisi enezithombo kumele lifakwe eningizimu yefasitela-sill.

I-Venidium iyingxenye yezitshalo zeCompositae noma umndeni wakwa-Aster. Esigabeni salo, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30 zezimbali. Emkhakheni wezwe lakithi, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-chamomile zase-Afrika ezithandwayo ekuklanyeni nasekwenzeni umhlaba. Lesi sitshalo sinesisindo se-root branched, okuyinto, noma kunjalo, esihlala singenasisekelo ngisho nasezintabeni ezomile nezishisayo zaseNamibia. Izitshalo namaqabunga ahlanganiswe ne-pubescence encane yezinyosi. Amaqabunga aqoshwe umbala ohlaza ogcwele, ahlelwe ngenye indlela kuzo zonke iziqu, abe nesakhiwo esisihlukanisiwe noma esicwebekile. I-peduncles iboniswe elangeni ngesikhunta esibonakalayo se-burgundy.

Ngaphandle kwendawo, abamele umndeni wakwa-Astro nabo banjalo izitshalo: ama-cornflowers, i-burdock, i-artichoke, i-dandelion, i-scorzonera (isanqante ebomvu), i-ulethisi, i-chicory, i-sunflower, i-aster, i-dahlia, i-calendula, i-marigold ne-chamomile.

Engxenyeni yezwe lakithi, inkosi yase-steppe iyajabulisa iso ngezimbali zalo kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuya eqhweni lokuqala. Futhi esakhiweni sezimbali ezivundile, ezintsha zakhiwa ngokushesha (ngokwemvelo, uma isitshalo sifanelekile futhi sifike ngesikhathi). Ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuvuna, inqubo yokwakha izithelo iqala. Izithelo zitholakala ngesimo sembewu engenamaphiko.

Izinhlobo

Ukuthandwa kwabalimi basekhaya okwamanje kwazuza izinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-venidium. Kodwa lokhu ukuthandwa kuyanda njalo ngonyaka, futhi kuyoba nomsebenzi okwanele kubalimi. Kuze kube manje, ema-flowerbeds kanye nemithala yezwe lethu ungathola izinhlobo ezinjalo ze-chamomile zase-Afrika:

1. I-Venidium yi-calendula. ENamibia naseNingizimu Afrika, lezi zitshalo zitshalo ziphela. Emkhakheni wezwe lakithi, kuwumkhuba ukuwuhlwanyela emakamelweni ukuhlobisa izindlu zangaphakathi noma zehhovisi ngaphakathi. UBenidum marigold ujabulela ukuqhakaza kwayo isikhathi eside. Izimbali zalo azidluli u-4 cm ububanzi, noma kunjalo, zihlukaniswa ngamapulanka amancane, yingakho zifana ne-calendula noma i-marigold.
2. I-Venedium emangalisayo. Ukuphakama kwalesi simbali kuyathandeka futhi akushiye ngokuphelele ukungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi bonke abalimi bezimbuzi abafisayo. Lolu hlobo lwenkosikazi ye-steppe luzobukeka lukhulu hhayi kuphela kuma-flowerbeds, kodwa naku-balcony noma i-vazonnyh yokuhlobisa izimila. Amabhasikidi alezi zitshalo afinyelela ububanzi obuyi-12 cm futhi abe nombala obala obala. Zonke izinhlobo ze-camomile zase-Afrika ezibalwe ngezansi yizinhlobonhlobo zeVenidium enhle kakhulu.
3. "I-Orange Prince". Lezi zinhlobo zeVenidium zifana kakhulu ne-sunflower evuthayo evuthayo. Izimbali zalo zinesakhiwo esihle kakhulu, amacembe aphikisiwe kancane ngaphandle kwesisekelo se-peduncle.
4. "INkosana Zulu". Isitshalo esihle enombala omhlophe weqhwa abathandi bezimbali ezimhlophe bayothanda. Ukuphela kwe "Prince Zulu" ukuthi umgogodla wayo unombala ogqamile, futhi izincomo zamanye amacembe zingase zithokozise ngezinhlanzi ezincane ze-lilac.
5. Amanothi angaphansi. Izitshalo ezimnandi ezisebusweni zokuphakama okuncane (kufika ku-30 ​​cm). Ihluke embala wezinhlobonhlobo ezimhlophe noma ezimhlophe we-orange, isisekelo sayo sinomthunzi we-lilac. Amanothi amancane afaneleka ngokutshala eziqukathi noma kuma-slide amancane alpine.

Uyazi? I-chamomile yama-blue eyamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - enye yezinhlobonhlobo zeVenidium. Akutholakele kuphela eNingizimu Afrika naseNamibia. Ibuye ikhule eMexico, eU.SA nase-Australia, lapho sekuyi-udumo odumile. Kula mazwe, abantu bachitha kakhulu izilimo zasendle zalesi sitshalo.

Ukufika

Ukuze ukhule i-chamomile yase-Afrika iyinhle ye-seedling indlela. Imbewu yokutshala ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile ingenziwa kuphela ezindaweni lapho isimo sezulu sinobuhle futhi sishisa, okungukuthi, engxenyeni eseningizimu yeRussia naseCrimea.

Ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kungenziwa nakwezinye izindawo ezisenyakatho, kodwa kulokhu, isikhathi se-Venidium sizoqala inyanga nengxenye kamuva. Ngandlela-thile, ingozi yokucubungula kokuphumula ikhona naseningizimu yeRussia, ngoba isimo sezulu saleso sifunda sisasemaphandleni aseNingizimu Afrika. Sizokhuluma ngenqubo yesinyathelo ngezinyathelo zokukhulisa i-monarch ye-steppe yindlela yokutshala, okuyinto ethandwa kakhulu futhi ehlukahlukene:

1. Ngokuba izithombo ezikhulayo, kumele usebenzise isitsha esikhethekile, amabhokisi ezithombo, izindebe noma ukupakisha kokudla.
2. Umhlabathi wezithombo kufanele ube ne-acidity neutral, okuxekethile futhi nge-aeration enhle.
3. Ngaphansi kwe-tank yokutshala, kuyadingeka ukwakha umsele, bese uwuthululela emhlabathini owakhiwe ngaphambili (ingxube ye-peat kanye nesihlabathi somfula).
4. Imbewu yesitshalo ingcwatshwa ngo 3-5 mm emhlabathini. Izikhathi eziphakathi kwezitshalo kufanele zibe ngaphansi kuka 3-4 cm, ngaphandle kwalokho kukhona ingozi yokuqina kwezimbewu.
5. Emva kokutshala, khipha inhlabathi bese umboza ngefilimu noma ingilazi. Lokhu kuzokudala i-microclimate ezinzile, okuzosiza ekukhuleni okusheshayo kwembewu.
6. Ukushisa okuhle kakhulu kwezithombo ezikhulayo yi-20-24 ° C. Amahlumela ngokuvamile avela ezinsukwini ezingu-15-20 ngemva kokuhlwanyela. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ibhokisi enezithombo kufanele livulwe njalo (susa ifilimu noma ingilazi) futhi ungakhohlwa ngokuchelela (emva nje kokuba isomiso selomile).
7. Esinye isimo esibalulekile ukuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile kwezithombo. Uma kukhona ukukhanya kwelanga okuncane (isibonelo, isimo sezulu esivela njalo), khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuthola izikhanyisi ezikhethekile. Ngaphandle kokukhanya okwanele, amahlumela angabonakala ngokulibala okukhulu.
8. Isikhathi esiphezulu sokufakelwa kwesitshalo kubhekwa phakathi no-May ngasekupheleni (ebangeni eliphakathi). Kodwa, futhi, udinga ukugxila ezimweni zesimo sezulu kanye nesimo sezulu esijwayelekile esifundeni. Ochwepheshe baqaphele ukuthi izitshalo kufanele zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile kuphela ngemuva kokusongelwa kwamaqhwa ebusuku kuye kwaphela ngokuphelele. Ukushisa kwezinga lokushisa kwansuku zonke kufanele kube phakathi kuka 14-16 ° C.
9. Khumbula ukuthi i-chamomile yase-Afrika ithanda izindawo zelanga, kodwa ibucayi kakhulu ekushicileleni. Izindawo eziseNingizimu-ntshonalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga kule ndawo, ezivikelekile ngokuqinile emoyeni oqinile, zifanelekile ukutshala.
10. Kutshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile kufanele kube yizimbali kuphela ezithuthukile futhi ezinamandla kakhulu. Uma utshala, kubalulekile ukushiya igumbi lonke lobumba phansi ohlelweni lwempande. Izikhathi eziphakathi kwezimbobo zezithombo kufanele zibe ngaphansi kwama-25-30 cm. Ngaphansi komgodi wokutshala ungabeka umquba omncane oyinkimbinkimbi odayiswa cishe kunoma yisiphi isitolo sembali.
11. Ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala, izimbali ziyanisela futhi zithunjelwe izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuphuza okuvamile njalo akudingekile, njengoba kusongela ukutheleleka kwefungal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Venidium ijwayele ukukhula esimweni esishisa, esomile saseNamibia naseNingizimu Afrika, lapho inkathi yemvula iyindlela yokwelapha engavamile.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze izithombo zezimbali ziqine, zidinga ukuba zinzima. Ukuze wenze lokhu, njengoba ukhula, kufanele unciphise kancane kancane izinga lokushisa ekamelweni, futhi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni evulekile, izithombo kufanele zithathwe amahora angu-2-3 emgwaqweni.

Uma ufuna ukutshala i-chamomile yase-Afrika masinyane emhlabathini, hhayi izithombo ezikhulayo, kufanele uqale ukutshala kungaphambilini phakathi no-Ephreli. Uhlelo lokutshala umhlaba nokutshala kumele lubonwe ngendlela efanayo njengoba sibonise indlela yokutshala. Ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala, indawo yenzalo ihlanganiswa nefilimu, lapho izinga lokushisa kufanele lihambisane nokushisa kwekamelo. Kungenzeka ukuthi uvule ifilimu kuphela uma izinga lokushisa lansukuzonke elilinganiselwa ku-15 ° C lisungulwa ngaphandle (lokhu kunesimo sokuthi izithombo zivele zivele).

Ukunakekela

Uma ufuna i-Venidium ukuba ikujabulise ngezimbali ezimnandi futhi ezimnandi isikhathi eside, kufanele unakekele ukunakekelwa kwayo, okuqukethe imisebenzi elandelayo:

1. Ukunisela I-moderate, hhayi ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngesonto. Phakathi nesikhathi esomile sokunisela ihlobo kungenziwa izikhathi ezingu-3-4 njalo emavikini amabili. Ukuphuza ngokweqile ngokweqile kuyoholela ekuthuthukiseni ukutheleleka kwefungal ohlelweni lwempande yesitshalo.
2. Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Iphethwe kabili phakathi nonyaka wonke okhulayo. Iyokuqala - ngaphambi kokusakaza (mhlawumbe ngo-Meyi), okwesibili - ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa okusebenzayo (ngoJulayi-Agasti). Ungondla imbali exotic nge-complex mineral or fertilizer.
3. Ukukhululeka. Lapho kukhona isikhathi samahhala kumele kwenziwe njalo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukukhululeka kukhuthaza u-aeration omuhle.
4. I-peduncles yokuhlanza. Lapho nje imbali iphela, kufanele isuswe. Endaweni yayo, 2 amaqabunga amancane ayokwakhiwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngakho isihlahla sizoba sihle kakhulu futhi sihle kakhulu.
5. Amaqabunga e-anti-aging izihlahla. Bamba njalo ukuze usebenze ngokugcwele kokuqhakaza. Amaqabunga angaphezu kwamanzi asusa wonke ijusi, okuba yi-spike engaphelele.
6. I-Garter. Iphethwe abameli abakhulu beVenidium. Ukuthembela kuvumela isitshalo ukuba simelane nokuphefumula okuqinile komoya.
7. Weeding Kumele kube njalo, njengoba ukhula oluncane luqoqa zonke izinto eziwusizo ezisuka enhlabathini futhi ludonsa inani elikhulu lomswakama phezu kwalo.

Ukuze ucebise inhlabathi futhi ukondle izitshalo, sebenzisa imifino ephilayo: utshani, amajuba ama-droppings, ama-droppings ama-Florex ama-granulated ama-droppings, i-bone meal, i-fish meal, i-whey, ama-mbatata ikhasi, umquba, ama-eggshell, umquba we-banana kanye nokuthuza ugwayi.

Ekupheleni kwesikhathi esifudumele sonyaka, imbewu iqoqwa izithelo zeVenidium, okuzofaneleka ukutshala entwasahlobo ezayo. Imbewu igcinwa ezikhupheni zephepha noma izikhwama zendwangu. Kumele zigcinwe endaweni efudumele ezomile emazingeni okushisa ama-20-25 ° C.

Uyazi? Elinye igama le-venidium yi-arctotis (i-Arctotis). Ukuhunyushwa kusuka esiGriki, kusho "indlebe yebhebhe".

Akudingekile ukulungisa izimbali ebusika, njengasezindaweni zethu zezulu, indawo yokukhula iyakhula kuphela njengesitshalo sonyaka. Isivakashi sase-Afrika asikwazi ukulwa namaqhwa asebusika (ngaphandle uma sisisebenzisa njengesitshalo sezindlu). Ekwindla ekwindla, ukuhlwanyela kwamahlathi kuhlanganiswa futhi kusetshenziswe, kanti entwasahlobo inqubo yokutshala iphindaphindwa.

Zijwayeze ngezinzuzo zokusebenzisa ukuchelela kokunisela, futhi ufunde indlela yokuhlela uhlelo lokunisela ukuchelela e-dacha.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ngokuphelele, izinambuzane aziphazamisi ngokujwayelekile iVenidium. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-chamomile ase-Afrika angashaywa yi-aphid, okubhujiswa ngokuphumelelayo nezidakamizwa ezinambuzane. Ukuqaphela ama-aphid amnyama ngezimbali ezingavamile kungaba ngezizathu ezithile:

1. Emahlumela amancane, amaqabunga futhi phansi kwamaqabunga ngamehlo, ungabona iqoqo lamagciwane omnyama noma omnyama.
2. "Izimpumputhe" ezimhlophe phakathi kwezixuku zezinambuzane zihlanganisa ukuthi zilahliwe enkonzweni yokuphila.
3. Izindawo ezithintekayo zalesi sitshalo zihlanganiswe ngamanzi aqinile, okhiqiza ama-aphid.
4. Amaqabunga abathintekayo aphelile futhi asomile ngemva kwesikhashana. Lesi sitshalo silahlekelwa umhlobiso wayo, izimbali kanye namahlumela amancane aqala ukuphela.

Ngaphandle kwe-venidium, i-aphid ingenye yezinambuzane ezilimazayo kakhulu ezivamile zezitshalo ezinjalo: i-apula, iklabishi, ikhukhamba, i-dill, i-viburnum, iplamu, i-dieffenbachia, i-currants, i-calico, i-hydrangea, i-sunflower ne-azalea.

Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane, ama-aphid angaqhutshwa ngokuzenzakalelayo: uthele amanzi phezu kwezitshalo ngaphansi kwe-hose. Kodwa le ndlela ayiyona ingozi kakhulu, ngoba amanzi amaningi ngokweqile angalimaza uhlelo lwempande yendawo. Eduze nenkosi yase-steppe, ungatshala i-Dalmatian daisy, ephikisayo i-aphid emnyama.

Kubalulekile! Uhlobo olulodwa lwesifo olusongela le ndawo yizo ezihlukahlukene zokubola ezibangelwa isikhunta. Ukulwa nabo, ungasebenzisa ama-fungicides.

Sebenzisa kumklamo wokuhlobisa nokuhleleka komhlaba

I-Venidium ingumbala wayo oqhakazile kakhulu futhi omibalabala ozoba yisimenyana esiyingqayizivele kanye nomlingisi oyinhloko kwanoma yiziphi izinhlelo zokuhlobisa imbali ezisetshenziselwa imibhede yemifula, amatharafu kanye nama-landscape amapaki. Uzoba mkhulu ukucabanga njengombhobho. I-African daisy ayifuni isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukuba ukuyisebenzise ngobuciko be-ikebana.

Funda mayelana nezitshalo zaminyaka yonke ezinjengokutshala utshani (sicenus), i-desert yaseTurkestan ehlane (alissum), bidens, echinocystis, iberber brachikoma, i-lobularia, i-nigella damask, i-Drummond phlox, i-argiranthemum ne-pentas.

Manje uyakwazi ukutshala isitshalo esihle saseNingizimu Afrika ngokwakho. Nikela kahle iVenidium, kanti lesi sitshalo sizokujabulela ngezimbali zalo lonke ehlobo nasezingxenyeni zasekwindla.

Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi kwinethiwekhi yeVenidium

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezimbali, ezibizwa ngokuthi "ama-daisies", kanti iVenidium akungabazeki ukuthi ungomunye wabo.Ingaba nemibala emibili kuphela - i-orange neyomhlophe, ingaba yi-terry futhi engekho kabili. Kodwa ayikho "i-daisies" enhle kakhulu, emnyama i-shelic metal sheen ephakathi, kancane kancane ishintsha umbala wayo kanye nesakhiwo sayo, ngoba phakathi akulutho ngaphandle kwe-inflorescence yezimbali ezibulalayo, njengabo bonke "ama-daisies." ikhula ukuzihlwanyela. I-peduncles ende futhi iqinile, efanelekile ukusika. Umoya nemvula ayithinteki ukubonakala kwezimbali, imbewu esimo sethu sezulu igcina ivuthwe.

Vera Severe

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Isitshalo se-herbaceous sonyaka silinganiselwa ku-70 cm ubude, sihlanganiswe ne-cobwebby, izinwele ezimhlophe. Izitshalo zibanzi, zihlanganiswe. Amaqabunga amancane, angewona i-equipolate, aphansi - aqoshiwe, aphezulu - anembile kuya ku-lanceolate, i-sessile noma i-stalky. I-Inflorescences kuze kube ngu-10 cm ububanzi ngezinyawo ezide. Izimbali ze-Ligulate zikhanya kakhulu, zibomvu-zibomvu phansi; i-tubular - encane, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngesimo sediski encane. Iqhakaza ngokukhazimulayo nokuningi kusukela ekupheleni kukaJuni kuya ku-Okthoba. Imbewu ihlala isebenza iminyaka engu-2-3. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinemibala ehlukene yomzimba nokuphakama. Indawo: I-Venidiums i-thermophilic, idinga izindawo ezivikelwe, zelanga, amanzi angenakubekezelela.

Umhlabathi: khetha ukukhanya, ukhethwe kahle, inhlabathi ehlwanyelwe

Ukukhiqiza: ukuhlwanyela imbewu emabhokisini wezithombo ngoMashi-Ephreli, ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma zokugcina izithombo. Kutshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngemuva kokuphela kwezinhlobo zama-frosts, ukugcina ibanga lika-25-30 cm.

Sebenzisa: imibhede yemifula, amaqembu, ama-vases, amagquma amatshe kanye nokusika.

Feona May

//otvet.mail.ru/question/36965838

Ividiyo: Venidium