Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ukuqubuka kwezifo ezihlukahlukene ukubhubhisa imizi yonke ebusweni bomhlaba. Ngokuvamile izisulu zesifo akuzona abantu kuphela, kodwa futhi nezilwane, izinyoni, izinambuzane. Akukho okunye okudabukisayo kubantu abafuywayo bemfuyo kunokuqothulwa kwemfuyo.
Esinye sezifo ezimbi yi-African fever fever, okuyinto engeyona eyingozi kubantu, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi izimpawu, ukwazi ukuyihlolisisa nokuvimbela lesi sifo.
Iyini i-African fever fever?
I-African fever fever, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-African fever noma i-Montgomery isifo, isifo esithathelwanayo, esibonakala yi-fever, izinqubo zokuvuvukala nokuphelelwa kwegazi ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi, i-edema ye-pulmona, isikhumba kanye ne-hemorrhages yangaphakathi.
Imfiva yase-Afrika enezibonakaliso zayo ifana neyesilasi, kodwa inemvelaphi ehlukile - igciwane le-DNA eliqukethe uhlobo lwe-Asfivirus yomndeni wakwa-Asfarviridae. Izinhlobo ezimbili ze-antigenic yegciwane A neB kanye neqembu elilodwa legciwane C liye lasungulwa.
I-ASF ayimelene ne-alkaline medium kanye ne-formalin, kodwa iyazwela ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi (ngakho-ke, ukuchithwa kwe-disinfection ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngama-chlorine-aqukethe ama-agent noma ama-acids), ihlala isebenza noma yimuphi umphumela wokushisa.
Kubalulekile! Imikhiqizo yengulube engazange iphathwe ukushisa igcine umsebenzi wegciwane ezinyangeni eziningana.
Iphi igciwane le-ASF elivela khona
Ngokokuqala ngqa ukuqubuka kwalesi sifo kubhalisiwe ngo-1903 eNingizimu Afrika. Lesi sifo sasakazeka phakathi kwezingulube zasendle njenge-infection ephikisanayo, futhi lapho igciwane libhekene nezilwane ezifuywayo, ukutheleleka kwaba yinkimbinkimbi ngemiphumela engu-100% ebulalayo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuzalisa izimbuzi, amahhashi, izinkomo, ama-gobies.Umcwaningi waseNgilandi R. Montgomery ngenxa yezifundo zesifo esivela eKenya, 1909-1915. yafakazela ukuthi isifo se-viral isifo. Kamuva i-ASF yasakazeka emazweni ase-Afrika eningizimu yehlane laseSahara. Izifundo zezinhlupho zase-Afrika ziye zabonisa ukuthi ukuvunguza kwesifo sekuvame ukubhekwa ezilwaneni ezifuywayo ezixhumana nezingulube zasendle zase-Afrika.
Ngo-1957, isifo se-Afrika sabonakala kuqala ePortugal ngemuva kokungeniswa kwemikhiqizo yokudla e-Angola. Kwaphela unyaka wonke, abelusi bendawo bahlushwa lesi sifo, okwaqedwa kuphela ngenxa yokubulawa kwezingulube ezingu-17 000 ezithathelwanayo nezinsolo ezithintekayo.Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ukuqubuka kokutheleleka kwabhalwa ensimini yeSpain, emngceleni wePortugal. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu, lezi zizwe zithathe izinyathelo zokuqeda i-ASF, kodwa kwaze kwaze kwaba ngo-1995 ukuthi zaziwa ngaphandle kokutheleleka. Eminyakeni emine kamuva, ukuqubuka kwezifo ezibulalayo kwaphinde kwatholakala ePortugal.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zesifo se-Afrika zabikwa ezikhungwini eFrance, eCuba, eBrazil, eBelgium naseHolland. Ngenxa yokuqubuka kokutheleleka eHaiti, iMalta neDominican Republic kwakudingeka zibulale zonke izilwane. 
E-Italy, lesi sifo sabonakala kuqala ngo-1967. Okunye ukuqubuka kwesifo segciwane kwafakwa lapho ngo-1978 futhi akukaqedwa kuze kube manje.
Kusukela ngo-2007, igciwane le-ASF lisakaze ezindaweni zaseChechen Republic, North and South Ossetia, Ingushetia, Ukraine, Georgia, Abkhazia, Armenia naseRussia.
Inhlupho yase-Afrika ibangela ukulimala okukhulu kwezomnotho okuhlobene nokubulawa okuphoqelekile kwazo zonke izingulube ekugqaseni kwezifo, ukuhlukanisa izidakamizwa kanye nezinyathelo zezilwane nezokuhlanzeka. Ngokwesibonelo, iSpain ilahlekelwe yizigidi ezingu-92 zamaRandi ngenxa yokuqeda igciwane. 
Ukutheleleka kwe-ASF kwenzeka kanjani: izimbangela zokutheleleka ngegciwane
I-genome ithinta yonke imfuyo yezilwane zasendle nezifuywayo, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, ukubeletha kanye nekhwalithi yazo okuqukethwe.
I-African fever fever isakazeka kanjani:
- Ngokuxhumana okusheshayo kwezilwane ezinegciwane ezinempilo, ngokusebenzisa isikhumba esonakele, i-conjunctivitis yamehlo nesigxobo somlomo.
- Ukulunywa kwama-parasite ezinqamukile, njengezinyosi, izimpukane ze-zoophilous, noma amathikithi (imikhaza ye-Ornithodoros ye-genus iyingozi kakhulu).
- Izinyoni ze-genome zingase zibe izinyoni, amantonga amancane, izilwane ezifuywayo, izinambuzane kanye nabantu abaye bavakashela indawo esetshenziselwa ukutheleleka.
- Izimoto ezingcolile ngesikhathi sokuthutha izilwane ezigulayo.
- I-waste-affected waste waste and items for slaughtering pigs.
Kubalulekile! Umthombo wesifo esibulalayo kungaba yincithakalo yokudla, eyongezwa ukondla izingulube ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele, kanye namadlelo ezindaweni ezithathelwanayo.
Izimpawu kanye nenkambo yesifo
Isikhathi sokukhushulwa kwesifo cishe cishe amasonto amabili. Kodwa igciwane lingazibonakalisa kakhudlwana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuye ngokuthi isimo sezingulube nesilinganiso se-genome esangene emzimbeni wayo.
Uyazi? Idivaysi ye-pigestive tract of pigs kanye nokubunjwa kwegazi iseduze nomuntu. Ijusi ye-animal gastric isetshenziselwa ukwenza insulini. Ezokudluliselwa kwezinto ze-transplantology zisetshenziswe kabanzi kuma-piglets. Futhi ubisi lwebele lomuntu lufana nokubunjwa kwenyama yengulube yama-amino acids.
Izinhlobo ezine zesifo ziphawulwe: i-hyperacute, i-acute, i-subacute futhi ingapheli.
Izinkomba zomtholampilo zangaphandle zesilwane ngendlela ephezulu kakhulu yesifo azikho, ukufa kwenzeka ngokuzumayo. 
Esimweni esinzima se-African fever fever, okulandelayo [izimpawu zesifo:
- ukushisa komzimba kufika ku-42 ° C;
- ubuthakathaka nokucindezeleka kwesilwane;
- ukukhishwa kwe-purulent yezinyosi nemphunga;
- ukukhubazeka kwezitho ezinamahlenga;
- ukuphefumula okukhulu;
- ukuhlanza;
- ukuvimbela umkhuhlane noma, ngokuphambene, isifo sohudo;
- isikhumba sezinhlungu ezindlebeni, isisu esingaphansi nentamo;
- i-pneumonia;
- i-dysmotility;
- ukukhipha isisu ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Funda uhlu lwezidakamizwa zezilwane: "Biovit-80", "Enroksil", "Tylosin", "Tetravit", "Tetramizol", "Fosprenil", "Baikoks", "iNitrox Forte", "Baytril".Izimpawu zendlela yokuzibulala ye-ASF:
- ukuphefumula komkhuhlane;
- isimo sokuqonda okucindezelweyo.
Ifomu elingapheli libhekene nalokhu:
- ukuphefumula komkhuhlane;
- umonakalo wesikhumba ongekho ukuphulukisa;
- ukuphefumula;
- ukukhathala;
- ukuhlakulela;
- i-tendovaginitis;
- i-arthritis.
Ukuhlolisiswa kwesifo se-Afrika
Igciwane le-ASF libonakala njengamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhunjeni sezilwane. Uma kukhona izimpawu ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukuthola izimpawu ngokushesha futhi uzihlukanise nezilwane.
Ukuze uthole ukutholakala okunembile kwegciwane, ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezinkomo ezithathelwanayo kwenziwa. Emva kokuqhuba izifundo zomtholampilo, isiphetho senziwe mayelana nombangela kanye nomzila wokutheleleka kwezingulube ezinegciwane.
Ukuhlolwa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nocwaningo olwenziwe ebhokisithri, vumela ukunquma i-genome ne-antigen yayo. Isici esinqumayo sokuthola lesi sifo ukuhlaziywa kwama-antibodies.
Kubalulekile! Igazi lokuhlaziywa kwesimo se-enzyme immunoassay lithathwe kuzo zonke izingulube ezigulayo zesikhathi eside kanye nabantu ngabanye ekuxhumana nabo.Ukuze kuhlolwe i-laboratory, amasampula egazi asuswa emfuyo enesifo, futhi izingcezu zezingxenye zithathwe ezidumbu. I-biomaterial inikezwa ngesikhathi esifushane kunokwenzeka, emaphaketheni ngamanye, afakwa esitsheni ngeqhwa.
Ukulawula izinyathelo ngokumelene nokusakazeka kwesifo se-Afrika
Ukwelashwa kwezilwane, ngezinga eliphakeme lokutheleleka kokutheleleka, akuvumelekile. Umgomo wokulwa ne-ASF awukaze utholakale, futhi lesi sifo asikwazi ukuphulukiswa ngenxa yokuguquka okuqhubekayo. Uma ngabe izingulube eziyi-100% ezandulelekile ziphelile, namuhla isifo siyanda futhi singenayo ngaphandle kwempawu.
Kubalulekile! Uma kutholakala isifo se-Afrika, kubalulekile ukuveza zonke izilwane ekubhujisweni kwegazi.
Indawo yokuhlatshwa kufanele ibe yodwa, izidumbu esikhathini esizayo zidinga ukushiswa, futhi umlotha ohlanganiswe ne-lime futhi ugcwale. Ngeshwa, izinyathelo ezinzima ezinjalo kuphela ezizosiza ekuvimbeleni ukusakazeka kwegciwane.
Imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kanye nokunakekelwa kwezilwane nayo ishiswa. Insimu yepulazi yengulube iphathwa ngekhambi elishisayo le-sodium hydroxide (3%) ne-formaldehyde (2%). 
Izinkomo ezisendaweni eyi-10 km ukusuka emthonjeni wegciwane nazo zihlatshwa. Ukuhlukaniswa kwemikhakha kumenyezelwe, okukhanselwa emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ngokungabikho kwezimpawu zesifo se-swine fever yase-Afrika.
Insimu ephethwe yi-ASF ayinqatshelwe ukuba isetshenziselwe ukuzalisa amapulazi ehagu ngonyaka owodwa emva kokuqedwa kokuhlukaniswa.
Uyazi? Isimbi esikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni sabhalwa ngo-1961 eDenmark, lapho ingulube eyodwa izalwa ngokushesha izingulube ezingu-34.
Okufanele ukwenze ukuze uvimbele isifo se-ASF
Ukuvimbela ukungcola komnotho ngendlala yase-Afrika ukuvimbela izifo:
- Ukugonywa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokumelene nesifo sofuba nezinye izifo zezingulube nokuhlolwa okuhleliwe kwezilwane zezilwane.
- Gcina izingulube ezindaweni ezinqanyelwe futhi uvimbele ukuthintana nezilwane zabanye abanikazi.
- Hlanganisa njalo insimu epulazini lezingulube, izindawo zokugcina izinto zokudla futhi uphathe ukwelashwa kusuka ezigandwini kanye namagundane amancane.
- Phatha izinkomo ezinambuzane ezondla igazi.
- Thola ukudla ezindaweni ezifakazelwe. Ngaphambi kokungeza imikhiqizo yezilwane ezivela ezingulube ukudla, ukwelashwa kokushisa kwesondlo kufanele kwenziwe.
- Thenga izingulube kuphela ngokuvumelana noMnyango Wezilwane Wezilwane. Izingulube ezincane zidinga ukuba zihlukaniswe, ngaphambi kokuya e-corral ejwayelekile.
- Ezokuthutha nemishini evela ezindaweni ezingcolile akufanele zisetshenziswe ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwangaphambili.
- Endabeni yokutheleleka kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi ezilwaneni ngokushesha kubika iziphathimandla ezifanele.
Uyazi? Ngonyaka ka-2009, isifo sofuba sengulube sabizwa, esiyingozi kunazo zonke kuzo zonke ezaziwayo. Ukusabalala kwegciwane kwakunobuningi, kwanikezwa isisindo esingama-6 esongo.
Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa?
Kunemibuzo ukuthi kukhona yini ukwelashwa kwesifo, kungani i-African fever fever iyingozi kubantu, kungenzeka ukuthi idle inyama yezilwane ezithathelwanayo? 
Okwamanje akakho ukwelashwa kwe-ASF. Kodwa-ke, ayikho impendulo eqondile yokuthi ngabe igciwane liyingozi kubantu. Azikho izifo zokutheleleka komuntu nge-genome ezirekhodiwe. Ngendlela yokwelashwa efanele - ukupheka noma ukucheka, igciwane lesifo lifa, kanti inyama yezingulube ezigulayo ingadliwa.
Kubalulekile! Igciwane lilokhu liguquguquka. Lokhu kungaholela engozini yomzimba oyingozi.Kodwa-ke, i-African fever fever ingakafundiwe ngokugcwele, futhi isisombululo esinengqondo siyobe siwukugwema ukuthintana nomfaki wezinkomo zesifo.
Noma yikuphi ukutheleleka kunciphisa ukusabela komzimba womzimba womuntu. Ingaveza ama-antibodies ngokumelene negciwane, lokhu kuzoholela ekubambeni ukuthi abantu bayothatha isifo, ngenkathi bengenayo izimpawu zayo. 
Ukuze uzivikele, kufanele ugweme ukuxhumana nezilwane ezigulayo. Futhi futhi ukwenza izenzo ezisebenzayo zokulwa nokutheleleka nokuvinjelwa kwayo, ukuze ukwazi ukubona izimpawu zokutheleleka ezilwaneni ezifuywayo ngesikhathi esifanele.
