Izakhiwo ezweni, ezenziwe ngendlela engekho ejwayelekile, zihlobisa isiza futhi zande ukuheha kwayo. Izindlu, ama-gazebos, izindlu zokugcina izithombo, ezakhiwe ngohlobo lwama domes we-geodeic, ngokuqinisekile ngeke ziqashelwe. Ukuqalisa iphrojekthi ye-geo-dome encanyana kuyinto snap. Abalimi abaningi bangabhekana nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esinjalo, naphezu kokuvela kwesakhiwo sohlaka. Izindleko eziphansi zokuthengwa kwezinto zokwakha zikuvumela ukuthi uqedele wonke umsebenzi ngesikhathi esifushane kunazo zonke. Ubuchwepheshe be-dome nabo buthakazelisa abakhi bezindlu zasemadolobheni. Isikhala ngaphakathi kwekhumbi elinjalo libonakala ngokusebenza okwengeziwe. Endlini ebanjelwe, indawo engama-20% engasebenza kakhulu ngenxa yokwehla kwenani lezimvilophu zokwakha. Kulokhu futhi uyakwazi ukugcina izinto zokwakha.
Izakhiwo zezakhiwo, ezazisebenzisa igobolondo le-mesh njengesakhiwo esisekelayo, zavela maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ama-domes okuqala we-geodesic aklanywa nguRichard Fuller (USA). AmaMelika anelungelo lobunikazi lokusungula kwakhe. Kwakuhlelwe ukuthi kwakhiwe izakhiwo ezingajwayelekile ngaleso sikhathi ukuze kutholakale izindlu ezishibhile ezingabizi ngesikhathi esifushane. Kodwa-ke, ukufezekisa ukuthuthukiswa kweningi ngokusho kobuchwepheshe obusunguliwe kwehlulekile.
Itende elibuswa umoya phezu kwechibi elivulekile lomoya ehlobo livikela abantu abaphumule elangeni elinukayo, ngenkathi beqoqa ukushisa
Iphrojekthi enkulu ngokweqile ithole ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinto zesikhathi esizayo: amakhefu, izinkundla zezemidlalo, amachibi. Siphinde sabhekisisa abaklami be-geo-dome ne-landscape, abaqale ukubeka lezi zinhlaka maphakathi nokwakheka komhlaba. Futhi-ke, futhi manje, ochwepheshe bakhangwa ububanzi bezakhiwo eziphethwe. Ngokufaka umcabango kanye ne-fantasy, ungathola izinketho eziningi zokusebenzisa isikhala ngaphakathi komkhakha.
Ukuqanjwa kwe-dome ye-geodeic kubonakaliswa umthamo omkhulu wokuthwala. Usayizi wayo yonke indawo yesakhiwo incike kububanzi befreyimu eyindilinga. Amakamelo amancane amamitha amahlanu ukuphakama amiswa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-crane yokwakha ngabantu ababili noma abathathu.
Kungani lo mklamo ungcono kunabanye?
Ukwakheka kwe-geo-dome kuyindilinga kufaka isandla ekuvumelaneni kwesikhala, esigcwele amandla amahle. Ukuba sendlini eyindilinga ebanzi nenhle kakhulu kuyimpilo yakho. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi izakhiwo ezigadwe zihlukaniswa njengezakhiwo zemvelo. Izinzuzo zezakhiwo ze-geodetic ezikhanyayo zifaka:
- ukuntuleka kwesidingo sesisekelo esiqinile, futhi lokhu kwenza lula futhi kusheshise ukufakwa kwento;
- asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa imishini yokwakha, ehlisa umsindo ngezikhathi eziningi ngesikhathi somsebenzi.
Ukwakhiwa kwama-geo-domes kusekwe kubuchwepheshe befreyimu nesihlangu, okwenza sikwazi ukwakha inani lezinhlaka ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene ekhishi lasehlobo noma endaweni engaphansi kwedolobha, ngokwesibonelo:
- okugeza noma i-sauna;
- ekhishini lasekhaya noma ehlobo;
- igalaji noma i-carport;
- i-gazebo noma i-playhouse yezingane;
- ichibi lokubhukuda unyaka wonke;
- abamba ukushisa noma abamba ukushisa, njll.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezakhiwo ze-geodetic
Imiklamo yama-geocups ihlukile komunye nomunye imvamisa yokuhlukanisa ingaphezulu lesikhala kube oxantathu. Imvamisa yokwehlukaniswa imvamisa kubhekiselwa kunhlamvu V. Inombolo eliseduze ne-V ikhombisa inani lezinto ezahlukahlukene zokwakheka (imiphetho) ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha uhlaka. Lapho likhulu inani lemiphetho elisetshenzisiwe, i-geo-dome iba namandla ngokwengeziwe.
Kunezinhlobo eziyisithupha zama-geo-domes, zazo ezinhlanu zisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ekwakhiweni kwezikhungo:
- I-2V dome (ukuphakama kwesakhiwo ilingana nengxenye yesikhala);
- I-3V dome (ukuphakama kwesakhiwo ngamaphaneli ama-5/8);
- I-4V dome (ukuphakama kwesakhiwo ilingana nengxenye yesikhala);
- I-5V dome (ukuphakama kwesakhiwo ngamaphaneli ama-5/8);
- I-6V dome (ukuphakama kwesakhiwo kuyingxenye yesikhala).
Kulula ukuqaphela ukuthi ukwakheka kokuphamba kwento kutholakala kuphela ngokuvama ukwahlukanisa.
Isikimu sozimele sohlobo lwe-geodetic dome 22 sokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezincane. Izimbambo zobude obuhlukile ziyaqokonyiswa futhi kumakwe ngezinhlamvu.
Ezakhiweni ezincane zekotishi, umklamo wama-2V dome uvame ukukhethwa. Uhlaka luqoqiwe kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zezimbambo, kukhonjiswe kumidwebo ukuze kube lula ngoonobumba besiLatini u-A no-B, futhi luqokonyiswe ngokungeziwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu. Izikhala zibuye zakhiwe ngemibala ukwenza lula inqubo yokuhlangana kwesakhiwo sohlaka. Ukuxhuma imiphetho ngamanye wohlaka lwe-geodeic dome, kusetshenziswa ama-node akhethekile, abizwa ngokuthi abaxhumi. Lapho ufaka i-2V-dome design, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezintathu zezixhumi:
- 4 ukuphela;
- 5 ukuphela;
- 6 ukuphela.
Ukubala ubude bezimbambo nenombolo yezixhumi, kusetshenziswa imishini yokubala online, lapho kusetshenziswa imininingwane yomthombo wento: imisebe yesisekelo, imvamisa yokwahlukanisa, ukuphakama okufiselekayo kwedome.
Izinhlobo ezintathu zezixhumi ezisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma imiphetho yohlaka lwe-dome, zihlangana endaweni eyodwa (phezulu kwepholigoni)
Izinto ezinkulu ze-hemispherical, ububanzi besisekelo bawo obedlula amamitha ayi-14, zakhiwa kusetshenziswa ama-domes ama-3V nama-4V. Esikhathini esiphindaphindayo sokubeka eceleni, kutholakala izimbambo ezinde kakhulu, okwenza ubunzima bokulungela ukufakwa kwabo kufakwe. Lapho kwakhiwa dome 33, ubude izimbambo cishe amamitha amathathu. Ukuhlanganisa ifreyimu kusuka ezintweni ezinjalo ezinde kuyinkinga impela.
Ngokukhetha uhlobo oluhlukile lwe-dome (4V), yehlisa ubude bezimbambo bube ngamamitha angu-2.27, okwenza lula ukuhlangana kwesakhiwo sedome. Ukunciphisa ubude bezakhi zokwakheka kuholela ekwandeni kwesibalo sabo. Uma i-dome ye-3V enobude be-5/8 sphere inezimbambo eziyi-165 nezixhumi ezingama-61, khona-ke i-dome eyi-6V en ukuphakama okufanayo kwezimbambo isivele inezingcezu ezingama-555, nezixhumi ze-196.
Isisekelo se-Pile sokufaka izakhiwo ezinkulu ezakhiwe ezivumela ukwakhiwa ukunikeza amandla adingekayo nokuqina
Isibonelo sokwakha abamba ukushisa abaphethwe
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakhiwa, zinqunywa ngendawo eyisisekelo yohlaza okuzayo, kanye nokuphakama kwayo. Ubungako bendawo yesisekelo incike emisebeni yesiyingi lapho i-polygon ejwayelekile ihlangana khona noma izungeza. Uma sicabanga ukuthi irediyasi yesisekelo izoba amamitha ama-3, futhi ukuphakama kwe-hemisphere kuyinto eyodwa nohafu wamamitha, khona-ke ukubutha idome ye-2V uzodinga:
- Izimbambo ezingama-35 ezinosayizi olayini we-0.93 m;
- Izimbambo ezingama-30 0.82 m ubude;
- Izixhumi ezi-6 ezinamaphoyinti amahlanu;
- Izixhumi eziyi-10 ezikhombe ezine;
- Izixhumi eziyi-10 eziyisithupha.
Ukukhetha izinto zokwakha
Njengezimbambo zozimele, ungasebenzisa ama-Whetstones, ibhodi kocingo, ipayipi lephrofayela, kanye nezithusi ezikhethekile eziphindwe kabili. Lapho ulungiselela izimbambo zinaka ububanzi bazo. Uma kukhethwe ibhodi lokubiyela, khona-ke kuzodingeka inqunywe libe izingxenye eziningana ezilinganayo ngejigsaw.
Kufakwa pad
Njengoba uselungiselele zonke izakhi zedome yesikhathi esizayo, qhubeka uqonde endaweni yokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukuzihlomisa ngezinga lesakhiwo, ngoba indawo kufanele ibe isicaba ngokuphelele. Indawo ebanjiwe ifafazwa ngesendlalelo sembububende, ehlanganiswe kahle.
Ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo nokuhlangana kohlaka lwama-dome
Ngokulandelayo, baqala ukwakha isisekelo se-greenhouse, ukuphakama kwawo, kanye nokuphakama kodonga, kuzokwenza igumbi lihlale lisebenza kahle. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwesisekelo, baqala ukuhlanganisa uhlaka kusuka kwizimbambo ngokohlelo, olukhombisa ukulandelana kwezixhumi. Umphumela kufanele ube yi-polyhedron.
Uhlaka lwe-hemisphere yesigamu semitha yokuhlela indawo ebamba ukushisa ezweni yenziwa ngamabha wokhuni axhumene nendlela yokuxhuma ngokohlelo nomunye nomunye.
Umhlangano ungasizwa ngokufaka imibala kwizimbambo zobude obuhlukile ngemibala ehlukene. Lokhu kugqamisa kombala kwezinto zesakhiwo ngasinye kugwema ukudideka. Onxantathu be-Isosceles baqoqwe kusuka kumabha noma izingcezu zepayipi lephrofayili bahlanganiswa ndawonye abaxhumi (amadivaysi akhethekile). Noma izakhiwo ezincane zingaqiniswa ngezikulufo zokuzithinta kanye neteyipu evamile yokufaka.
Ukusheshisa Amashidi wePolycarbonate
Amashidi wePolycarbonate asikwe ngesimo esingunxantathu agxunyekwe ohlakeni. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, kusetshenziswa izikulufa ezikhethekile. Ama-seams aphakathi kwamashidi asondelene e-polycarbonate ahlotshisiwe, futhi ngasikhathi sinye afakwe ngama-slats.
Ukuhleleka kwangaphakathi
Imibhede yenziwa eceleni komngcele we-greenhouse, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kufanele kube ngokulingana nokuphakama kwesisekelo sohlaka. Lapho ukuhlobisa uthango, kusetshenziswa izinto ezahlukahlukene. Kungcono futhi kuhlanganiswe ngokubabazekayo izitshalo ezikhule ku-greenhouse, itshe lemvelo. Ukuze kube lula, indlela ku-greenhouse yenziwe ngobubanzi ngangokunokwenzeka. Qiniseka ukuhlinzeka indawo yokuphumula, lapho ungabazisa ubuhle bezitshalo nezimbali ezingaphandle.
Uhlaka lwale ndawo ebamba ukushisa yenziwa ngepayipi lephrofayili. Ubuso bePolygon benziwa ngamashidi we-polycarbonate adlulisela ukukhanya futhi avinjele imisebe ye-ultraviolet
Ngokusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwesikhala sangaphakathi usebenzisa amapayipi we-polypropylene, anamathele emaphethelweni wohlaka. Kule mibhobho kusamiswa imbobo yenqolobane enezitshalo eziningi. Izitshalo ezikhula kancane zitshalwa ngasemaphethelweni wegreenhouse, kanti ezinde ziseduze nasenkabeni. Ukugcina izinga elanele lomswakama ngaphakathi kwedome, kufakwa ithangi lamanzi engxenyeni esenyakatho yesakhiwo. Qinisa umphumela wokugcina ukushisa ngaphakathi kwegreenhouse kuvumela ifilimu elikhanyayo, elinamathiselwe ekwakhekeni kohlaka, olubekwe ngaphezulu kwethangi ngamanzi.
Futhi ungakha ichibi elincane kusuka kuthayi, funda ngakho: //diz-cafe.com/ideas/mini-prud-iz-pokryshki.html
Ukuhlelwa kwangaphakathi kwegreenhouse okugcinwe kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kakhulu kwendawo etholakalayo. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kuthinta ukukhethwa kwendawo yokutshala ku-greenhouse yesimo esingajwayelekile kangako
I-Arbor ngesimo se-hemisphere engavulekile
I-gazebo, eyenziwe ngohlobo lwe-hemisphere evulekile, izoba yindawo ekhangayo kakhulu ekhishini lasehlobo. Lesi sakhiwo somoya sizobe sibuthana phakathi kosuku olulodwa lokusebenza. Ukufakwa kozimele kwenziwa ngepayipi lephrofayili. Ububanzi be-dome kufanele bube ngamamitha ayi-6, nokuphakama kwento - amamitha ayi-2,5. Ngobukhulu obunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthola amamitha-skwele angama-28 wesikhala esisebenzisekayo esanele ukuhlalisa abangane nezihlobo. Izici zesakhiwo ze-3V dome nazo zibalwa kusetshenziswa imishini yokubala online. Ngenxa yokubala okuzenzakalelayo, kuvela ukuthi uma kwakhiwa i-gazebo uzodinga:
- Izingcezu ezingama-30 zezimbambo i-107,5 cm ngayinye;
- Izingcezu ezingama-40 zezimbambo eziyi-124 cm;
- Izingcezu ezingama-50 izimbambo 126.7 cm ngamunye.
Imiphetho yezimbambo ezisikiwe kwipayipi lephrofayili ithotshisiwe, yaxoshwa futhi yagoqwa ngamadigri ayi-11. Ukuze kube lula ukuhlangana, amathethini we-geo-dome amakwe ngombala ofanayo ngobude bomphetho ngokuya ngohlelo. Umphumela uba amaqembu amathathu wezinto ezinamathele komunye nomunye ngokuya ngesikimu esinama-washers, amabhlokhi namantongomane. Ngemuva kokuqeda ukufakwa kozimele, khiqiza isembozo sezinto zokumboza, ezingabhekwa njengezilandelayo:
- amashidi we-plywood;
- imishini ye-polycarbonate enemibala;
- ulayini;
- amathayili athambile, njll.
Uma uvala kuphela ingxenye engenhla yohlaka, uthola i-gazebo yasekuqaleni evulekile. Usebenzisa amakhethini, ungahlobisa isikhala esisele samahala ezinhlangothini ze-gazebo. Ukufeza ukwakheka okungajwayelekile kwesakhiwo se-dome kuzovumela ukucabanga kwakho.
Ungathola ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke lapho ukhetha amakhethini wegazebo yengadi kusuka kokuqukethwe: //diz-cafe.com/dekor/shtory-dlya-sadovoj-besedki-i-verandy.html
Uhlaka lwensimbi oluhlanganayo lungadilizwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Uma kunesidingo, isakhiwo esisetshenziswayo sihanjiswa ngemvelo, lapho sihlangana khona bese simbozwa ngesembozo esenziwe ngendwangu engaphenduki amanzi.
Noma mhlawumbe wakhe indlu yonke?
Indlu, ngokungafani nezakhiwo okuxoxwe ngazo ngenhla, idinga isisekelo samapulangwe esishisa ngokushisa. Ama-rack ekhoneni ezisekelo zodonga, kanye neziqu ezivundlile, anamathiselwe kwisisekelo esakhiwe. Ngemuva kokuqhubeka nokufakwa kwama-batome dome.
Ingxenye eyindilinga yohlaka kusuka ngaphandle ihlanganiswa ngamashidi e-plywood, ubukhulu bawo kufanele okungenani bube ngu-18 mm. IWindows neminyango kufakiwe ezindaweni ezikhethiwe. Ukushisa lesi sakhiwo, kusetshenziswa izinto zokufakelwa zokufudumeza zesizukulwane esisha, ezibuye zimbozwe ngaphakathi ngamashidi we-plywood noma ezinye izinto zokuhlobisa.
Futhi, izinto ezisezigabeni zokwakha indlu yohlaka zizosebenza: //diz-cafe.com/postroiki/dachnyj-domik-svoimi-rukami.html
Ukwakhiwa kwendlu yezwe ngendlela ye-dome ye-geodeic kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izinto ezifudumeza ukushisa ezibekwe phakathi kokuqedwa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kohlaka oluphindwe kabili
Ukuze uqiniswe ngokushesha kwazo zonke izinto zokwakha, kunconywa ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-strut oluphindwe kabili ekwakhiweni kwendlu yezwe.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, wonke umlimi angaluthola uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-dome geodeic at cottage ehlobo. Uma ungakwazi ukuzakhela lesi sakhiwo sangempela ngokwakho, bese uqasha ochwepheshe. Abakhi abaningi bayakujabulela ukwenza amaphrojekthi anjalo, ngoba angakhiwa ngesikhathi esifushane.
