Lesi sitshalo asizethembisi futhi siyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuba umlimi onesipiliyoni aqalise, futhi ubukhulu bezindlela bunokuvumela ukuthi uthole indawo yawo cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo.
Incazelo yomshanelo
Umhluzi (bobovnik) isihlahla esingakhula sifinyelele kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Amagxolo aluhlaza endaweni yonke ahlanganisa isiqu sawo, esiqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Phezu kwamagatsha, ubona i-pubescence encane nemisipha ebuthakathaka yombala wesiliva.
Amahlumela okusanhlamvu wesitshalo esincane aphendukela emhlabathini ngenxa yokuthi inqwaba enkulu yezithombo zemvelo igoba iziqu ezingazinzile. Amakamelo amathathu okusaqanda enza ipuleti leqabunga, phezulu komhluzi kungahlanganiswa amasampula. Ishidi lifinyelela ubude obu-4 cm.
Izinhlobo zomshanelo
Abafuyi bafuya izinhlobo nezinhlobo zomshanelo, phakathi kwazo kukhona ukumelana nesithwathwa, okufaka iphunga elinamandla, izihlahlana ezinde kanye nendawo yendawo yonke, zenani lazo ngekhono lazo lokushesha ukuzivumelanisa nemvelo.
| Buka | Incazelo | Kushiya | Izici, uhlelo lokusebenza |
| Umqhele (ama-zharnovets ashaqekile) | Esikhathini sokuqala sokukhula, babhekana ne-pubescence encane, bese inyamalala. Ukhipha izingongolo eziluhlaza zingafinyelela kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Izimbali eziphuzi ezingajwayelekile, ezihlotshiswe ngefluff, zikhula zibe ngu-2 cm ubukhulu. Njengesithelo - ubhontshisi onezinhlamvu eziningana. Isampula emelana neqhwa iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa komoya okuzungeza -20 ° C. Kusetshenziswe Kakhulu engxenyeni yaseYurophu yezwekazi. Izindawo ezilungiselela kuqala zinezimo zezulu ezifudumele. | Okuvamisile, okuphakanyisiwe kancane, kube nesimo se-oval. Kuncike ekuthengeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi. | Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlobisa zikuvumela ukuthi:
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| Cusian | Isinambuzane esivame kakhulu (cishe ngo-0.3 m), esidala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX eNgilandi. Ukuqhakaza kakhulu - kuze kufike ku-2 m ububanzi. Izimbali zikhulu, ziphuzi. | I-Ternary. | Kuhle ukuhlanganisa ngamatshe okuhlobisa. |
| Ukuvikela izimbali | Ikhula ibe ngu-0.6 m ukuphakama. Luhlotshiswe ngezimbali ezinkulu zombala ophuzi ogcwele. Iqinile ngokuqinile emqubeni obandayo kuya -20 ° C. | Encane, kathathu. | Usayizi wekhompiyutha uvumela ukusetshenziswa kwesitshalo sonke. |
| Ekuseni | Isihlahla esinomqhele omnyama sikhula sibe ngamamitha ayi-1.5. Amagatsha afana nesimo se-arc. NgoMeyi, izimbali eziphuzi ezinephunga eliyisici zikhula. Impande ayijuli emhlabathini. | Kuhlanganisiwe, kuze kufike ku-2 cm ubude. | Njengengxenye yokwakheka nanjengesitshalo sokuma sodwa. Tshala ukuhlobisa imingcele nesihlabathi emithambekeni. |
| Kugcwele | I-shrub inezici ezihlangene: 0.5 m ukuphakama kanye no-0,8 m ubukhulu. Izimbali ziqala maphakathi nehlobo, ziphela ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Ungabona izithelo ezivuthiwe ngo-Okthoba. | Luhlaza okotshani, okusaqanda. | Kuyaphawuleka ekuvuthweni kwayo kokuqala, kanye nephesenti layo eliphezulu lokuhluma kwembewu (ngaphezulu kwama-90%). |
| Ukukhamba | Isihlahla esimfushane asikhulisi ngaphezu kwe-0,2 m ukuphakama, ububanzi bungama-0.8 m. Izimbali zimelwe ngemibala ehlukene ephuzi. Njengoba isithelo siletha ubhontshisi omncane we-pubescent. Kwenziwe kusukela ukuphela kwekhulu le-XVIII. | Isici esiyinhloko ubukhazikhazi bezimbali. | |
| Oblong | Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwezinye izitshalo zomshanelo. Iqhakaza kusukela ekuqaleni kuya phakathi nehlobo. Izinhlayiya zegolide legolide. Ikhombisa izinkomba zokukhula ezinhle kakhulu enhlabathini yezakhi ezikhululekile endaweni enokhanya kahle. | Amacembe ama-Ternary ayashona. | Phezulu yikhanda lomkhonto. Ama-specimens avuthiwe kuphela (aneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5 ubudala) athela izithelo, ubhontshisi uvuthwe ekwindla yokuqala. Akubekezeleli ukubanda, ngakho-ke ebusika kudinga ukufudumala. |
| Ukwenza mnyama | IShrub ayikhuli ngaphezu kwe-1 m ukuphakama. Amahlumela amasha ambozwe i-pubescence. Ama-inflorescence akhiwa izimbali eziphuzi ezi-15-30. | Oblong, luhlaza. | Imbewu esebenzayo, isitshalo siqala ukuthela izithelo sineminyaka engu-2 ubudala. |
| Zinger (IsiRussia) | IHabitat: Amahlathi ahlanganisiwe engxenyeni esenyakatho yeRussia. Iziqu zalesi zinhlobo eziphansi zikhuphuka 1 m ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Izithelo zingamabhontjisi (3 cm esigabeni eside). | Luhlaza okhanyayo, kathathu, ubude obungu-2,5 cm. | Universal endaweni, ukhetha inhlabathi enesihlabathi. |
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo
Phakathi kwezihlahla ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo, cishe wonke umlimi uzokwazi ukukhetha efanelekayo ukulinyelwa.
| Ibanga | Incazelo | Izimbali |
| URuby bosc | Izinhlobo zokuqala, eziphawuleka ngezimpawu zalo zokuhlobisa. Ikhula ifike kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama, ihlume, amagatsha amade futhi awondile. Amahlamvu aluhlaza satshani. | Bomvu ngaphandle, ngaphakathi - onsomi. Itholakala endaweni eyihlahla. |
| I-zealand yakuqala | Izinhlobonhlobo zidinga ukufudumeza isikhathi sasebusika, ngoba azizibekezeleli amaqhwa, ziyi-thermophilic kakhulu. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani ogqamile. | Umbala wepende. |
| U-Olgold | Izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zifanekiselwa yi-shrub ecwathile efinyelela ku-2 m ubukhulu. Dinga umbala omningi welanga nenhlabathi enesihlabathi. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi, kuphuma iphunga elinamandla. | I-yellow hue. |
| Lena | Izinhlobonhlobo ezithanda ukushisa zifinyelela ku-1.5 m ukuphakama futhi zidinga ukufakwa ebusika. | Ngaphandle kubomvu, ngaphakathi kunegolide. |
| Splenders | Ifana nesimo sebhola, ikhula ngo-0.5 m ukuphakama nobubanzi. Iqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. | Umbala wotshani ohlanganisiwe. |
| Palette | Ibanga lokumelana nesithwathwa. | Imbali enkulu ebomvu ifakwe umngcele welanga. |
| IHolland | Iqhakaza kahle kakade maphakathi nentwasahlobo. Izinhlobonhlobo zothando elanga liyaphawuleka ngokumelana kwalo nokubanda nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuphezulu. | Umbala obomvu onsomi kanye nemithunzi yawo. |
| I-Albus | Izinhlobonhlobo zokulwa nesithwathwa zibonakala ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali zakuqala, ubukhulu obuncane kanye nokwakheka okuyindilinga. | Imhlophe ngokukhanya okuncane. |
| IBurkwoody | Ibanga eliphakeme, elikhula libe ngu-2 m ngisho nasenhlabathini embi, limelana nokubanda nesomiso. | Izimbali zamakhorali zakhiwa umucu wegolide. |
| Imvula yegolide | Isihlahla esine-compact equkethe ubuthi. | Izithunzi ze-lemoni. |
Ukutshala umshanelo nokunakekela
Ukuze lesi sitshalo sithokozise umlimi ngokubukeka okuhle, ukukhula okuphezulu kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi, kuyadingeka ukunikeza imibandela efanelekile yomshanelo, engahlukaniswa yi-whimsicality ekhethekile phakathi kwezinye izihlahla.
Izinsuku nemithetho yokufika
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Indawo kufanele ibekwe kahle futhi ivikelwe emimoyeni enamandla yomoya. Kungcono ukutshala emhlabathini omncane one-acidic onamapayipi amanzi. Inketho enhle kunazo zonke inhlabathi enesihlabathi. Kuyinto engathandeki ukutshala eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi, ngoba izinto ezinobuthi ezakha lesi sitshalo zingalimaza izakhamuzi zasemanzini. Okokuqala udinga ukulungiselela ingxube, okufanele igcwalise izimbobo zezihlahlana.
Kufanele iqukathe:
- Isihlabathi;
- Umhlaba weTurf;
- Humus.
Isilinganiso esinconyiwe sezingxenye ngu 2: 1: 1.
Isisindo sidinga ukuxutshwa kahle ngosuku olwandulela ukuqubuka, kungafakwa nomanyolo omncane wamaminerali kuwo.
Lapho utshala, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ibanga phakathi kwezithombo ezingamasentimitha angama-30. Lapho ugaya umgodi, ukubhekelwa phansi kwengqondo yobumba kufanele kucatshangelwe. Ukuhlinzeka ngokudonsa okuhle (amasentimitha angama-20) kuzosiza ekugwemeni ukufuduka komswakama nokubola kohlelo lwezimpande. Kumhlabathi onesihlabathi, ungqimba lwe-10 cm luzokwanela.
Inqubo yokufika:
- Hlela isithombo emgodini;
- Ukugcwalisa imiphetho yamahhala ngomxube olungiselelwe;
- Thambisa inhlabathi;
- Moisturize;
- Mboza inhlabathi enomswakama ngenani elincanyana lezinto eziphilayo ngesendlalelo esingu-5 cm.
Ukunisela
Ukuchelela kwenziwa njengoba inhlabathi yomisa, kufanele kube maningi. Ezikhathini zemvula, ungakhawulela imvamisa yomswakama, kufanele futhi incishiswe ngokuqala kwekwindla. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amanzi axazululiwe, ngoba isikhunta esikuqukethe sizolimaza umshanelo. Kubalulekile ukhula njalo endaweni futhi ukhulule isiyingi esiseduze nesiqu sehlahla ngokujula okuyi-10 cm.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Isitshalo kufanele sivundiselwe:
- I-nitrogen, urea entwasahlobo;
- Ingxube ye-superphosphate (60 g) nge-potassium sulfure (30 g), evinjelwe ebhakedeni lamanzi;
- Umlotha wezinkuni (300 g ngesihlahla esi-1) ngenkathi unciphisa izinga lokuthuthuka kwesihlahla.
Ukufakelwa kanye nokusakazwa komshanelo
Inqubo yokuhambisa isitshalo ayihlukile kakhulu ekutshaleni futhi yenziwa kanjena:
- Kulungiselelwe umgodi isihlahlana, amahlandla amabili usayizi wezimpande zaso;
- Ngaphansi komgodi kumbozwe ngotshani, ngezitini ezaphukile noma ngobumba olwandisiwe (amanzi);
- Ngobusuku bokususwa kwesihlahla, kulungiselelwe inhlabathi;
- Isitshalo sibekwa emgodini olungiselelwe bese kufafazwa.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Ekwindla yokuqala, ungaqoqa imbewu kubhontshisi bese uyitshala engxube ekhethekile yenhlabathi, ehlanganisa isihlabathi ne-peat ngokulingana okulinganayo. Imbewu kumele icwiliswe enhlabathini ngo-0,5 cm. Ukwakha umphumela wegreenhouse, amboze isitsha nge-polyethylene bese uwushiya endaweni efudumele futhi emnyama. Faka umoya bese ufafaza njalo.
Lapho amahlumela ethola amapheshana (ubuncane 2), kufanele atshalwe emabhodweni ahlukahlukene agcwele inhlabathi ekhethekile, enezakhi ezilandelayo:
- Isihlabathi;
- Umhlaba weTurf;
- Humus.
Entwasahlobo, izitshalo ezincane kumele zitshalwe ezitsheni ezinkulu. Emva kwalokhu, ukungena kwe-pinching kwenziwa ukuze kwakheke amahlamvu aluhlaza esihlahleni ngokuzayo.
Ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-2, ngalesi sikhathi shrub kufanele ikhule ibe ngu-0.5 m.
Izimbumbulu
Ehlobo, ungavuna ukusikwa ngokunquma amahlumela asevele lukhuni futhi athola amaqabunga angama-2-3. Ngemuva kwalokho izithombo kufanele zifinyezwe ngesigamu bese zitshaleke kwinhlanganisela yenhlabathi eyenziwe ngaphambilini. Ukuze uthole izimpande ezinhle kakhulu zokusika, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo zokushisa ezifanele zamahlumela bese uzifafaza njalo. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5, izithombo ezinezithombo kufanele zitshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukile. Ngemuva kweminyaka lemibili, lesi sitshalo singatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa
Entwasahlobo, kufanele ukhethe amagatsha akhula kusuka ngezansi uwafake kuma-grooves ngaphansi kwesihlahla, afafazwe ngongqimba oluncane lomhlabathi. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele usuthise futhi unisele amagatsha, futhi ngesimo sezulu esibandayo sokuqala - faka. Entwasahlobo, ungatshala usiki.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
| Inkinga | Isixazululo |
| Imazi Echotshisiwe | Ukusetshenziswa kwe-chlorophosome. |
| Moth | Ukusetshenziswa kwama-insecticides. |
| I-Powdery hlobo | Ukufafaza nge-foundationazole, isixazululo sensimbi yethusi. |
| Ibala elimnyama | Ukwelashwa kwehlobo nge-foundationazole, i-polycarbacin (0.4%), i-Bordeaux liquid (1%). |
Ubusika bangaphandle bomshanelo
Ngemuva kokuba isitshalo siphela, wonke amagatsha amancanyana kufanele asikwe. Amabhasi angafinyeleli eminyakeni emithathu anconywa ukuthi afakelwe isikhathi sasebusika ngokufaka i-peat, ukudonsa amagatsha futhi ukumboza phezulu ngendwangu engalukwanga.
Isicelo sokuklanywa komhlaba
Kusetshenziswe ekwakheni ngamatshe okuhlobisa nama-conifers, nawo angatholwa njengesitshalo esisodwa. Ezihlahleni, zivame ukwakha uthango, zibatshala zilandelana. Umshanelo uhlanganiswe neminduze yesigodi, i-lavender ne-heather.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancoma: izakhiwo ezizuzayo zomshanelo
I-Zharnovets ethukile yaziwa njengesitshalo esimnandi soju, nayo iyaziswa ngezimpawu zayo zezokwelapha. Isibonelo, ukuze ulungiselele ukumnika okwelapha, uthele i-1 tsp. izitshalo ezigoqwe ngamanzi abilayo abilisiwe, gxilisa futhi uxinanise.
Izinkomba ezisetshenziswayo:
- Isifo sofuba
- Jaundice;
- Isifo sesibindi
- Ukukhwehlela
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda.
Kunconywa ukuthathwa kabili ngosuku, noma kunjalo, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, xhumana nochwepheshe ukuthola ukuthi umthamo ungakanani. Kuyavumelaniswa kokuya esikhathini nokungabekezelelani.
