Uma unquma ukutshala amagilebhisi ensimini yakho, khona-ke kuyoba nemibuto eminingi ecacile, owokuqala kuyoba "Futhi hlobo luni lwesitshalo lokutshala?".
Esinye sezimpendulo zalo mbuzo singase sibe "i-Helios" yamagilebhisi.
Amahlumela alezi zinhlobonhlobo ngeke ajabulise nje ngokubukeka kwawo okukhangayo, kodwa futhi nenani lokuvuna.
Izici zokulingana nokunakekelwa zichazwe ngezansi.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi "Helios"
I-"Helios" yamagilebhisi yatholwa ngumfuyi V. Kraynov. kusukela ekuhambeni izinhlobo "Arcadia" kanye nomvini "Nakhodka". Igama lesibili elithi "Helios" - "Arcadia Pink".
Lokhu kuyintlobo ehlukahlukene yamagilebhisi, i-hybrid. Yena ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala, njengoba ikhula ezinsukwini ezingu-110.
Ukuvuna ukulungele ukuvuna ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Izihlahla zinamandla, zide, izimbali zobulili. Amaqoqo anesisindo esikhulu, ubukhulu bungaba yi-1.5 kg, bufana nesigonsi noma i-cylindrical cone. Amajikijolo akhiwe njenge-oval, enkulu kakhulu, pink.
Isisindo sesithelo esisodwa sifike ku-15 g, 32 x 23 mm ngobukhulu. Isikhumba sinobomvu, ubukhulu obuphakathi. Inyama iyamanzi, ene-nutmeg taste, enhle. Izimbali zobungqingili. Wonke amahlumela avuthiwe kahle.
Ukuvunwa okuphezuluuzinzile Ukuqina kwe-Frost kuphakeme, kufika ku -23 ° C. Ukuphikiswa okunamandla kokuphefumula ne-oidium. Amabutho "we-Helios" angathuthwa kalula, kanti ngeke alahlekelwe isethulo esihle kakhulu.
Izintandokazi:
- kahle ukunambitheka
- isikhathi esifushane sokuguga
- high frost ukumelana
- cishe engabhekene nezifo ezifayo
- isivuno esikhulu
- kahle igcina ukuhamba
Ukungalungi:
- udinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda mayelana nokuvuna ukuvuna kwamagilebhisi.
Mayelana nezici zokutshala izinhlobo
Amagilebhisi "I-Helios" isitshalo esingenasisekelo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukutshala emhlabathini ovundile, kungenjalo ngeke nje uthathe izimpande.
Ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla kufanele lifinyelele ku-2.5 kuya ku-3 m, ukuze izimpande zezihlahla ezihlukene zithole isikhala esanele. Ngokuqondene nesikhathi sokutshala, kungase kube entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ngenxa yokumelana nokushisa kwamaqhwa, izithombo "ezitshalwe" kuphela emhlabathini futhi zihlanganiswe ebusika ngeke zife ngenkathi ebandayo.
Izici zomzimba izithombo zibaluleke kakhulu. Ngamunye wabo kufanele abe uhlelo lwempande oluhle. Ukudubula okuvuthiwe kufanele kube luhlaza, ubude obuyi-20 cm.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, isithombo kumele "sivuselelwe", okungukuthi, unciphisa izimpande ze-lateral kuze kube ubude buka-10 kuya ku-15 cm, futhi unqume ukudubula okuvuthiwe ezingeni lesifudumele sesine noma sesihlanu. Uma amahlumela anjalo nge-sapling 2, khona-ke udinga ukususa obuthakathaka.
Amahora angu-12 - 24 ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyisifiso sokunciphisa izimpande zibe yisisombululo esibuthakathaka sokuthuthukiswa kokukhula. Ukuze utshale, udinga ukumba imbewu ngayinye emgodini u-80x80x80 cm, ngenkathi uhlukanisa ngokucacile izinhlobo ezimbili zomhlaba: ungqimba ophansi nengqimba engenhla.
Ingqimba ephezulu kufanele ixubane ne-humus, superphosphate, usawoti we-potassium, ithululelwe emgodini ngezingqimba zika-30-40 cm futhi ihlanganiswe kahle. Okulandelayo kulendlalelo udinga ukufaka isiteji, esembozwe umhlaba kusukela ungqimba olungezansi. Leli zwe liphinde lidingeke lenze kahle.
Ungagcwalisi umgodikungcono ukushiya umgodi ozungeza uhlaka lwama-5-10 cm nendawo engama-20-30 cm. Ngemva kokutshala, imbewu kufanele iphuze (ama-2-3 amabhakede ngehora elilodwa 1 sq. m), ukhulule inhlabathi ngemuva kokumuncuzela umswakama, futhi umboze kahle ngesokunxele nge-mulch.
Ukunakekela ibanga elithi "Helios"
- Ukunisela
Ngokunisela izihlahla ezinhlobonhlobo "I-Helios" kudingeka ziqaphele, ngoba umswakama obuningi ungathinta kakhulu isivuno. Ngakho-ke, entwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lingenazi zero ngisho nasebusuku, kuyadingeka ukuba uchithe izihlahla zamagilebhisi kakhulu.
Awukwazi ukuletha amanzi emhlabathini kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa liba yi-sub-zero, njengoba amanzi emhlabathini eyoqhwaza futhi awonakele uhlelo lwempande yemivini. Ngemuva kokunciphisa izihlahla kudingeka ziphuze futhi.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, emva kokuchichima kanye nokukhula kwamajikijolo, izihlahla ziyakudinga kakhulu umswakama, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuphuza amagilebhisi ngalesi sigaba esisebenzayo sonyaka okhulayo.
Ngaphambi kokumboza amagilebhisi ebusika, udinga ukwenza okuthiwa amanzi avuselela ukuchelela, okungukuthi, ukuhlinzeka izimpande ngamanzi isikhathi sokubanda. Umthamo wokunisela njalo ungama-2 kuya ku-3 amabhakede kumitha eyodwa yesigcawu, ngenkathi amanzi okulondoloza amanzi egcwele kakhulu futhi afinyelela amabhakede ama-5 kuya ku-6 kumitha eyodwa yesikwele.
- Ukuxhuma
Ukuze umhlaba ugcine umswakama isikhathi eside, inhlabathi idinga ukumbozwa ngomunwe. Njengento efunwa, ungasebenzisa utshani, amahlamvu, ngisho nokuhlwanyela utshani ngemifino yemifino. Ubukhulu bezingqimba zomuncwaba eziphilayo kufanele okungenani kube ngu-5 cm, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kube nomqondo kule nqubo.
Namuhla, imakethe yezolimo inezinto eziningi ezintsha ezingasetshenziswa kulezi zinhloso. Enye yezinto ezihloliwe futhi ezifanele kakhulu yileli pheshana. Kufanele isetshenziswe ngesisekelo semilayezo.
- Ukuhweba
Amagilebhisi "Helios" kakhulu ukuvinjelwa kwesithwathwa, kodwa uma kungekho ukunakekelwa njalo, izihlahla zingase zife. Futhi ikakhulukazi lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kwanda ebusika lapho izinga lokushisa liwela ngaphansi kwezinga eliphansi. Ngakho-ke, uma esifundeni sakho izinga lokushisa ebusika lehla kancane ngokwanele, indawo yokuhlala ehlathini yamagilebhisi imane nje inqubo edingekayo.
Ukwenza lokhu, isihlahla ngasinye kufanele sibe "sihlukaniswe" ngesigamu, ukubopha lezi zingxenye zehlathi nokubeka lezi zingxenye ezixhunyiwe phansi, ngokubekwa ngaphambilini izinto ezithile ngaphansi kwazo (isibonelo, i-polyethylene). Qiniseka ukuthi uvikele imivini emhlabathini ukuze bangakwazi ukukhuphuka.
Kulo lonke umugqa wezihlahla ezibekiwe kakade kudingekile ukufaka i-iron arcs lapho i-polyethylene isolulwe khona. Endabeni ye-Helios, ingubo eyodwa yokugqoka iyoba yanele. Qinisekisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amahlumela awawuthinti ifilimu, kungenjalo ishisa emvinini.
Ngaphezu kwalendlela yokukhosela, kunenye futhi-ukuvikelwa komhlaba. Ukwenza lokhu, izihlahla kufanele zihlukaniswe futhi zibekwe phansi, bese zifafazwe ngomhlaba, futhi ukuze kutholakale isigundane. Uma kubanda, iqhwa lingasetshenziswa futhi njengesivikelo esengeziwe.
- Ukudubula
Ngokuba "izinhlobo ze-Helios" zihlukahluka isimo overload emivini, okwenza isivuno sihlupheke. Ngakho-ke, ukusika izihlahla zalesi sivini kuyadingeka.
Esinye isici esithi "I-Helios" yiqiniso lokuthi kufanele liqedwe entwasahlobo. Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho amahlumela engakafiki ngesikhathi sokukhula esebenzayo, kubalulekile ukusabalalisa umthwalo emvinini.
Ngendwangu eyodwa akufanele kube khona ama-peepholes angaphezu kuka-35, kanti imivini ye-fruiting kumele ifinyelelwe ezingeni lama-6 kuya ku-8. Uma udinga ukunciphisa isithombo, njalo unyaka wonke udinga ukunciphisa ukuphunyuka kwonyaka ezingeni lelihlo elihambisanayo.
- Umanyolo
Njenganoma yiliphi elinye amagilebhisi, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze "Helios" zidinga umanyolo owengeziwe wokukhula okukhulayo nokuchuma. Ngakho-ke, umanyolo wamaminerali usetshenziswa njalo ngonyaka, kanti kanye neminyaka emibili kuya kwengu-3 kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izinto eziphilayo.
Emva kokuvula izihlahla ngemuva kwebusika, udinga ukwengeza i-nitrogen enhlabathini, okungukuthi i-ammonium nitrate. Ukwandisa inani lale ndawo ethile yamakhemikhali kuzokwandisa amandla okukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezihlahla.
Ngaphandle kwe-nitrogen, amahlumela adinga i-phosphorus ne-potassium, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuba uphuze futhi emva kwalokho udinga ukufaka u-superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium emhlabathini. Umanyolo we-Organic yi-humus, i-peat, i-compost kanye nokunye okunjalo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlanganisa ukugqoka nokuchelela.
- Ukuvikelwa
I-Helios ukumelana nezifo ezifayokodwa izinyathelo zokuvimbela ziyadingeka. Ukuba khona kwamaqabunga noma amabala aphuzi, noma uthuli olumpunga kusikisela ukuthi isikhumba "esigulayo" noma i-oidium, ngokulandelana.
Ama-fungicides nesisombululo se-Bordeaux liquid (1%) sizosebenza ngokumelene nezifo ze-fungal. Ukucubungula amahlathi kuqhutshwa lapho amahlumela efinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-20, ngaphambi kokuzimbali nokulandela.
Uma ulandela imiyalo enjalo, amagilebhisi akho ngeke athuthukiswe kuphela, kepha futhi eminyakeni engu-3-4 emva kokutshala kuzokhiqiza isitshalo esiqinile.
