Ngenkathi i-blizzard embi ibhekene nenhlanhla encane yamalungelo ayo, amafasitela asebenza ngabalimi kakade aseluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka namahlumela amancane.
Amahlumela amancane atholakala ekukhanyeni, izimbiza, inhlabathi, umquba. Ukukhethwa kwangaphambili. Kulesi sihloko, sizozama ukukutshela ngokumane futhi kunemininingwane eyanele mayelana nokuthi le nqubo yokukhetha iyini.
Uzofunda ukuthi unakekele kanjani utamatisi omncane emva kokukhetha, yiziphi izinkinga ongase uzihlangabezane nazo futhi, nakanjani, ukuthi ungazixazulula kanjani.
Kwenzekani kuma-saplings ngemuva kokudonsela phansi?
Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo futhi uqonde ukuthi hlobo luni lokunakekelwa kwezitshalo ezinjalo zidinga, ake sichaze lokho okukhethwa kukho?
Usizo. Ukutshala izithombo kusuka ezigodini ezivamile zibe izimbiza ezilodwa noma kusuka esitsheni encane kuya enkulu kuthiwa ukhethe.
Ngokusho balimi, ukudilika kuyasiza ekuthuthukiseni izimpande. Emva kwenqubo eyenziwe kahle, utamatisi uzizwa kahle, kodwa ugcizelelwe. Abanye babo endaweni entsha bangase bangabi nezimpande. Amahlumela anesimiso sezinto ezibuthakathaka, futhi ukukhetha kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela. Umonakalo omncane ezimpandeni uholela ekufeni komlingana omncane.
Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokukhetha ukutshala emhlabathini kufanele sisetshenziselwe ukuqinisa ingculazi yezithombo, ubanike amandla okukhula futhi enze izinyathelo zokuvimbela izifo zamasiko amantombazane.
Izimo ezikhulayo nokunakekelwa emva kokufakelwa kabusha
Masinyane emva kokufakelwa kabusha, izithombo zidinga ukunisela., ukuze inhlabathi ihlanganiswe ngokuzungezile ezimpandeni, futhi ususe izithombo endaweni emanzi enezithunzi ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu. Lesi yisikhathi sokutshala izilinganiso endaweni entsha.
I-iresiphi yokutshala izithombo zamatamatisi ukuhlonipha isimo sokushisa nokukhanya, ukuchelela okwesikhashana nokuwanele, ukudla nokuqina.
- Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kwezitshalo ezikhulayo kuyinto engu-16 - 18 ° C emini; ebusuku ebusuku 14 - 15 °
- Ukukhanyisa kungcono kakhulu nge-phytolamps, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi ezinamafu. Usuku olukhanyayo ezitshalweni kufanele lugcine amahora angu-12-14. Isibani kufanele sibe phezulu ekukhanyeni okufanako kwazo zonke izithombo. Ukuvimbela izithombo ukuba zikhishwe emini, kubalulekile ukuveza izinhlangothi ezahlukene zezithombo elangeni.
- Kutuswa ukuba ukondle izithombo kathathu:
- Isikhathi sokuqala asikho ngaphambi kweviki - amabili emva kokukhetha. Uma inhlabathi yayilungiswe ngokuzimela, khona-ke ifakwe umlotha. Uma izithombo zifakelwa emhlabathini owathengiwe owenziwe ngomumo, okokuqala uhlinzekwa ngawo wonke ama-microelements. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izithombo ziqala ukukhuphula amaqabunga, futhi zidinga ukondla okwengeziwe nge nitrogen ne-phosphorus (Superphosphate). Uma amahlumela ehlukaniswa, i-nitrogen kufanele ikhishwe.
- Ukondla okwesibili kwenziwa emavikini amabili kusukela kumanyolo wokuqala ophilayo (umquba, uhlambalaza, umkhuhlane wezinkukhu, umquba wezinkomo).
- Ukugqoka okwesithathu kwenziwa amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile noma ukushisa okushisa ngamaminerali omanyolo. Ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe nge-potassium, okufaka isandla ekwakheni ama-ovaries embali.
Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, ungakwazi ukuphuza izithombo hhayi ngamanzi ajwayelekile, kodwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-humate. I-isipuni esisodwa salo mshini ixubene nomncane wamanzi abilayo. Ubuningi buhlanjululwa ngamalitha amabili amanzi. Lokhu kugxila kungagcinwa isikhathi eside. Ukuphuza ukugxila kwe-100ml kuhlanjululwe kwelinye ilitha lamanzi, futhi lisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa okulodwa.
- Ukulimala kwezitshalo kwenziwa emva kokudla emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kokutshala phansi. Izithombo zibekwa kuqala eklaleni ngokwayo, lapho kupholile khona amazinga ambalwa. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa uvule amavents. Futhi esiteji sesithathu bayiphonsa emkhathini kuqala okokuqala amahora angu-2-3 bese kuthi usuku lonke.
Khona-ke ungabuka ividiyo ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani izithombo emva kokukhetha:
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Izinambuzane kanye nama-bacteria abangela izifo zikatamatisi, kungenzeka ukuthi sezivele zikhona enhlabathini, noma zithole izithombo ezivela kwezinye izitshalo zasendlini.
Kungani kuphele?
Ukuguquguquka
Kusukela ekuqoqeni izitshalo zokucindezeleka, ke amaqabunga aphelile kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa azothola ukuma kwawo kwangempela. Kuleli qophelo, zingathululelwa ngesisombululo esinamandla sokuhlambalaza futhi siphathwe nge-Epin amahlamvu.
Ukushisa okuphansi noma okuphezulu, ama-drafts
Utamatisi - isiko le-thermophilic. Ngakho-ke, kuzwela kakhulu izinguquko zokushisa. Ukushisa okuhle kunama-18 ° C phakathi nosuku kanye namazinga ambalwa aphansi ebusuku. Izithombo ziphela ngokuqondile eduze kwefasitela lefasitela, lapho lihlala ligcwele khona.
Utamatisi awunakubekezelelani ama-drafts, ngakho ngaphambi kokubeka izithombo efasiteleni, qinisa zonke izikhala emafreyimini. Uma amaqabunga abuna futhi aphephe, kuphakamisa ukuthi utamatisi uhlaselwa phansi. Izimpande, ezisekhawulweni elinganiselwe, azikwazi ukondla wonke amaqabunga ekushiseni. Futhi lapho kupholisa, izimpande azisatholi izakhi zomkhondo ezivela enhlabathini.
Inhlabathi engalingani
Uma amaqabunga ezithombo ayenze futhi aphuzi, futhi imifino ihlala eluhlaza, khona-ke lesi sitshalo asinaso i-nitrogen. Akunconywa ukuba ukondle nge-nitrogen eyodwa ukuze uvimbele isithombo sokuphuma ngaphandle. Ukudla kufanele kube uhla olugcwele lwamaminerali. Ukunciphisa amaminerali kuholela ekushweni kwempande nokubunjwa kwe-crust ebusweni bomhlabathi. Lokhu kuvimbela ukungena kwe-oxygen ezimpandeni. Kuyadingeka ukususa i-crust ekwakhiwe futhi uthele isisombululo se-humate.
Ukungabi noma ukukhanya okungaphezulu
Ekukhanyeni okuphansi, i-photosynthesis iyeka.. Lesi sitshalo sishaya futhi siphenduka. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlele izitshalo ukuze ukwandise ukufinyelela kwenzalo ngayinye yemini, futhi ukwengeza ukukhanya okungeziwe.
Ukukhanya okwedlulele kubangelwa ukuthi amaqabunga ashise, aphuzi futhi aphume. Ukufinyelela kwezakhi ezivela enhlabathini kwenzeka emnyama. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ulungise imodi yokukhanya.
Ukuphuza okungalungile
Izithombo ezikhulayo ezisezingeni eliphansi lokushisa eliphansi liholela ezifweni ezifana nokubola. Izithombo ezigulayo azikwazi ukulondolozwa. Amaqabunga aphuzi bese ewa, i-rots kanye nokuwa kwembewu. Udinga ukutshala ngokushesha izithombo ezinempilo enhlabathini entsha.. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, cubungula izimpande nge-potassium permanganate.
Igumbi elidliwayo elenziwe ngobumba liholela ekubundeni kwesitshalo.
Inhlabathi kufanele ihlale imanzi ngaphakathi, futhi ungqimba lwesimo kufanele sibe nesikhathi sokuma. Futhi kufanelekile ukuhlola ukuthi izimbobo zokugeleza zivinjiwe yini.
I-Fusarium
Uma inhlabathi ingazange ihlaselwe ngaphambi kokukhipha, imbangela yokutshala isithombo se-fusarium - isifo sefungal esihlasela isimiso sezinsiza zesitshalo.
Amaqabunga aphansi aphuzi, khona-ke yonke imbewu. Uma lesi sitshalo singekho ophuzi ngokuphelele, sishintshwa emhlabathini ongenqamukile.. Uma konke, khona-ke kuyasuswa ukuze kungenwa yizo zonke izithombo.
Kungani ungakhule?
I-dive engalungile
Lesi esinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu zokugunda izithombo zamatamatisi. Ukulimala ohlelweni lwesitshalo sesitshalo ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwesitshalo, ukuqothula izimpande noma ukugoba kwabo, kanye nokubonakala kwezingcingo zomoya ezungeze izimpande kuvimbela uhlelo lwempande ukuba lube nezimpande futhi lukhule endaweni entsha. Kunconywa ukuthi ukondle ukukhula.
Umhlabathi ongenakulungiswa
Inhlabathi enamandla i-acidic iholela ekumangaliseni. Izithombo kufanele zifakwe emhlabathini olinganiselayo. Ukungabi khona kwezinto ezinjalo njengensimbi kuphuza ukuthuthukiswa kwezithombo. Ukutshala nge-microelements kuyadingeka.
Izimo zokushisa
Ekuqaleni, ukushisa okuphansi kwenhlabathi akuvumeli ukuthola ukudla emhlabathini, okuholela ekuboshweni kokukhula.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Isibungu se-spider, sisakazwa kwezinye izitshalo zasendlini, sikwazi ukunciphisa ukukhula okusebenzayo kwezithombo. Ukuze ulwe, phatha isitshalo nge karbofos, aktellik kanye fitoverm.
Umsuka noma ukubola okukhulu kuzomisa ukukhula kwezithombo, uma lesi sitshalo singasetshenzisiwe ngesikhathi, sidonsa izimpande zezitshalo kwisisombululo sama-manganese.
Kunoma yiziphi izinkinga, izifo zika utamatisi, kanye nezinhloso zokuvimbela, sebenzisa isisombululo sokuhlanza amanzi.
Isizathu sini esiwelayo?
Ukukhanya okubi
Ukuntuleka kokukhanya ezimweni zokwanda okukhulu kwezithombo, kanye nokukhanyisa okungalingani (eceleni kolunye uhlangothi) kuzoholela ekutheni izitshalo zifuna ukukhanya, zizoqala ukwelula. Isiqu siba mncane futhi izithombo ziwela ngaphansi kwesisindo samaqabunga. Kudingekile ukuba uvuselele imodi yokukhanya futhi uhlele izitshalo.. Kungenzeka futhi ukufaka izikrini ze-foil phambi kwewindi.
Umhlaba ongalingani
Izitshalo ezigcwala i-nitrogen zinikeza ukukhula okuphezulu kweziqongweni, futhi zikhishwe ngamandla.
Izifo
Izifo ezivame ukwanda kwezitamatisi - umlenze omnyama. Isiqalo siqala ukuguqula omnyama, omncane, ukuwa kwezitshalo nokufa.
Ukunakwa! Lesi sifo siyashesha, sinamandla okubulala zonke izithombo ngesikhathi esifushane.
Izitshalo ezithintekile zisuswa ngokushesha. Inhlabathi ithuliswa ngekhambi elimpunga le-potassium permanganate, i-Fitosporin, i-Alirin. Ngemuva kwalokho, utamatisi awudingi ukuphuziswa isonto, inhlabathi kufanele isomile.
Njengoba ubona, ukulungiswa okuphelele kanye nokukhethwa okulungile okwenziwayo kuzokugcina amandla amaningi, izinzwa kanye nesikhathi esizayo futhi ujabule ekuqoqeni izithelo zomsebenzi wakho. Izinyathelo zokuzivikela kuzosiza ukugwema izifo nokufa kwezithombo. Qaphela izinto zembewu. Kuyinto izinga eliphezulu lembewu esiyisiqinisekiso sokuvuna okucebile!
