I-Indoor nightshade (Solanum) ingeyohlobo olukhulu lwezitshalo oluqhamuka emndenini osondelene, lapho kufakwa khona izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-1200. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izilimo zemifino ezaziwayo, isibonelo: utamatisi, amazambane. Futhi, ukuhlobisa - i-curly, i-jasmine, nengaphakathi - upelesi wamanga, upelepele.
Indoor nightshade noma i-solanum ikhula esimweni sezulu esifudumele, ezindaweni ezishisayo zokushisa. Ngenxa yalokhu imvelaphi yakhe. Izwe lakubo libhekwa njengezindawo ezishisayo nezindawo eziphansi zaseCentral and South America, South Asia.
Incazelo
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-nightshade zikhula njengotshani, izihlahla, izihlahlana.
Ingxenye eluhlaza yesiko incike endaweni yeziqu. Isihlahla singakha noma siqambe amanga futhi sikhamba.
Izimbali ezizodwa ziqoqwa ngezindlela ezihlukile: kubhulashi, i-whisk, i-whisk, isikali. Kepha okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lunamajikijolo. Ngaphezu kodumo njengesilimo, lesi sitshalo sidume ngezici zalo zokuhlobisa.
Izinhlobo zokutshala ngaphakathi
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-solanum ezilungele ukukhula endaweni yezithombo zokugcina amakhaya, ama-sill e-windows noma ama-greenhouse. Ziyahlukahluka ngezimbali, izithelo, usayizi wengxenye eluhlaza noma ubude bomvini:
| Izinhlobo | Isici |
| I-transverse yamanga (pseudocapsicum) | ISolanum pseudo-capicum iyi shrub enamahlumela afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1. Amaqabunga akhula emapheshana amafushane ananyathiselwe kuziqu ezingenalutho. Isimo sazo sise-lanceolate esinephuzu elikhombe ngaphezulu. Faka umbala ohlaza okotshani okukhazimulayo. Izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe azisebenzi. Ama-Berlin angu-1,1-1,8 cm ngosayizi abomvu ngokugqamile, yize ephuzi nawo etholakala. |
| Ipepper-emile | 60-100 cm ukuphakama. Amahlumela omthunzi onsundu onqenqemeni olulula. Amaqabunga angama-lanceolate noma awokufiphala, umbala ungwevu,-kufinyelela ku-7 cm ubude.Isayizi yezithelo ingama-1.5-2 cm. Amajikijolo anobuthi. |
| UJasmine | Isitshalo esihlala sikhona. Ungumvini obambekayo onamagatsha afinyelela kumamitha ayi-2. Amaqabunga anomumo ohlukile: aphansi naphakathi - kathathu, phezulu - kuya phezulu. Izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zimhlophe, zingamasentimitha ayi-1.5-2,0. Izimbali ngoMashi futhi ziyaqhubeka ziyaqhakaza kuze kube ngu-Okthoba-Novemba. Umbala wamajikijolo ubomvu we-coral, usayizi 1.5 cm. |
| Isikhulu | Shrub wamamitha ayi-6 ukuphakama namagatsha ambozwe ngameva athambile kalula. Izinhlobo zalezi zihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza, amaqabunga awo afinyelela ku-25 cm. Izimbali ezinemibala ehlukene, mhlophe, onsomi, ziblue, ziyavela ngoJulayi nango-Agasti, ubukhulu bude bufika ku-1.5 cm. Amajikijolo amancanyana, umbala ubububende obomvu, ngemuva kokuvuthwa ahlala esihlahleni kuze kube izinyanga eziningana. Ukuhlobisa kudalwa izimbali, amajikijolo abomvu akhanyayo nephunga elimnandi. |
| I-Siforta (yaseBrazil) | Umvini we-evergreen, unamamitha ayi-6 ubude. Amacembe akhula kube ngu-1,3 cm kuma-studs aqinile. Ukwakheka kwamaqabunga kungu-lanceolate noma i-ovoid ngegagasi elincane elizungeza umngcele. Izimbali zifana ne-asterisk ngesimo, umbala wazo uphuzi lilac. Njengoba izimbali zihlala izinyanga ezimbalwa ukusuka ngoMashi kuya kuNovemba, lesi sitshalo sisebenza njengomhlobiso omangalisayo wekamelo. |
| Curly | Elinye igama yi-nightshade yaseChile ngenxa yendawo evela kuyo. Lesi yisitshalo esikhuphukayo samamitha ayi-6. Amaqabunga anwebekile ngesimo, aze afike ku-12 cm ubude. Izimbali zincanyana 2,5 cm ngombala obunjwe ngenkanyezi ye-lilac. Ekwindla, amajikijolo aluhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi-orenji avela ezimbali. Ubukhulu bawo bincane - amasentimitha angama-0.6 kuphela. Ukuhlobisa kwesitshalo kuhlotshaniswa nobuhle bezimbali nezithelo nokuqhakaza kusuka phakathi nehlobo kuya ku-Okthoba. Izithelo zinobuthi. |
| I-Wendland | Le nightshade isetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa ngenxa yombala wazo oluhlaza ojikelezayo nonyaka. Ukuphakama - 6 m, kunamathela kusekela ngemikhumbi yayo emincane. Ihamba kuze kube ngu-10 cm ubude phezulu nama-25 cm ngaphansi maphakathi ihlumela. Ama-panicles e-flower cm angu-20 cm, aqoqwe kusuka kuzimbali ezinsomi ezomnyama, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe. Blooms isikhathi eside lonke ihlobo. |
| I-Rantonnetta | IShirub ifana nesihlahla. Amahlumela afinyelela ku-2 m, amaqabunga anwetshwa afinyelela ku-10 cm. Izimbali 2,5 cm ezimnyama okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi onsomi, zinendawo ekhanyayo nama-anther aphuzi ayi-5. Izithelo zibomvu ngesimo, zifana nenhliziyo. |
| I-Papillary | I-perennial, inesimo esiyingqayizivele samajikijolo ane-papillae ngendlela yokuphuma, umbala uphuzi. Ukuma kwamajikijolo kwasivumela ukuba sibize lolu hlobo lwe-nightshade - Izithelo zabesifazane noma zeNipple. Iziqu zikhulu, zinameva. Izimbali ziyinkanyezi enombala opinki-onsomi. Amajikijolo anobuthi, waxy, usayizi 3-7 cm. |
| Indian | Isigaxa esincane, amajikijolo abomvu avuthiwe, asesimweni esifana notamatisi amancane. Ngefomu elingavuthiwe, amajikijolo aqukethe ubuthi, yingakho igama lale nhlobo elithi "berry elinobuthi" lavela. |
| I-Pepino (ikhabe le-melon) | Kubhekiselwa kuzo izihlahlana ezingapheli zaphakade. Ubukhulu besihlahla bufika kumamitha ayi-1.5. Isiqu sibushelelezi. Amaqabunga angama-lanceolate, afana nopelepele. Inani eliyinhloko lesitshalo amajikijolo anamakha anambitheka ikhabe noma ikhukhamba. Izithelo zipendiwe ziphuzi ngokugqamile, zibushelelezi kakhulu ngenxa yokuqukethwe komswakama wama-92%, inyama iphuzi noma ayin umbala, ukunambitheka kuhle futhi kumuncu. |
| Mnyama (Solanum nigrum) | Ikhula ezindaweni ezingaseningizimu yezwe lethu njengotshani bonyaka. Yaziwa ngezithelo zayo ezimnandi ezimnyama, usayizi wamajikijolo amnyama. Izithelo ezingavuthiwe kanye namaqabunga anobuthi. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, amajikijolo angadliwa noma asetshenziswe njengokugcwalisa ophaya. |
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ukulondolozwa kwesitshalo ngendlela efanele kuyisihluthulelo sempilo yaso nobuhle baso. ISolanum ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuphezulu ekhaya. Kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho eminingana yezimbali ezinhle nezithelo eziningi.
Indawo / Isibani
USolanaceae weza kithina evela emazweni anelanga, ngakho ayakuthanda ukukhanya okuhle. Ngaphakathi, kuzoba kuhle kuma-windowsill asentshonalanga nasempumalanga. Ehlobo kubalulekile ukuthi ubayise kuvulandi, kodwa kufanelekile ukuvikela. Imisebe yelanga ekhanyayo iyingozi kuma-nightshade.
Kubalulekile ngasikhathi sinye ukufafaza lesi sitshalo ukuze singoma futhi siphuze amanzi izikhathi ezingama-1-2 ngosuku.
Ukushisa
Ehlobo, i-nightshade kufanele ikhule ngokushisa kwe-18- + 25 ° C, ekwindla, ebusika nasentwasahlobo kufanele igcinwe egumbini elipholile elinokushisa kuka +12 kuya ku-+ 15 ° C futhi ungakhohlwa ukupholisa umoya.
Umswakama / Ukunisela - itafula ngesizini
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi abakwaNightshade bathanda umswakama.
Ukomisa izitshalo kungaholela ekufeni kwabo.
Ukunisela okwesikhashana kungokulandelayo:
| Isikhathi | Ukunisela |
| Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Nsuku zonke, ekushiseni - amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku. Fafaza nsuku zonke. |
| Ubusika / ukuwa | Ukunisela kunqunyelwe, ibhodwe limi esikhwameni esinobumba olwandisiwe. Fafaza njalo. |
Ukomisa kwenhlabathi ngesikhathi sekwindla-nobusika-entwasahlobo akufanele kuvunyelwe.
Ngokuphuza okunganele, ukutheleleka kwe-solanum enegciwane kungenzeka.
Ukuvela kwezinguquko ezonakalisiwe zesitshalo, amaqabunga ayonakalisiwe, amapuleti amaqabunga ayahlakazeka, kuvela umbala wezithelo.
Imbiza, inhlabathi, izihlahla, ukufakelwa
Ebusika, imbiza ifakwa ungqimba (cm cm) wobumba olumanzi olunwebekile ukuze inikeze umswakama oludingekayo. Unyaka nonyaka kunconywa ukuthi uyishintshe kanye nenhlabathi. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuvikela ukumuncwa kwengxenye engezansi yezimpande.
Ekwindla, wonke amahlumela anqunywa ezitshalweni, lapho kwakungekho khona izimbali nezithelo.
Lezo ezizala ehlobo kumele zisuswe futhi zifakwe ezinye ezisencane. Ebusika, kubalulekile ukuhlanza amahlumela avelayo ngama-peduncle.
Kuyadingeka ukuthutha ngoFebhuwari. Isihlahla sikamama sinqunywa cishe ama-30%, bese kuthathwa isitsha esisha bese sitshaleka emhlabathini olungiselelwe lapho kwakufakwa khona i-peat, humus, umquba, isihlabathi ngaphambili.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze imbali endala ijabulise ngezimbali nangamajikijolo, kubalulekile ukuyifaka umquba kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile. Umanyolo ofanele ngumanyolo wamaminerali, okumele usetshenziswe kabili ngenyanga. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele uSolanum uzokujabulisa umnikazi ngezimbali ezinhle nezithelo ezimibalabala.
Ukuzala
Kungenziwa okusakazwa kusuka amajikijolo avuthiwe:
- Imbewu iyatholakala futhi igezwe kwikhambi le-potanganum permanganate. Ngemuva kwalokho ihlakazeka phezu kwenhlabathi, ifafazwe ngesendlalelo esondekile sesihlabathi bese sishiywe esitsheni ekushiseni kuka + 22 ° C.
- Emavikini la-2-2 ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo, aqala ukunisela amanzi njalo akhulule kancane.
- Izithombo ezikhulile zitshalwa ezimbizeni zezimbali.
Kusakazeka ukusikwa ngezinsika:
- Sika iziqongo zamahlumela noma izihlahla zokusika. Ukutshalwe esitsheni ngenhlanganisela ye-peat nesihlabathi 1 kuya ku-1 futhi kugcinwe kufudumele.
- Ukufakwa kumabhodwe kwenziwa ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande. Ingxube yezakhi ilungiselelwe kusuka esihlabathini nasemhlabeni, humus kanye Turf.
- Ungakhohlwa ukufaka izingcezu ukusikisela ukukhula.
Ubunzima ekuhambeni: izifo, izilokazane
- Ekushiseni nasentabeni, amaqabunga awela kakhulu.
- Ekamelweni elomile, ukutheleleka nge-whiteflies kanye nezimbuzane zesicabucabu kungenzeka.
- Kukhanya okuphansi, isilinganiso sokukhula sincipha, siqhakaza kancane, izithelo ezimbalwa.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyazisa: INightshade - umuthi noma ubuthi?
Ekwelashweni, kusetshenziswa zombili izithelo namaqabunga asondelene.
Isiza ngezifo zamaphaphu (i-bronchitis), umphimbo (i-tonsillitis), ukukhwehlela okukhwehlela. Inomphumela wokuthoba, wehlise imvuthuluka, futhi wehlisa umfutho wegazi.
Izici zokuphilisa zihlanganiswa namavithamini, ama-alkaloid, ama-pectin, ama-saponic acid ekwakhiweni. Ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle kukhokhele ekwelapheni amanxeba, amathumba, izilonda.
Ama-tinctures wezokwelapha
Ama-infusions alungiselelwe kusuka ku-nightshade enza kahle ngezibungu futhi abe nomphumela wokugaya. Umphumela wokwelapha ukufakwa kwezimbali zeSolanum uqukethe imiphumela ye-antorantum kanye ne-antirheumatic.
Iresiphi ilula: ithisipuni elilodwa lezimbali lithululelwa ngo-250 ml wamanzi abilayo, afakwa amahora ama-2. Ngemuva kwalokho ungaphuza isipuni esisodwa 4 k. ngosuku.
I-tinodese yeVodka: Ilungiselelwe kusuka kuzimbali. Amahlumela amasha ka-20 g athathwe, achotshoziwe futhi ahlanganiswa ne-200 ml ye-vodka. Faka amasonto ama-2 ngaphandle kokuthola ukukhanya, ngezikhathi ezithile kuzamazama. Ngemuva kwalokho i-tincture iyakhanywa, ithelwe bese ithatha amaconsi ayi-10-30. Dilitha lehla ku-50 ml wamanzi bese uthatha ekuseni, ekudleni kwasemini nakusihlwa. Isiza ngokuthambisa kwama-hemorrhoid kanye nezilonda.
Izinhlobo eziningi ezingavuthiwe zinobuthi.
Kwesinye isikhathi, umthamo omncane unele ukubangela ukuqunjelwa noma ukulimala okunobuthi emzimbeni wonke. Kwezinye izimo, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kosizo lwezokwelapha ngobuthi.
