Entwasahlobo ukuze uthole ingadi yezimbali ecebile ngamahlamvu ethenda, kufanelekile ukutshala ama-tulips ekwindla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngalokhu akudingekile ukuba uchwepheshe wezimbali, kwanele ukumane ucabangele imithetho ethile yokutshala nokunakekela izitshalo.
Ukufika kwangaphandle
Njengama-hyacinths, iminduze, ama-daffodils nezinye izitshalo eziningi ze-bulb, ama-tulips atshalwe ekwindla. Etshalwe ngalesi sikhathi, baba nohlobo lokuqina okubandayo, izimpande bese bajwayela imvelo yemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunamapharamitha alungile wokushisa, umswakama nokulimaza, okufanele kulandelwe lapho utshala. Umphumela uzoba ama-peduncle aphilile efomu elifanele ngama-buds amakhulu akhanyayo. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, khona-ke ukuqhakaza kwabo kuzoqala ekuqaleni, futhi kuzohlala isikhathi eside.
Ukukhetha imbewu nokulungiselela
Ungathola izinto zokutshala ngenye yezindlela eziningi:
- Bamba izimpande minyaka yonke lapho nje ama-tulips eqhakaza ngokuphelele. Lokhu kugwema ukujula kwabo nokugaya ngokweqile. Gcina izinga lokushisa lokugcina ama-tubers lingaphansi kwe- + 25ºº, okudingekayo ekwakhekeni komcibisholo wezimbali ogcwele.
- Thenga ezintsha. Kulokhu, udinga ukubheka ubuqotho babo, ukungabikho kokuthambekela okungekhona okwemvelo, ukubola nezinye izimpawu zesifo. Kufanele zimbozwe nge-husk brown, evikela imbewu ekulimaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwisitshalo esinempilo, esikhathini ngaphambi kokutshala, kuphela isiqu sesinde sibonakala kancane, futhi ingxenye yezimpande isomile, ilukhuni futhi ngaphandle kwezimpande ezikhulayo.
Kunoma ikuphi, kufanelekile ukutshala ama-bulbs wonke, futhi kungcono ukuthi abe nobukhulu obanele, cishe cm 3-5 cm. Amancane ngeke anikeze umbala, kanti ezinkulu zenzelwe ukulinyelwa okungekho kwesizini ekhaya.
Kubalulekile futhi ukubalungiselela ukutshala engadini yezimbali. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa isixazululo esingu-0,5% se-potassium permanganate noma isidakamizwa esikhethekile, njengeFitosporin, lapho kubekwa khona i-tuber isikhashana. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi udambise amagciwane angadala isifo esitshalweni, futhi awukhubaze magciwane ngangokunokwenzeka.
Isikhathi sokufika
Ngokwehlukana, kuyadingeka ukukhombisa isikhathi esifanele sokutshala ama-tulips. Akunakuba nokunemba lapha, ngoba kufanelekile ukubhekisisa izici eziningana ngasikhathi sinye:
- Izinga lokushisa lomoya akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-15ºº phakathi nosuku +5ºº nasebusuku, futhi ku-stratum yenhlabathi ecishe ibe ngu-10 cm ukujula - ungaweli ngaphansi kophawu luka- + 10ºº.
- Isimo sezulu siyashintsha. Kungcono ukutshala izitshalo kucatshangelwa amaqhwa angaba khona, ukuze okungenani abe nenyanga okungenani ezimpandeni.
- Kulokhu, isikhathi sokupholisa siyimpoqo ukuze izinto eziwusizo ekuthuthukiseni ziqale ukwakheka kuma-rhizomes. Izimo zezulu ezifanele kufanele zifake isandla ekugxilweni kwe-tulip, kepha ngasikhathi sinye sokungavumeli ukuthi ikhule ibe yiqhwa.
Futhi, isikhathi sokutshala kwe-tulip ngqo sincike kwisimo sezulu esifundeni:
- emzileni ophakathi nendawo, odlula ezingeni lesifunda saseMoscow, ungaqala kusuka ngoSepthemba 20-30;
- eningizimu nas esifundeni seVolga ngalokhu ungalinda kuze kube ngu-Okthoba;
- kwesifunda saseLeningrad kanye nama-Urals, imisebenzi yokutshala kufanele iqale ezinsukwini zokuqala zasekwindla;
- Isimo sezulu esibi saseSiberia sidinga ukufika phakathi no-Agasti.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele unake ukuhlukahluka kwesimo sezulu, bese umboza okutshale ngamahlamvu noma amagatsha esihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi, ukuvikela kusuka kusiqhwa. Amagama afanelekayo wokutshala ingadi ukukhetha ngokuya ngokushisa komoya esikhathini esithile.
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Indawo
Indawo yama-tulips ithinta kakhulu ukukhula kwawo. Ukukhetha indawo lapho befika khona, kufanelekile ukulandela le mithetho elandelayo:
- indawo enokhanyayo kahle, hhayi obopha umxhwele inomthelela ekubonakaleni kwama-peduncle efomu elifanele neziqu eziqinile nombala ogqamile;
- umoya ungasusa iziqu;
- ngokuzimela yenza umsele wamanzi ngaphansi kwe-rhizome, drainage ka-2-3 cm wesihlabathi ngaphansi kwawo.
Inketho enhle yokubeka imibhede kungaba uhlangothi oluseningizimu eduze kwesihlahla, indlu noma yisiphi isakhiwo esingeke sisifihle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanelekile ukukhetha abangane abalungile be-tulips, okungeke kudingeke ukuniselwa njalo. Ungathatha ezinye izitshalo ezinokubekezelela noma ezinesomiso esidonsa umswakama phansi, njenge-alyssum noma i-paniculata swish.
Uma uthatha lo magazini ngokungathi sína, ungaqala ukulungiselela uhlelo oluncane lwendawo yengadi yezimbali ezayo. Lokhu kuzovumela minyaka yonke ukuguqula ukwakheka komhlaba wabo futhi kuguqule ukubukeka kwawo.
Inhlabathi
Ama-Tulips ayizitshalo ezingenasici kakhulu ezidinga indawo engathathi hlangothi noma ene-alkaline impela ukukhula okuvamile. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kufanele kukhululeke futhi kuvunyelwe.
Ngakho-ke, amathiphu wokwenza ngcono inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala:
- i-alumina isinda kakhulu, ngakho-ke ihlanganiswe nesihlabathi, nayo ekhishwa umswakama owedlulele kusuka ngaphansi kwezimpande;
- ukwanda kwe-acidity kukhombisa isidingo sokuyizalanisa nge-chalk noma nge-lime eshisiwe, ama-0,2,5,5 kg nge-1 m2;
- engeza umanyolo wenhlabathi nge-humus ethosiwe, umlotha nezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezikhethekile;
- bamba ngokucophelela ingadi yezimbali ifinyelele ku-25-30 cm ngenyanga ngaphambi kokutshala;
- Ngokuqondile lapho ufika, nisela imithombo kuphela uma isimo sezulu sesomile, uma kungenjalo, ukuthambisa kungakhethwa.
Ukugcwalisa inkundla yomhlaba kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zimali ezilandelayo nge-1 m2 yenhlabathi:
- njengomthombo we-potassium ne-phosphorus - umlotha wezinkuni, cishe 100-150 g;
- Amabhakede ama-2 womquba obolile noma womquba iminyaka engama-2-3;
- I-40-50 g ye-superphosphate;
- 20-30 g we-potassium sulfate;
- 25 g we-ammonium nitrate.
Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo okwelapha, afana neFundazole, ngokumelene namagciwane okukhunta aphatha umhlaba ungaphezi kanye eminyakeni eyi-3-4.
Kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokutshala noma ukunakekela ukhipha izimbali, kufanele uyeke ukusebenzisa umanyolo noma umanyolo oqukethe i-chlorine, ongashisa umgogodla.
Izindlela zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile
Lapho ubeka ama-tulips, ungawatshala umucu eduze kwamathrekhi, kwisiyingi noma ngo-semicircle, ngendlela yanoma yimuphi omunye umfanekiso. Kepha nazi izimiso eziyisisekelo ezimbalwa okufanele siqhubeke ngazo lapho sakha ingadi yezimbali:
- Inhlangano yemibhede yezimbali egcwele ngokuphelele. Ukufakelwa komhlaba kwenzeka ngqo emseleni womhlaba, owake wenziwa ngaphansi kokulungiswa okukhethekile nokutshala.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwesitsha, obhasikidi noma ibhokisi ngefomu elikhulu noma okumbiwe emhlabathini omnyama. Lokhu kwenza lula inqubo yokukhula nokudala izimo ezifanele zalokhu. Ukuvikelwa ezinambuzaneni, kwenza ukumba kuhlupheke kokwehlisayo kwe-anyanisi.
- Ukutshala i-Longline indawo yabo ngamazinga ahlukile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kulula ukusebenzisa ishubhu noma imbiza enkulu bese uqala ukusebenza ngama-rhizomes amakhulu kakhulu, abekwe cishe phansi, abekwe ngokulandelana okunciphayo.
Isikimu sokutshala: ukujula, ibanga phakathi kwama-bulbs
Uhlelo lokutshala ama-tulips luhilela ukwakheka kwezintambo noma izimbobo ngendlela yokuthi izitshalo zisebangeni eli-8-10 cm ukusuka kwelinye futhi azikho eduze kwama-25 cm kusuka kwezinye izinto. isihlabathi, futhi ngaphambili kwasuswa i-chernozem.
Angeke acindezelwe kakhulu enhlabathini, kepha udinga ukubeka phansi ezansi, lapho impande izokhula khona.
Ukujula kokutshala kwe-tulip kuya ngqo ngokuhlukahluka kwawo nobubanzi b anyanisi, futhi kufanele kube kathathu ubukhulu bawo.
Ngokwesilinganiso, le yimingcele elandelayo:
- izingane ezifika ku-3 cm zitholakala okungenani ekujuleni kuka-5-10 cm, ngokuvamile azinamandla futhi zinikeza umbala omncane, ngenxa yalokho zikhula kangcono emaphethelweni embhede wezimbali;
- eziphakathi zihamba kusuka ku-10-15 cm futhi zizihlahla ezinhle kakhulu zezimbali ezinhle;
- ama-bulbs amakhulu akwezinye izinhlobo, kusuka ku-5 cm ngosayizi, atshaliwe kusuka ku-15 cm, njengoba emude, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka isikhala esithe xaxa.
Lezi zisetshenziselwa futhi i-distillation ezimweni zamakamelo, ngokusheshisa ukukhula kwabo ngombala osheshayo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole idili elihle loNyaka oMusha noma amaholide entwasahlobo okuqala.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo
Ukutshala ama-tulips kuqala ngokutshala kwawo emhlabathini ovulekile. Lo msebenzi wona ungahlukaniswa izigaba ezilandelayo:
- Khetha indawo yengadi yezimbali, inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala, uyimbe ngokucophelela bese uyifaka umanyolo, ususe ukhula ngasikhathi sinye.
- Isimo sezulu esomile, nisela imibhede yezimbali izinsuku eziningana ukuthola ukulingana kwemvelo kuzo.
- Usuku lokukhetha ilanga futhi lizolile, ucabangele isimo sezulu nezincomo lapho kufanelekile ukutshala ama.
- Khetha u-anyanisi onempilo bese uwuthambisa imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengu-40 kwisisombululo se-potanganum permanganate.
- Susa inhlabathi engaphezulu bese wenza izimbobo noma imisele.
- Uma kungekho imvula, yomisa inhlabathi ngenani elincane lamanzi.
- Uma kunesidingo, uthele isihlabathi esincane, umlotha, umcako ngaphansi komgodi.
- Faka ama bulabhu ezansi ngaphandle kokuwacindezela.
- Gcwalisa inhlabathi emnyama evulekile kusuka phezulu bese ubusheleleza ubuso nge-rake.
- Maka indawo yokutshala ngezinti, ungayigcwalisa ngamaqabunga owomile noma ubambe ubusika.
- Esimweni sezulu esomile, ukuthambisa kuyadingeka isonto ngemuva kokutshala.
- Ukuze ukhule izitshalo ezinempilo ezinempilo, udinga ukugoqa ingadi yezimbali ngotshalo lwendwangu, i-cinquefoil noma utshani obomile uma kwenzeka kuneqhwa.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyazisa: Amaphutha wokufakelwa, ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani kuma-rodents?
Lapho utshala ama-tulips, wonke umuntu angahlangana namaphutha athile ekunakekeleni lezi zitshalo ezintekenteke endle.
Phakathi kwezinto ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:
- ukutshala sekwephuzile kwe-anyanisi kubenza babe sengozini yokuqhathaniswa nesithwathwa sokuqala, ama-rhizomes awanaso isikhathi sokwakha futhi athole isisekelo;
- uma kutshalwe kusesekuseni kakhulu, ihlumela elikhonkotha liyofa kumakhaza noma livaleke ukhula entwasahlobo;
- ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kubenza babe buhlungu, bancane futhi babuthuntu, akunandaba ukuthi kungukuthi kungamaDashi, peony, terry, noma olunye uhlobo lwezinhlobonhlobo;
- ukusetshenziswa kwama-rhizomes awonakele, athelelekile athela izitshalo ezinempilo;
- ukujula okungafanele kwezimbobo kucasule ukuqandula kwabo noma ukulala isikhathi eside ngokubuyiselwa emuva kokukhula.
I-anyanisi ingagcinwa kunoma yiziphi izimo, kepha ngokuphepha okuphelele kufanelekile ukubhekisisa ukuthi zingaba ukwelashwa kwamagundane namagundane.
Uma izimbadlana ezimbalwa zokulala zingavikeleka emzameni, bese zitshalwe emhlabathini, ziba sengozini.
Ukugwema ukulimala kwamagundane, kuthathwa izinyathelo eziningana:
- ama-tulips azungezwe ama-daffodils, i-hazel grouse, izimpande ezimnyama nezinye izitshalo ezixosha amagundane;
- phatha izinto zokutshala uphalafini, upelepele obomvu womhlabathi;
- sebenzisa obhasikidi wokutshala, unciphise ukufinyelela kuma-rhizomes;
- kusetshenziswa ezinye izindlela zokulawula izinambuzane.
Uma konke kwenziwa kahle emazingeni okuqala, lapho utshala ama-tulips, khona-ke ungathola amahlumela amahle amahle, njengezithombe ezinhle kakhulu komagazini obukhazimulayo.
