Anyanisi akwazi ukuphulukisa hhayi umzimba womuntu kuphela, kodwa futhi imibhede lapho itshalwe khona. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi abalimi bathanda ukukhula kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo namhlanje sizokhuluma ngendlela yokutshala u-anyanisi kusuka kumbewu.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokutshala anyanisi kusuka enzalweni?
Izakhamuzi eziningi zasehlobo nezakhamuzi zijwayele ukusebenzisa izitshalo ze-anyanisi zokutshala, ngoba ukuvunwa kuzo kuhle kakhulu, futhi akudingeki ukuba uzikhathaze izithombo. Nokho, imbewu yokutshala nge anyanisi inezinzuzo eziningi:
- Ukusetshenziswa Sevka Ngokuvame ukuholela eqinisweni lokuthi abalimi ngabanye izinambuzane zezitshalo ezahlukene zilethwa emibhedeni yazo, kanye nezinambuzane. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kunconywa ukuba uhlwithe izithombo ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate ngaphambi kokutshala; noma kunjalo, akukwazi ukubulala zonke izinambuzane ezingase zibekwe ngaphakathi. Ngokuqondene nembewu, ukungcola kwabo kuhlinzeka ngamaphesenti angamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye wokulahla izinambuzane.
- Kanye ne-sevke, imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo eziningi anyanisi ikuvumela ukuba uthole izimpande zensiza ngesikhathi esisodwa nje. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-anyanisi atholakale ahlukaniswa ngunambitheka ophansi futhi okhethekile.
- Uma unezithombo zakho siqu, ungaqiniseka ngokuthi uthola isivuno esihle. Iqiniso yilokho i-turnip kaningi ikhona ngaphakathi kokungabi nalutho ngenxa yokuthi angeke azalwe kabusha anyanisi ogcwele.
- Kukhona anyanisi amnandi, okungenakwenzeka ukukhula kusuka ku-sevka. Iqiniso yilokho U-anyanisi omnandi unesakhiwo esincane kakhulu, kunokuba kujwayelekile, futhi kufushane kakhulu emashalofini - izinyanga ezingu-3-4 kuphela. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi angeke isindiswe kuze kube sekutshalwe okulandelayo, kanti kuphela imbewu okufanele isetshenziswe.
Indlela yokukhetha anyanisi ekukhuleni: yiziphi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ongakhetha kuzo
Ukutshala u-anyanisi nendlela ongayenza ngendlela efanele kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethiwe, ngoba yizinhlobonhlobo ezithinta indlela yokulima, kanye nesikhathi esithathayo sokwengeza imbewu emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, zonke izinhlobo ezingu-60 ze-anyanisi zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- ENingizimu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithandwa kakhulu, zidinga amahora angu-17 emini, ngaphandle kwalokho izinga lezitshalo lizokwehla. Lolu hlobo lwe-anyanisi lubandakanya okuthiwa izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo, ezinomphelo omfushane wefulethi. Kungcono kakhulu ukukhula ngembewu.
- North. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu anyanisi, ezikhulayo ikakhulukazi ezivela izithombo, futhi ezidinga amahora angaphansi kwamahora omusi. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zigcinwe kahle, yingakho kunzima ukuthola nokugcina izithombo kuzo.
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zokuzalanisa ezifuywayo ezikhulayo ezivela emanzini zifanelekile:
- UDanilovsky 301;
- Myachkovsky 300;
- Strigunovsky;
- Unyaka owodwa we-Chavsky;
- Unyaka waseSiberia;
- Odintsovo;
- Pink ekuseni;
- Zolotnik.
Kubalulekile! Izinhlobo ezingapheli akufanele zisetshenziselwe ukutshalwa yonyaka, ngoba lapho kutshalwa khona ama-bulb ngokuvamile atholakala njengalapho ekhubazekile.
Lapho ukuhlwanyela izithombo ze-anyanisi
Impendulo yombuzo wesikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-anyanisi incike endleleni yokutshala u-anyanisi enezimbewu, okuyisithathu kuphela:
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo enhlabathini evulekile ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi iqala ukunyuka eqhweni. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu inesikhathi esanele sokukhula ibe yizinhloko ze-anyanisi egcwele kakade ngokuwa konyaka wamanje.
- By izithombo ezikhulayo. Le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi, ngoba imbewu iyahlwanyiswa futhi ihlume ngaphambi kwezithombo ekhaya. Ukuqala lo msebenzi kufanele kube ngoFebhuwari, okuzovumela ukutshala kwe-anyanisi owodwa emhlabathini ovulekile ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
- Ukuhlwanyela ngaphansi kwebusika. Kulesi simo, imbewu ye-anyanisi ihlwanyelwe enhlabathini ekwindla, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi umhlaba usuvele usubuncane. Kodwa-ke, ngezimo zezulu ezingaguquki, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola isivuno emzalweni ohlwanyelwe ekwindla. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngisho ne-thaw encane ingashukumisa ukuhluma kwembewu, eyofa lapho iqhwa elilandelayo lenzekile futhi ngeke likwazi ukukunika isivuno entwasahlobo.
Uyazi? Izinhlobonhlobo zama-bulb zingaba nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kakhulu ukuthi ngezindlela eziningi kuxhomeke ebangeni, indlela yokulima, inhlabathi nezimo ezihle. Ukurekhoda kwe-bulb isisindo esingu-8.49 kg, futhi sikhule eBrithani.
Indlela yokulungisa imbewu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela
Ukutshala anyanisi ekhanda kuqala ngokulungiselela imbewu. Okokuqala, kufanele ihlolwe ukuhluma, okubalulekile ukwenza enye inyanga ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Kulokhu, imbewu engu-15-20 kuphela ethathwe emphakathini, ehlanganiswe ngendwangu ebomvu futhi ishiya endaweni efudumele yamaviki amabili. Ngokusho komphumela, kuzokwazi ukubikezela isivuno sakho se-anyanisi esizayo.
Kodwa-ke, ngisho noma imbewu ibonisa ukudubula okuhle, kudingeka futhi ilashwe izifo ze-fungal. Ukwenza lokhu, zonke izinhlamvu zichithelwa esikhwameni sendwangu futhi zigalelwe imizuzu engu-15 emanzini abilayo, bese kuthi omunye umzuzu owodwa emanzini abandayo. Esikhwameni esifanayo noma ngendwangu yembatho, imbewu kufanele igcinwe ngelinye ilanga ekushiseni okugumbini, njalo iyanamanzi ngamanzi.
Ukukhipha noma ukukhipha kanjani u-anyanisi: uhlelo lokufika
Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, imbewu ye-anyanisi ifakwa emikhawulweni, phakathi kokufanelekile ukugcina ibanga lika-5 cm. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukuba ubuyeke u-10 cm emaphethelweni ombhede. Imbewu ingcwatshwa ekujuleni kwe-2 cm.
Kubalulekile! Ngokusho kohlelo oluchazwe, kunconywa ukuthi uhlwanyele imifula emithathu kuphela, lapho kudingeka khona ukubuyela emuva ku-15 cm, ngemuva kwalokho kungenzeka ukuphinda iminye iminye emithathu emaphethini afanayo.
Imbewu emithanjeni kufanele ifakwe kude kubanga 1-1.5 cm komunye nomunye. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, zimbozwe ngenhlabathi, okumele ihlulwe kancane futhi iphuze kahle. Umbhede ophezulu ugcwele i-polyethylene, okuzosiza ekuhlumeni imbewu. Uma kuhluma, kufanele ususe ama-cotyledons, avela ngesimo sezimpande, futhi angaboni, njengoba esafa.
Uyazi?Anyanisi yiwo imifino evamile kakhulu emhlabeni wonke.
Lapho izithombo zikhula, kufanele zenziwe kancane. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela yokuthi kune-2 cm phakathi kwezitshalo. Ngendlela efanayo, kunconywa ukutshala izithombo ezakhula ekhaya.
Ngidinga ukunakekelwa anyanisi, futhi kubonakala kanjani
Indlela yokutshala u-anyanisi kusuka enzalweni ngaphandle kokunakekelwa? Yiqiniso, kunakekelwa okukhethekile emnsaleni, nakuba kudinga kancane kakhulu. Ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko kwe-anyanisi kubonakala ezinkomba ezintathu eziyinhloko.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela izithombo ze-anyanisi esikhathini esiqala kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni kungenziwa kanye kanye ngesonto kuphela, uma isimo sezulu sinomile kakhulu - ungathatha izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto. Emitha elilodwa lemibhede, kubalulekile ukuthululela kufike ku-10 amalitha amanzi. Kodwa umswakama owedlule ngoJulayi ungalimaza ama-bulb, okuyinto phakathi nalesi sikhathi eqala ukubunjwa kwawo, ngakho-ke ukuchelela kufanele kume. Ukuphela kokuphela kuyoba yihlobo elishisayo kakhulu, lapho usadingeka uthwale izingxenye ezincane zobuningi emibhedeni ngezitshalo, ngenkathi uzama ukulimaza izimpaphe ze-anyanisi eluhlaza.
Ukususwa kokhula kusuka emibhedeni
Imibhede yokhula ne-anyanisi kufanele ibe njalo, ngoba uma ususa ukhula olukhulu, ungakwazi ukukhipha noma ukulimaza ama-bulb ngokwabo. Ukuthi ukhula lukhishwe kalula, imibhede ingaphakanyiswa ngaphambili. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma ususa ukhula, ukukhululeka kwenhlabathi kufanele kube yingxenye, ngoba ukukhululeka okujulile kungalimaza ama-bulb, ikakhulukazi ezinyathelweni zokukhula.
Ukulwa nezifo nezinambuzane
Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane eziphumelela kakhulu ukuqinisa isitshalo ngokwaso ngokusebenzisa izithako ezengeziwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa isisombululo se-urea, i-spoon ehlanjululwe ebhakedeni lamanzi. Lesi sixazululo singasetshenziswa ukuphuza imibhede esikhundleni samanzi, kuyilapho sidla cishe amalitha angu-4 esondlo ngemitha yemibhede.
Nini ukuqala ukuvuna nokuthi ungalungisa kanjani anyanisi esitoreji
Ukuvunwa anyanisi kuyoba yilapho kuqala engadini, ngaphandle kokuthi, uma ubala amajikijolo nemifino. Iqiniso lokuthi i-anyanisi yonyaka yisikhathi sokuqoqa, uzotshela izimpaphe eziphelile neziphuzi. Ngokuvamile le nkathi iwela emavikini wokugcina kaJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.
Kubalulekile! Ngisho noma emasontweni okuqala ka-Agasti izimpaphe ze-anyanisi zihlala ziluhlaza, kusadingeka ukuba ziqoqe kusukela ensimini bese zisabalalisa ngaphansi kombhoshongo ukuze zomile. Uma ushiya u-anyanisi emhlabathini isikhathi eside, ungadala kabusha.
Zonke izimpaphe ezomile kufanele zisuswe ngokuphelele ku-anyanisi omisiwe, futhi ama-bulb kufanele ayenziwe ngokungeziwe eduze nemishini yokushisa. Ukuphathwa okulula kuzokusiza ugcine isivuno isikhathi eside ebusika, futhi usivikele ekuthuthukisweni kokubola kanye ne-powdery isikhutha.
Ama-anyanisi omisiwe ahlelwe kahle: ama-amancane akhethiwe ukuhlwanyela imbewu encane, kuyilapho ezinkulu zihanjiswa emabhokisini noma izikhwama zangasese zokugcina. Kunconywa ukuthi ugcine anyanisi endaweni emnyama ngokushisa esifundeni se-18 ° ะก. Ama-anyanisi ajwayelekile kufanele ashintshwe ukuze anqume amakhanda ahlume futhi aphethwe adinga ukususwa ngokushesha. Uma yonke le mithetho igcinwa, u-anyanisi ungagcinwa kuze kube yisikhathi esisha, kodwa kufanelekile ukuqonda ukuthi lesi sici sincike ngokuqondile ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenzisiwe.
