Ekhuluma ngezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-cherry, kubalulekile ukushayela uhlobo lwe-Iput. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kuqinisekisiwe ukusinika izithelo ezimnandi, ezihlwabusayo. Sinikeza abafundi abanentshisekelo ukuba bacabangele lezi zihlukahlukene ngemininingwane eminingi.
Iput I-sweet cherry ehlukahlukene ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zasebusika-eziqinile, ezinamandla ze-skoroplodny ezivunwayo ezivuthiwe kanye nezithelo zakuqala zokuvuthwa. Umuthi we-cherry ukhula kuze kube ukuphakama okuphakathi, unezithelo ezinkulu. Kungenxa yezinhlobo ezithile zokuzimela.
Ngaphezu kokunambitheka okukhulu, i-cherry enhle ibonakala ngokubunjwa okuwusizo nokuhluka. Izithelo zika Cherry zinamavithamini namaminerali athile: i-glucose, iodini, i-calcium, insimbi, i-potassium, amavithamini A, C, B1, B2, PP. I-E, iqukethe ne-ascorbic acid kanye nezinto eziqukethe i-pectin.
Ama-cherries anconywa ukuba asebenzise nge-anemia, ingcindezi ephakeme.
Incazelo
Izithelo
Izinhlobonhlobo "Iput" zisithokozisa ngezithelo zobukhulu obujwayelekile, cishe amagremu angu-5.3 wesisindo esisodwa se-cherry, kepha singafinyelela ngesisindo kanye no-9.7 amagremu. Ifomu efana nenhliziyo encane yomngcele omncane, phezulu ahambisana nephashazi elimhlophe.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngezinhlobo ezinomsoco kunazo zonke ze-cherry enhle.
Umbala i-cherry ibomvu emnyama, kodwa uma ikhula ngokugcwele, umbala wayo ushintsha, kuba mnyama. I-pulp of average isilinganiso, ijusi cherry - obomvu obomvu.
I-sweet cherry inesiqu esifushane nesinyene. I-bone shape ifana neqanda, elibomvu elikhanyayo ngombala, ngesisekelo esiyindilinga kanye nesikhumba esicacile, sinamathele kancane ku-pulp. Izithelo ezinomnandi, ezihlwabusayo, ezithandekayo futhi ezinhle kakhulu ze-cherry enhle zivela kalula.
Uma kuvula njalo ehlobo, ikhasi le-cherry lincipha kancane. Zisetshenziselwa ukwenza ijusi, i-compotes, iziphuzo zezithelo, isetshenziswe.
Isihlahla
Isihlahla se-Iput sikhula ngobukhulu obuphakathi, sinomqhele obanzi kakhulu we-pyramidal kanye nomqabunga kakhulu. Amaqabunga amnandi kakhulu, ama-vegetative okwenziwe nge-vegetative, ovoid, okukhiqizayo.
Amahlamvu elide isikhathi eside, umbala oqanda amaqanda, omkhulu, omnyama obumnyama. Ingqikithi yeli pheshana likhonjiswe ngesisekelo esiyindilinga. Ipuleti enamagatsha ayi-concave encane, i-wavy, engenakho ukuyeka.
I-scape encane yobude obuphakathi, ngezinye izikhathi ezimfushane, inezinhlayiya ezimbili ezinemibala emikhulu. Ama-inflorescences amhlophe aphezulu, anemibala engu-3 noma engu-4, umgqomo ufana nomsizi, amacembe athintana. Inhlamba ye-pistil isesimweni esifanayo ne-stamens. I-sepals ayinawo ama-serrations, i-pistil ne-stamens yinde.
Ngaphakathi fruiting I-cherry enhle isuka eminyakeni engu-4-5 ngemva kokutshala. Izihlahla ezivuthiwe ngokunakekelwa kahle kanye nokudala izimo ezikhululekayo zinika isivuno esihle kakhulu, kanti lezi zingithelo ezingu-50 ezivela emthini owodwa. Izinhlobonhlobo "Iput" zinesici esincane: ama-cherry ayo athula ezinhlokweni ezincane, ngakho-ke kulula ukuwakhetha.
Amahlumela
Amahlumela eCherry akhula masinyane, ngakho-ke kufanele adutshwe njalo ngonyaka, ngaleyo ndlela ayenze umqhele womuthi. Amahlumela asusiwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuphuka kwephuza.
Ngokukhula okujulile nangaphambi kokuvela kwezivuno zokuqala, amahlumela wonyaka ancishiswe izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi nesigamu ubude bokuqala. Isihlahla esingaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu sinciphile kancane, kuphela lawo magatsha angena ngaphakathi komqhele asuswa.
Izintandokazi
- Izivuno eziqinile neziphezulu zamajikijolo.
- I-pulp ye-sweet cherry inomdlandla.
- Qala ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi.
-Ingxenye "Yenza" imelane nezifo ze-fungal.
-Ibekezelela isikhathi sebusika.
Ukungalungi
-Ubuhle obuningi (buqala ukusijabulisa ngamajikijolo kuphela iminyaka emihlanu).
- Akusiyo njalo ithambo elihle lihlukaniswe no-pulp.
- Kusuka emanzini angaphezu kwamanzi angama-cherry angaqhekeka.
Ukufika
Ukutshala izinhlobo ze-cherry "Iput" - lokhu kuyinkqubo enesibopho futhi esidla isikhathi, ngoba kubalulekile ukucabangela imithetho futhi wazi zonke izinhlobo ze-nuances, ezihlanganisa ezincane, lapho zihlwanyela. Ngenxa yokuthi indlela yokutshala ngokucophelela yayilungisiwe, kuncike ekutheni umuthi uzokhula kanjani futhi uthuthuke.
Engadini, kunconywa ukutshala, ngaphezu kwama-cherries e-Iput, eziningana zezinhlobo zawo, okwamanje eziqhakaza nalezi ezihlukahlukene. I-Cherry impova ibhekwa njenge-pollinator enhle kakhulu kubo.
Ama Cherries angcono atshalwe ezindaweni ezishisayo, enhlabathini evundile kakhulu. Kodwa ayihambisani nenhlabathi yobumba, ama-sandstone ajulile, kuyadingeka ukutshala izihlahla ezindaweni ezingenamoya.
Isikhathi
Spring noma ekwindla? Kungcono nini ukutshala i-cherries ye-Iput? Kuyaqinisekile udinga ukutshala izihlahla ngesikhathi sokulala, ukugcina ukucindezeleka. Imigomo yokutshala ama cherry namanje incike esifundeni lapho izokhula khona, isibonelo, eningizimu noma enyakatho.
Ezindaweni lapho isimo sezulu esifudumele, izithombo zingakwazi umhlaba kabili ngonyaka. Imithi yase-autumn nemifula yasentwasahlobo ihluma kahle kakhulu. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ekwindla yisikhathi esihle sokutshala ama cherry. Izihlahla ziyamukelwa kalula futhi zisinde ebusika, futhi lapho kufika entwasahlobo ziqala ukukhula ngokushesha.
Ukutshala entwasahlobo akunconywa, ngoba ngenxa yokushisa okuqinile, izimpande asinaso isikhathi sokuthi "zithande izimpande", futhi zingabhekana nokuntuleka kwamanzi, ukushisa kwelanga. Futhi ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, ama-cherry e-Iutut atshalwe entwasahlobo, ngoba ekwindla izihlahla ngeke zithole isikhathi sokuqala masinyane futhi zingakwazi ukugwinya.
Umhlaba
Ukutshala kwe-cherries ye-Iput, kubalulekile ukukhetha isakhiwo ngensimbi evundile, evulekile, kanye nenhlabathi elula kalula umoya nomswakama. Ihlabathi elungile loamy nelhlabathi elihle.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bacebisa kakhulu ukuthi bangahlwanyeli izihlahla kwizinsipho ezinkulu ze-helminthic, ze-peaty noma zesihlabathi. Izihlahla ze-Cherry azitshalwe lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ephezulu, ngoba angeke akhule emhlabathini, ngamanzi aphelile.
Ukunakekela
Ukunisela
Lapha, kubonakala sengathi i-cherry enhle ibhekwa njengesitshalo esinomswakama, kepha ngesikhathi esifanayo ayibekezelelani amanzi anomhlabathi emhlabathini. Ukugwema izinkinga, udinga okuhle amanzi emhlabathini. Emasimini amakhulu asebentisa ukuchelela, kubhekwa ukuthi kuphumelela kakhulu.
Iningi lazo zonke i-cherries zidinga ukuchelela ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlumela kanye nama cherry okuvuthwa. Yena amanzi kathathu. Isikhathi sokuqala adinga ukuphuza ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, ngokushesha nje lapho ama-cherry ehluma. Ukuchelela kwesibili kwenzeka maphakathi noJuni, kanti okwesithathu, okugcina, ngoJulayi, kodwa ngesimo ukuthi liyashisa ehlobo. Umswakama owedlula kakhulu uthinta izithelo, zingaqala ukuphahlazeka.
Ebusika I-Cherry kumele iphuze ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba ukuze inhlabathi ingagcina yonke umswakama ophilisa impilo. Ngemuva kokunisela, qiniseka ukuthi uxoqa umhlaba emibuthanweni ye-pristvolnyh. Ngakho amanzi aphuza kancane.
Umquba
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Iput ze-cherry zibhekwa njengesihlahla esikhulayo esheshayo nesheshayo esidinga ukugqoka izimpande. Ukondla uhlelo lwempande kwenziwa ngezinyathelo ezintathu. Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwe-urea ne-potassium sulfate kule nkimbinkimbi, kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala kokuqhakaza kwemifino.
Isikhathi sesibili abondla izihlahla, ngokushesha uma i-cherry ikhula, imifino ekhethekile isetshenziselwa izitshalo ze-berry kanye ne-organic is added it. Okulandelayo, kwesithathu, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezimpande kwenziwa emva kokuvuna. I-Superphosphate, i-potassium sulfate ihlakazekile ezungeze isitshalo, khona-ke umhlabathi uyanisela.
Umgodi ozungeze i-cherry uhlale ukhula futhi ukhululiwe emva kwemvula noma ukuchelela, ukhula lususwa.
Akunakwenzeka ukutshala i-cherry elimnandi ngomquba, ngoba kunokwenzeka ukukhanda kwesihlahla ngesikhathi sasebusika kanti inani lezithelo ezifihlekile liyancipha.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi njalo eminyakeni engu-3-4 lapho kugubha, umanyolo osebenzayo usetshenziswa, ama-nitrogen fertilizer asetshenziswe izikhathi ezintathu ngonyaka, i-potash ne-phosphate fertilizer - njalo ekwindla lapho isayithi limba. Njalo iminyaka emi-5 kuya ku-6 kuyadingeka ukwehlisa umhlabathi. Kodwa umanyolo we-liming ne-nitrogen awukwazi ukuhlanganiswa, kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwe-nitrogen.
Ebusika
I-cherries e-Iput ehlukahlukene iwuhlobo lwezinhlobo zasebusika-eziqinile, kodwa kufanele usuqaphele ukuvikelwa kwayo kusuka efrijini. Ukuze izihlahla zisithokozise ngezithelo ngonyaka ozayo, izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziyathathwa:
Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu ngesikhathi esifanele, qinisekisa ukuthi akukho umanyolo owandayo emhlabathini, kanti uma umanyolo ngaphezulu usetshenziswa, izitshalo zingase zife. Phakathi nenkathi eyomile, izihlahla zivame ukuphuziswa, futhi uma kunemvula njalo, inikeza umuthi nge-potash kanye ne-phosphate fertilizer.
Ngobusuku amaqhwaNgentwasahlobo, i-cherry ivikelwe ngomusi. Izinqwaba zemfucumfucu zifakwa yonke indawo engadini, ezibekwe lapho izinga lokushisa liwela ku-0 C.
Izinambuzane, izifo
I-Cherry ivame ukuthinteka njalo izifolike:
UMonilioz - izithelo zokubola, isifo esiyingozi kakhulu. Izimbali namagatsha esihlahla esithelelekile saphela, amaqabunga aqala ukuwa, ukubola nokuqina, izithelo zome.
I-Coccomycosis ibangelwa i-coccomyces hiemalis marshmallow. Amahlamvu ashintshwe ngokuyinhloko, amabala amancane abomvu avela kubo, okwanda kancane kancane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaqabunga angathinteka, abe ngombala obomvu futhi asomile, izimbobo zingakha. Isimo sezulu esinomswakama, ukuqhuma njalo kwemvula, nemvula kuthinta ukubonakala kwesifo.
Uma kubonakala izibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, izihlahla ezithathelwanayo zifakwe ngokulungiswa okufana ne-chorus. Qinisekisa ukuthi ungeze isephaphu kwisixazululo sokwenza iphunga eliqinile (i-foam iyakwazi ukugcina lesi sidakamizwa singenakuhlanza). Kudingeka ukhiphe ngokucophelela, uqaphele kakhulu ngaphakathi kwamacembe. Ngemuva kokuvuna, amaqabunga nezifo zihlutshiwe futhi zishiswe ukuze zivimbele ukusakazeka kokutheleleka.
Inkathazo eyingozi kunazo zonke I-cherry enhle i-aphid. Uma nje uqaphele izimpawu zokuqala zokubonakala esihlahleni, masinyane udinga ukusifiphaza nge-Iskra ngensipho.
Ukuze izihlahla ze-cherry zingabi nakancane ukuthi zithinteke izifo nezinambuzane, udinga ukuqapha isimo sabo njalo, wenze izimpande kanye nokugqoka okungaphezulu kwezimpande ngesikhathi esifanele, ngokulinganisela uchithe izihlahla, futhi uhlale unciphisa amagatsha.
