Ukutshala umuthi ngamunye wensimu unezici zawo. Umgomo wethu ukukujwayeza ngemithetho eyisisekelo yokutshala umuthi we-cherry omuhle ekwindla. Phela, kubalulekile hhayi ukuthenga nokutshala isihlahla engadini yakho, kodwa futhi ukukhetha indawo efanele nenhlabathi, ukulungisa umgodi kanye ne-cherry kakhulu yokutshala. Sina amathiphu amakhulu ekukhetheni insimu nokuyikhathalela emva kokutshala.
Isigaba Amagilebhisi
Namuhla, inamba enkulu kakhulu yamagilebhisi ahlukene. Phakathi kwazo kukhona umuthi, othandwa kakhulu ngabakwa-winegrowers. Lena iqoqo lezinhlobonhlobo, amajikijolo anesiphunga esinamandla, esiseduze kakhulu ne-musk. I-Muscat isetshenziselwa ukwenza iwayini elihle kakhulu elenziwe ngamajikijolo amhlophe, amnyama nama-pink.
Ekuboneni kokuqala, kungase kubonakale kubalimi abanamakhadi abavuna amagilebhisi kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi inzima. Ezimweni eziningi, lo mbono awulungile. Kulesi sihloko sizozama ukuxosha le mythani ngokusebenzisa isibonelo sezinhlobonhlobo ezizalwe ngokukhethekile kwabalimi besikhombisi. Sizokutshela izithelo zomvini ezimnandi "Elegant", incazelo yayo, izici ezihlukahlukene, kanye nezithombe zezihlahla nezihlahla.
"Gourmet Early" iwuphawu oluhle kakhulu lwethebula lamagilebhisi, elihlukaniswe ukunambitheka okubucayi nezici zangaphandle eziphawulekayo. Ibanga elingathobeki kalula lijwayele ukujwayela njengaseNingizimu, nasenyakatho. Umlando I "gourmet zakuqala" yenziwa ngokushesha - eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-10 eyedlule omunye wabalingani bokuqala kazwelonke Viktor Nikolayevich Krasnov.
Abathandi bezithelo zomvini ngaphambi kokukhetha ezihlukahlukene kumele banqume ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhethwayo kakhulu ngesakhiwo sabo nokuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu ukunambitheka kwabo. Ukuzijwayeza okuningiliziwe nemibono ngayinye yokubuka kanye ne-accounting kungakwenza ukhethe okulungile. Isibonelo, uma amajikijolo ahlelwe ukuthi azosetshenziselwa ukunqoba, khona-ke okukhethwa kukho okungcono yi-Muscat amagilebhisi, incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ezitholakala ngalo nesithombe bese uqhubeka.
Amagilebhisi amancane amnandi okukhunjulwa ngudokotela wesigqila, naphezu kwamaqoqo amancane kanye nemvelaphi yasemakhaya, ancintisana ngokwanele phakathi kwezinhlobo zakuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakwa-winegrowers bayakwazisa kuye ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, izifo kanye nama-parasites. Yikuphi lokhu okuhlukahlukene, indlela yokukhulisa umvini wayo engadini yayo nokuthi kufanele ukwenze ukuthini ukuqoqa izitshalo ezinhle ngonyaka - sizokhuluma ngakho konke lokhu kamuva kulesi sihloko.
Amandla omvini asithinta inani lesitshalo, futhi umthwalo olinganiselayo uthinta ikhwalithi. Ukuze uzuze ukusatshalaliswa okufanele kwezakhi futhi uthuthukise isivuno, unqume izingxenye ezidlulele ze-shoot. Ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungagcwalisa kanjani amagilebhisi futhi uphuthukise ukuvuthwa, funda ngezansi. Ukubaluleka kwenqubo yokufaka imbobo kuyindlela yokusika ingxenye engaphezulu yamahlumela esitshalo kanye namaqabunga.
Amagilebhisi - i-shrub enhle kakhulu eye yaba yinxenye yendiza engadini. Akumangalisi ukuthi ama-cottage ajwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi "izivini", ngoba isihlahla esinjalo, uma kungenjalo kuyo yonke indawo, cishe kuzo zonke. Ukuze isitshalo, ngaphezu kokuhle, ukuletha isivuno esihle, kuyadingeka ukuba sinakekele kahle futhi senze njalo izinqubo eziningi, okunye okuzokhipha izingane zokutholwa.
"Riesling" - izinhlobo ezivuthiwe ezivuthiwe ezenzelwe ukukhiqizwa kwewayini elimhlophe. Lezi zihlukahlukene zingenye yezintandokazi phakathi "njenge-Chardonnay" ne "Sauvignon". Ukusebenzisa amagilebhisi kulezi ezihlukahlukene, thola izinga eliphezulu lewayini elikhiqizwa. Lekhwalithi inikeza isilinganiso esiphakeme phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zemagilebhisi.
Amagilebhisi - ukuhlobisa kakhulu, kepha futhi isitshalo esivundile. Kodwa, ngeshwa, akukwazi ukubhekwa ngokunganaki. Ukuze udale isivini esihle, udinga ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo, futhi impumelelo ekukhuleni ithola isipiliyoni. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzalanisa lesi sitshalo esiyinkimbinkimbi, kubalulekile ukutadisha yonke imiqondo ye-ubunjiniyela bezolimo, futhi ukunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo kuyinto ebalulekile yale nqubo.
Izitshalo zamagilebhisi zisanda kuvame kakhulu. Intshisekelo kubo ikhula ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo futhi kulula ukulima. Ukuqaphela okukhethekile kumele kuhokhwe amagilebhisi "Arochny", okuyinto, ngokusho incazelo ezihlukahlukene, ngaphezu kokuvuna ocebile, ukuhlobisa kakhulu. Umlando wokuzalanisa Amagilebhisi "Aroch" atholakala ngokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlobonhlobo "Intervitis Magaracha" no "Ubuhlobo".
Ama-nutrients (macronutrients) angacatshangwa njengalawo asisiza isitshalo sakha futhi sikhule. Ukungabi nalutho okungenani kuyingozi ekuthuthukiseni isitshalo. Izithelo zomvini azikho futhi zikhethekile ngokucwilisa inhlabathi ngezakhi. Yingakho kubalulekile kuzo zonke izitshalo ukuthi zikwazi kanjani ukuvuna amagilebhisi entwasahlobo nokuthi yikuphi umanyolo okufanelekile ukwandisa isivuno.
Kulabo abathintekayo ekulimeni kanye nokulima, indaba ebalulekile ukufakelwa okufanele kwezitshalo ezihlukahlukene. Uma kunolwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nezihlahla zezithelo nezihlahla, khona-ke isimo namagilebhisi kunzima kakhulu. Kulesi sihloko sizokwethula izimfihlo zale nqubo futhi sikutshele ukuthi ungazalisa kanjani amagilebhisi kusayithi, okungukuthi, ukulifakelwa ngaphezu kwamadeshi amancane.
Sonke sithanda ukudla okumnandi, amagilebhisi amnandi. Ngokuvamile, ikhule ezweni, ezimweni ezifudumele zezulu ezifudumele. Sizokutshela indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi eSiberia entwasahlobo, ukuthi ungabanakekela kanjani. I-Siberia namagilebhisi Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi amagilebhisi angaphansi kwezitshalo ezithisa ukushisa nezomswakama, izinguquko zansuku zonke zokushisa zinomthelela omubi kuwo.
Izithelo zomvini ziyisitshalo esivamile emazweni amaningi emhlabeni, kodwa noma yikuphi lapho ikhula khona, idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngoba kunezifo eziningi lapho amagilebhisi engenawo umkhuhlane. Ngakho-ke, sicabangela esinye sezifo ukuthi amagilebhisi athambekele ku-chlorosis. Iyini i-chlorosis nokuthi iyingozi kangakanani i-Chlorosis yisifo ezitshalweni, esibonakala ukungabi nalutho lwe-chlorophyll emaqabungeni nokunciphisa izinga lokukhiqizwa kwe-photosynthesis.
Ngokunakekelwa okulula okubonakalayo kwamagilebhisi, lesi sithelo sesitshalo sinomusa kakhulu futhi sinomthelela kunoma yikuphi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu noma ukubukeka kwezinto eziphilayo ezilimazayo esitshalweni. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukufeza ukusebenza kwamagilebhisi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuze kuvikelwe ezifweni nasezinambuzane.
Uma ukhula amagilebhisi, mhlawumbe uqaphele ukuthi amabala amnyama avele avele emaqabunga namahlumela. Ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama kuzo zonke izingxenye zalo kukhuluma ngesifo. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe nge-anthracnose yamagilebhisi, kuyoba nesithombe samaqabunga ezifo kanye nezincomo zendlela yokuphatha amagilebhisi.
Isivini ngumhlobiso omuhle wesayithi, ngaphandle kokuletha isivuno esihlwabusayo nesempilo. Kodwa sonke siyazi ukuthi lesi sitshalo, ngeshwa, asikona ukuzithoba futhi sidinga ukuqapha nokunakekelwa njalo. Enye yezinkinga ezivamile abalimi abhekene nazo ukuthi bangabhekana kanjani nezivinini esivinini.
"I-Krasnostop Zolotovsky" - i-Don ubudala yamagilebhisi ahlukahlukene wezobuchwepheshe, okubhekwa yisikhathi sokuvuthwa. Kungenxa yezinhlobo zemagilebhisi ezivamile emgodini ogwini lolwandle oluMnyama. Isifundazwe esithi "Krasnostopa" senziwa e-Krasnodar Territory. Umlando wokuzala Kukhona izinguqulo eziningana zokubonakala kwalolu hlobo.
Namuhla, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamagilebhisi ezifanelwe ngokufanele ukusetshenziswa kokusha kanye nokwenza imali. Nokho, ngamunye wabo unezici ezihlukene, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokudala izivini kubalulekile ukutadisha incazelo eningiliziwe yokukhetha okukhethiwe.
I-mushroom encane kakhulu i-Alternaria ihlukaniswe yizinhlobo eziningi. Kodwa namhlanje sizobheka izinhlobo ezimbili ezizobangela ukugula okungathí sina - i-alternarioz emasimini amagilebhisi noma e-cottage ehlobo. Incazelo kanye nezibonakaliso Ezinyangeni ezedlule, i-Alternaria yaqinisa kuphela futhi yaqina kakhulu empilweni yangaphandle.