Izitshalo zangaphakathi

Indlela yokukhula izimpande kuma-orchid?

I-Orchid izimpande ezinempilo zine-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuqina nokuqina. Ingxenye yendiza yembali ibonisa izinkinga nge-root system - i-turgor yamaqabunga ilahlekile, ukuyeka ukukhula. Kubonakala ukuthi ingxenye yesimiso sempande, engaphandle kwe-substrate, ishintsha umbala wayo, iba yithambile futhi imanzi, noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, iyoma. Ungasheshi ukuqeda lesi sibonelo - lesi sitshalo singasetshenziswa ukuzama ukuvuselela kabusha. Sifunda ngezimbangela zokulahlekelwa kwezimpande nendlela yokwakha uhlelo oluyisisekelo se-orchid.

Izimbangela zokulahlekelwa kwezimpande?

Ukunakekelwa okungavamile ngokujwayelekile noma ukutholakala kwezinambuzane ezinambuzane kuholela ekufeni kwesimiso se-orchid. Cabanga ngezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokufa kwezimpande.

Ukuphazamiseka kokunisela

Esinye sezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokubola kwempande yi-moistening ngokweqile ye-substrate lapho le mbali enhle ikhula khona. Lesi simo sinengozini kakhulu ngesikhathi sokubandayo lapho amazinga okushisa ewela futhi kukhona ukungabi khona kwelanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuchelela okungavamile kunesimo sezulu esifudumele. Phakathi kokuchelela kufanele njalo unikeze i-substrate ukuba yome.

Kubalulekile! Akufanele uthathwe kakhulu ngamanyolo noma ukwandise ukugxila okunconywayo, sebenzisa izimali hhayi ama-orchids. Ukweqile kwamaminerali kungabangela ukufa kwezimpande ezibucayi ze-orchid.

Ngokumelene nesimo somswakama ophezulu kuthuthukisa izifo ezibangelwa ukufa kwezimpande. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umuntu akufanele avame ukuphuza ukuchelela noma ukwenza kube lula kakhulu; ukhohlwa ukusihlanza isitshalo, ikakhulukazi ekushiseni kwehlobo. Isimo esinjalo singabangela ukumiswa kwesimiso sempande nembali.

Ukungahambisani nokushisa

I-Hypothermia ingabulala imbali elishisayo. Ngokuvamile, ama-orchids e-thermophilic afinyelela ngaphezu kwesigamu sehora lapho amazinga okushisa ewela + ku-10 ... + 15 ° С. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe uma lesi sitshalo sitholakala efasiteleni elibandayo noma ebhaleni, lapho sithunyelwa esitolo. Izinhlobo ezingenayo izikhukhula zithinteka emazingeni okushisa angu--2 ... + 2 ° C.

Asikwazi ukuvumela i-frostbite ephelele yesitshalo, ngoba kulokhu ayikwazi ukulondolozwa. Gwema izakhi kanye nezinguquko ezishisayo zokushisa uma zivutha ngesikhathi seqhwa. Ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu nokushisa kwelanga ngokuqondile ekushiseni kwehlobo kungabangela ukuba uhlelo lwempande lume. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbali kufanele ibe yi-pritenyat emisebeni eshisayo, ivame ukuphuziswa futhi ifakwe.

Izinambuzane

Ama-orchids angahlaselwa yizinambuzane ezithinta uhlelo lwempande:

  1. Nematodes. Lezi yizibungu ezincane ezibeletha emfudumeni nasemanzini. Bahlala enhlabathini nakuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo. Ama-nematodes weLeaf azibonakalisa wona amabala obomvu nabomnyama kumahlamvu. Umsebenzi we-nematode wempande uholela ekubunjweni kwezinyosi (ukuphumula) izimpande nokufa kwazo. I-Nematodes ifa emazingeni okushisa ngenhla + 45 ... + 50 ° C. Abalimi bezimbali eziphambili abahambelani ukulahla isitshalo, futhi kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili bamnikeza isha, kancane kancane baletha izinga lamanzi libe ngu-50 ° C. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuba sitshalwe kabusha, singasetshenziselwa i-disinfected ngenhlabathi nomgubhu ngamanzi abilayo, sinqume izimpande ezilimazayo bese sikhula ezintsha.
  2. I-Mealybug Libhekisela ezintwaneni ezincane ezisiphuza (0.5-12 mm), okukhona okukhiqiza u-vatoobrazny omhlophe. Bathanda ukubeka amaqanda ezindaweni ezingabonakali - ezinhlangothini zamaqabunga, efihlekile, ezimpandeni. Bathanda ama-sms afudumele, omisiwe kanye nama-nitrogen-fed. Le nkathazo isuswe ngomshini nge-swab ikotini efakwe emanzini ase-soapy. Qinisekisa ukwenza ukufakelwa kabusha ngokubuyekezwa kwesistimu yezimpande. Ngezilonda ezincane, ungasebenzisa ukumnika kwegalikhi. Ngezilonda ezinzima, zisebenzisa "Mospilan", "Aktellik", "Aktara" ngokuphathwa okuphindaphindiwe eminyakeni eyishumi.
  3. Amathikithi. Ezinye izinhlobo ezithinta isisekelo se-stem futhi uhlelo lwempande alubonakali kalula. Kunzima ukuqeda imikhaza echaphazela uhlelo lwempande. Kungcono ukuthola izakhiwo okungezona zokuhlala futhi usebenzise kuso ithuluzi elivela eqenjini le-carbamate "Marshal", elizoxazulula le nkinga ngokugcwele. Ngezinambuzane zesicabucabu, kwanele ukuqhuba ukwelapha ezimbalwa ngamakhemikhali afana ne "Aktelik" no "Fitoverm".
  4. Mokritsy. Kubonakala kuma-specimens ayenziwa emoyeni omusha. Phila ku-substrate. Kulula ukuwaqeda ngokufaka ibhodlela ngembali emanzini noma ngosizo lwamalungiselelo e-pyrethrum.

Kubalulekile! Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlela i-orchid yokuthenga indawo yokuhlukanisa futhi uhlole ukuba khona kwezinambuzane ku-substrate ngokufaka. Qaphela ngokucophelela isenzakalo esikhethiwe esesitolo.

Ukulungiselela imvelo ekhulayo

Ngemva kokuthola isizathu sokufa kwesimiso, kuyadingeka ukuthi ulungiselele ukususa izimpande ezithintekayo nezifile futhi uqale ukwakha ezintsha.

Ngalokhu udinga ukubeka lokhu okulandelayo:

  • amalahle ochotshoziwe (angenza, acushiwe kabhaksi kusuka ekhemisi) noma i-sinnamon powder;
  • umsila ophuzi-umsila ongenakukhutshazeka;
  • fungicide oyifunayo noma inambuzane (uma ithola isifo noma izinambuzane).

Khona-ke kudingekile ukuba uphumule i-orchid ethangini, ukhulule ngokucophelela izimpande ezivela e-substrate, ugeze ngamanzi afudumele, futhi uzihlole ngokucophelela kanye nesitshalo ngokwawo. Susa izingxenye ezigulayo, uphinde ufafaze izindawo ezinqunywe ngamalahle noma ama-sinamoni. Bese usumile amahora angu-6.

Uma i-nematodes itholakale, imbali kufanele igcwaliswe ngokuphelele emanzini evuthayo kuya ku-45 ... + 55 ° С. Ngokuya ngesilinganiso somonakalo, gcina khona lapho imizuzu engu-5-30, ugcine izinga lokushisa elidingekayo. Lapho kutholakala i-mealybug, isitshalo kufanele sisigcobe kahle izimpande ezisele bese isusa inkathazo ngesandla.

Uma izifo zitholakala, kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise ama-fungicide ahambisana nawo, kodwa kubalulekile ukugcina imifino ebuthakathaka emakhethweni akhethiwe angabi ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-10-15. Bese uvumele i-orchid yome amahora angu-12-24.

Kubalulekile! Uma kubonakala izinambuzane nezifo, kubalulekile ukuhlola izitshalo ezizungezile futhi wenze ukucubungula kwendawo ekhulayo ye-orchid namandla.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zezimpande ezikhulayo

Kunezindlela eziningana ezizosiza i-orchid ukuba ikhule izimpande. Zingasetshenziswa kokubili isitshalo esilimele, izimpande zazo eziye zafa, kanye nezingane ze-orchid.

Ukusebenzisa amanzi

Ngokuyinhloko i-orchid iqoqa ngokusizwa ngamanzi.

Njalo emanzini

Le ndlela ayisebenzisi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kungabangela ukubola ngokuphindaphindiwe kohlelo lwempande.

Inqubo yokuqothula ngokwayo kulokhu kwenzeka kanje:

  1. Amanzi ashisayo afudumele athululelwa esiqukweni. Ukusetshenziswa kokuvuselela i-rooting kungenzeka.
  2. Lesi sitshalo sifakwa ukuze isisekelo ngezimpande ezincane zihlale ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ngokuvamile ukuphela kugxila emanzini ngo-1 cm.
  3. Njengoba ukukhuphuka kwemifula yomswakama kunciphisa ngezansi.
  4. Kanye emva kwezinsuku ezingu-7 amanzi ashintshwe ngokuphelele.

Ividiyo: Phinda uvuselele i-orchid emanzini

Ngaphezulu kwamanzi

Izimpande ezikhulayo ngaphezu kwamanzi zibhekwa njengendlela engenazinkinga kakhulu.

Lenziwa kanje:

  1. Thela amanye amanzi ibe isitsha esibala. Kufanele abe nemingcele enjalo ukuze isitshalo singangeni kuso. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungasebenzisa ibhodlela le-plastiki elingu-5 litre bese ulungisa isitshalo ngethusi.
  2. I-orchid ifakwa esitsheni ukuze ingafinyeleli ku-1-2 cm wamanzi. Khona-ke ibhodlela lifakwe phezulu.
  3. Nsuku zonke, imbali isusiwe futhi ifakwe ihora eli-1 ngesisombululo noshukela noma i-glucose. Khona-ke yomile kancane futhi ifakwe futhi kulesi sitsha.
  4. Ngemuva kwelanga elingu-1 kusihlwa, isitshalo sifakwa kwisisombululo samavithamini. Kudingekile ukukwenza kusihlwa ukuze amavithamini ahlukane ngenxa yelanga eliqondile.

Uyazi? Abanye abalimi bembali balondoloza i-orchid emanzini hhayi usuku lonke, kodwa amahora angu-6 kuphela. Isikhathi sonke isitshalo somile. Ngalendlela, lesi sitshalo sabe sesiba lula ukugxila ku-substrate.

Izimpande eziphezulu

Le ndlela yokwandisa uhlelo lwempande ye-orchid inikeza umphumela ophezulu. Izimpande zihlala zivulekile, kodwa zivikelwe ekungcoleni okunamandla nokubola.

Inqubo yalendlela iyi kanje:

  1. Amahlamvu athathwa ngokucophelela futhi isitshalo sifakwa ebhodleleni leplastiki nge-tip phansi.
  2. Thelela amanzi afudumele nge-activated carbon powder kuze kube phakathi kwephepha.
  3. I-base, esele emoyeni, ihlanzwa nsuku zonke ngebhodlela le-spray.
  4. Lapho kuvela amahlumela, i-orchid iguqulwa futhi ifakwe enhlabathini yomhlabathi ngokubunjwa okulandelayo kwesistimu.
  5. Lapho izimpande zikhulile ngokwanele, fakela imbali ibe yi-substrate engunaphakade.

Ku-substrate

Le ndlela ihambelana kahle nezimo eziye zagcina ezinye zezimpande zabo. Inzuzo yalokhu kukhula kwenqwaba yukuthi lapho kungasadingeki ukuvumelanisa nezimo ezintsha. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kanye ne-substrate ngeke kube ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwe-orchid. I-Sphagnum noma i-vermokulite ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-substrate.

Ukulandelana kwezinyathelo zendlela kule ndlela kulandelayo:

  1. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela indawo uhlaka lwamanzi obunwetshiwe noma amatshe amancane.
  2. I-sphagnum ihlelwe phezulu, ichithe kancane.
  3. Lesi sitshalo sitholakala ngendlela yokuthi isisekelo singavaliwe ngokuphelele futhi i-collar yezimpande ivulekile.
  4. Imbali imiselwe ezisekelweni ezifakwe ku-substrate.
  5. Uhlaka oluphezulu lwe-sphagnum luyancishiswa ngokupuniza kusuka ebhodleleni le-spray.
Izimpande ngokuvamile zivela emavikini angu-4 kuya kwangu-8.

Uyazi? I-orchid ofis, ekhula eRussia egu lolwandle lwaseCaucasian Black Sea, yenza iphunga lezinyosi likhange izidakamizwa. Ukuma nombala wephakathi kwembali nakho kufana nezinyosikazi.

Emagqabeni

Ungaqothula i-orchid engxenyeni enkulu yamahlathi avela ehlathini. Le ndlela ayivame ukusetshenziswa, kodwa uma ufuna ungayikhetha.

Inqubo yokukhula kwe-rooting ne-bark kanje:

  1. Okokuqala udinga ukukhipha imishanguzo ngegciwane. Ukwenza lokhu, ubilise ihora bese uvumela ukuthi lipholile. Amagxolo athengiwe agxilwe emanzini ukugcwalisa ngomswakama.
  2. Izitshalo zinqunywe yizinyosi ze-nylon ngezikhisi. Bahlela lesi sitshalo ezisekelweni ezifakwe tankini. Lawa ngokuvamile amathanga amancane amapulangwe noma amaplastiki. Isisekelo se-orchid kufanele sithinte amagxolo anamanzi.
  3. Intamo yentambo iphathwa nge-stimulant noma isisombululo se-vitamin B1.

Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, inqubo yokuqothula kufanele iqale, futhi emva kwezinyanga ezingu-3 uhlelo lwesimiso kufanele seluvele lwakhiwe. Izimpande zalesi sitshalo zigcina zikhula ebusweni bamagxolo. Ukufeza ukuchelela nokupuniza amahlumela akufanelekile. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ukoma ekamelweni lapho ukhetha le ndlela akumukeleki. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubeka iziqukathi ngamanzi eduze kwegxolo ngembali. Uma i-bark isomile, kuzodingeka ukuthi ihambele.

Ukunakekela ngenkathi ukwandiswa kwezimpande ze-orchid

Phakathi nenkathi yezimpande ezikhulayo, ama-orchid kufanele anikeze ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu. Ukuqothulwa komzimba kuyophumelela ekutheni izinga lokushisa elingu-23 ... + 25 ° C futhi likhanyise kahle kodwa lingafani. Imisebe eqondile yelanga kufanele ikhishwe. Ngakho-ke, faka imbali kuphela kumafasitela abheke empumalanga noma empumalanga-mpumalanga. Ngenkathi ebandayo, ibhodlela elinembali kufanele libekwe eceleni kweseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga, kungenzeka ukukhanyisa i-fitolamp. Ubude obude bezinsuku ngamahora angu-12. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayikho imidwebo kanye namaconsi okushisa.

Futhi funda ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuvuselela i-orchid uma izimpande zibolile.

Akudingekile ukondla esikhathini esinjalo, kodwa uma izimpande zokuqala zivela, ungathuthukisa le nqubo ngosizo lwezinto ezikhuthazayo. Ungakhathazeki uma elinye lamaqabunga (ngezansi) liqala ukuphuzi futhi loma - le nbali ithatha ukudla okunomsoco kuwo ukuze yakha izimpande.

Kuyoba kuhle ukupha imbali ngevithamini zeqembu B Isixazululo sokugqoka silungisiwe kanje: ½ inkomishi yamanzi kufanele ithathwe nge-1-2 amaconsi kavithamini B6, B12, B3. Lesi sinkinga kufanele sisule amaqabunga futhi senze isisekelo sesitshalo. Kungenzeka ukuqinisa isitshalo ngokumelene nezifo ezihlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokuqothula ngosizo lwe-Fitosporin. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni lapho izibonakaliso zezifo zitholwa khona.

Ukulungiselela ukusheshisa inqubo yokwakha izimpande

Izimpande ze-orchid zakhiwe masinyane, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi afana nalokhu:

  1. I-succinic acid. Isetshenziswa ngesimo sesisombululo. Ithebulethi eyodwa yanele 1 l of liquid. Lelixazululo lisetshenziselwa ukupomfaza, ukusula amaqabunga noma ukuphuza isikhathi esingaphezu kwe-1 ezinsukwini ezingu-30.
  2. Vermiculite Isetshenziselwa esikhundleni se-moss noma igxolo. Ngokungafani nalezi zakhi, i-vermiculite iqukethe izinto eziningi eziwusizo. Isidakamizwa "Kornevin". Kuhle kakhulu kuvuselela inqubo yokwandisa uhlelo lwempande. Lesi sitshalo sifakwa kwisixazululo "Kornevina" imizuzu engu-15-20 ngaphambi kokuqhuma okuqhubekayo. Ngezinye izikhathi i-heteroauxin isetshenziselwa esikhundleni, ushukela, uju noma ijusi le-aloe liyoncibilika emanzini.
  3. Isidakamizwa esithi "Fitosporin". Isiza ukubuyisela i-orchid ngemuva kokutholakala kwanoma yiziphi izifo ze-fungal. Esikhathini sesisombululo sokulungiselela okunjalo, lesi sitshalo sigxiliwe imizuzu engu-20, futhi ngemuva kokutshala noma ukuqhuma okuqhubekayo.
  4. I-glucose. Isisombululo esine-glucose, sula amaqabunga bese ubeka isitshalo ngokwawo entanyeni enkulu. Isixazululo singenziwa ngokuzimela ngokuxuba i-ampoule engu-1 ilitha liketshezi.
  5. "Appin" noma "Zircon". Lezi ziyi-biostimulants zokukhula ezizosiza ekusindeni i-orchid ngenkathi engafaneleki.

Uyazi? Ngo-2000, inzuzo evela ekuthengiseni ama-orchid e-United States yafinyelela ku-$ 100,000,000. Cishe u-75% wabo bonke abathengisi benza i-phalaenopsis.

Awukwazi ukubeka imbali kulezi zixazululo ukuze amanzi angene emkhatsini wamaqabunga.

Amaphutha amakhulu uma udala izimpande

Ngenxa yokungabi nalwazi, ukuqala imbali abalimi ngokuvamile benza amaphutha alandelayo:

  1. Ukwehla akukwenziwa ukucubungulwa, futhi amagciwane angangena kuwo.
  2. Ingabe ukucubungula kwezigaba zezitshalo ezinobumba obuhlaza noma izindlela eziqukethe utshwala, okuholela ekusomeni kwawo.
  3. Unganikeli ukukhanya kokukhanya, futhi imbali ingangena kumodi ye-hibernation.
  4. Ebushushu behlobo bayakhohlwa ukuvikela imbali emisebeni eqondile yelanga, okubangela ukushisa.
  5. Amanzi okubangela ukuthi ukubukeka kwezimpande kubola.
  6. Ukukhipha ukususwa kwamaqabunga omile. Izenzo ezinjalo zingaholela ekufeni kwe-orchid, ngenxa yabo isitshalo sithatha ukudla kwayo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni.
Uyazi? I-Orchid ibizwa igama layo kusuka egameni lesiGreki lasendulo elisho "iqanda". Ngakho imbali yayibizwa ngenxa yokuma kwezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Uma uqaphele izibonakaliso zezinkinga ngesistimu yezimpande, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela isitshalo sokuba khona kwezinambuzane futhi uhlaziye izimo ezikhulayo nezokugcina. Khona-ke kufanele uqhubeke nokuvuselelwa kwesitshalo ngokwakha izimpande ezintsha.