I-Dermanyssus gallinae, noma umkhakhamba wezinkukhu, unomkhawulo omkhulu. Kungashiwo ngaphandle kokwedlulisa ukuthi bayamukela izwe lonke. Leli gama alisho ukuthi lidlalisa kuphela izinkukhu.
Umnikazi womkhaza kungaba izinyoni zasendle, izilwane ezincelisayo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nabantu. Mayelana nokuthi kuyingozi kangakanani i-parasite nokuthi ingaziqaphela kanjani - esihlokweni sethu namhlanje.
Yiziphi imikhaza ezinobungozi ezinkukhu?
Inkukhu isitshalo - isifo sezinkukhu eziningi zezinkukhu namapulazi, ngakho-ke, abanikazi bezinkukhu zezinkukhu, lesi sikhwama siyazibonela. I-bloodsucker encane ebomvu ayibangeli nje ukuphazamiseka kwenyoni, kodwa futhi isithwala sezifo eziningi ezinzima: isifo, ukwelashwa, ikholera, borreliosis, njll Ngokubonakala kwayo, intsha iqala ukuwa, futhi ezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni ezinomkhiqizo ziyancipha.
I-parasite ivela emanzini, endlini engenawo umoya. Ngokuyinhloko ikhungethwe ukulala, ngezinye izikhathi ihlala ezidlekeni futhi ingakwazi ukuthelela izinkukhu ezisanda kuzalwa, ngenxa yokuthi zinciphisa ukukhula nentuthuko, zivame ukufa. Esinye sezibonakaliso zokuba khona kwezinambuzane ukuthi izinkukhu ziqala ukudla ngaphezulu, futhi amaqanda aphansi. Futhi, izinkukhu zingase zibe namaqabunga amacici namacici ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwegazi elikhulu. Uma isikhathi singatholi izinkinga, izinyoni ziyafa.
Sincoma ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ungenza kanjani ukungenisa umoya ngaphakathi endlini ngezandla zakho.
Uhlobo luni lomkhiqizo onganayo inkukhu?
Izakhamuzi zezinkukhu ezinamapulangwe zitholakala amathikithi ahlukahlukene, kusukela ezincane kakhulu, ezingenakubonwa ngaphandle kwe-microscope, ukuze kuvezwe ngokucacile futhi kubonakale emehlweni. Izinambuzane ezincane zihlala esikhumbeni njalo, zondla amangqamuzana esikhumba ezinamafutha kanye nezikhumba zesikhumba. Amakhiza amakhulu adinga igazi lezinyoni ukudla, futhi ahlala futhi abelethe endlini yenkukhu.
Abanikazi bezinkukhu bavame ukubhekana nenkinga yezibungu ezinkukhu. Ukulwa nalezi zinambuzane sebenzisa izidakamizwa u-Alben. "
Microscopic
- I-Knemidokoptes - izidumbu ezivusa amagciwane omzimba nemilenze ezinyoni.
- I-Epidermoptes - i-causative agent ye-scabies yesikhumba.
- Ama-Cytodites yi-ticks parasitizing ohlelweni lokuphefumula (ikakhulu emaphashini).
Okukhulu
- Isitifiketi esingahle (i-bloodsucker, ethinta kokubili izilwane nabantu).
- Umkhawulo wasePheresiya (i-parasite ikhetha ukuhlala kuphela ezinyoni).
- Umkhuhlane wezinkukhu obomvu (kubangela ukufa kwezilwane ezincane, futhi kunciphise ukukhiqizwa kweqanda lokubeka izinkukhu).
Inkukhu mite
Iziphi izifo ezibangela: indlela yokususa nendlela yokuphatha ngayo
Ama-parasites abonakala emehlweni, futhi lawo angabonakali ngaphandle kwe-microscope, akuyona nje into ecasulayo ekuphileni kwezinyoni, kodwa futhi abathwali benani elikhulu lezifo ezithathelwanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaselwa okuhambisana nezimpikiswano eziningi kubangela ukuthi le nyoni ihlale ihlukanisa izindawo ezinenkinga, okuholela emanxebeni okutheleleka okusha.
Funda indlela yokukhipha izinkukhu zezilwanyana ezinjengezilwane ezinjenge-peroed kanye ne-lice.
Isikebhe sezinyawo
I-Knemidokoptoz, eyathola igama layo kusuka ku-Knemidocoptosis ye-parasite-pathogen, eyaziwayo njengezinyawo zamanqina. Elinye igama elihle "lily foot", elivela ekubukeni komlenze othintekile: ukuvuvukala, izikali ezinamahlumela emilenze, okumbozwe ukukhula ngendlela ehlehliwe.
Lesi sifo sihamba kancane, siphendukela esimweni esingapheli. Izinkukhu ezineminyaka eyizinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezingu-5 zithintekayo. Ingozi yalesi sifo se-parasitic ukuthi kungenzeka ukuphawula ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kuphela emva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, umkhiqizo uqobo awuwuboni, futhi emva nje kokuqoqwa kwe-exudate kunezibonakaliso zokuvuvukala. 
Imfuyo yezinyoni ezinemilenze ehlanganiswe nempaphe ayinakwenzeka ukuba ihlaselwe umuthi. Kweminye imikhakha, lapho imilenze ne-beak zithinteka, kubonakala sengathi i-bumps efana ne-lime emihle (ngakho-ke igama). Uma i-bump enjalo itholakele, khona-ke ungabona ukuthi i-parasite ilumile: isakhiwo sangaphakathi sizobukeka njengesiponji. Lesi sifo singagcina iminyaka, sixhaswe ebusika futhi sisebenze ngokufika kwentwasahlobo. Ngenxa yezimo ezinganakiwe, izinzwane noma izinyawo zifa ngokuphelele.
Uyazi? Inkukhu yokuqala yokuzenzela ivela e-Ethiopia. Ngakho-ke, umlando wokuzala ekhaya kule nyoni uye waba cishe iminyaka engaba yizinkulungwane ezintathu!Ukwelapha kufaka isicelo ezindaweni ezithintekile zokulungiselela amakhemikhali:
- ibhulodi ye-birch tar engamashumi amane-degree: izinyawo zezinyosi ziyongena kuwo yi-hock; I-300 g ye-tar izokwanela izinyoni eziyishumi;
- Nicochlorane isigamu-iphesenti emulsion;
- i-birch ihlala ingxenye nengxenye ye-diesel;
- i-azuntola emulsion 0.3%;
- Isisombululo se-1% se-trichlormetaphos.
I-Telny isikhumba
I-agent causative ye-knemidocoptosis yomzimba ifana nalesi simo esedlule. Lo mkhawulo uhlukile ohlangothini lwawo kuphela ngokukhanya okuphuzi. Ihlala ikakhulukazi emasakeni esikhwameni, emaphethweni esikhumba senkukhu, ekwakheni amahlumela esikhumbeni. Kule nodes iqukethe inzalo yayo.
Lesi sifo sonyaka, kwenzeka entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Isikhumba senyoni sibomvu ezindaweni zokunqoba, silahlekelwa imifula yaso, ama-flakes away. Ngenkathi izwa ukulimaza okukhulu, inkukhu izama ukuxosha ama-parasites, kunokuba ibuhlungu kakhudlwana isikhumba sayo. 
Ukwelapha kuhlanganisa ukugeza izinyoni ezigulayo izixazululo ezikhethekile:
- I-Yakutin;
- Neguvon;
- "Mikotectan";
- isisombululo se-chlorophos se-aqueous 0.4%;
- azuntol 0.2%.
Kubalulekile! Uma ingxenye enkulu yenyama yenkukhu ishintshiwe, ingxenye yesithathu yesikhumba ingafakwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Amakhanda
Elinye igama liyi epidermoptosis. I-agent ye causative yi-micromite ephuzi yama-epidermoptes, ixazulula ngezinsizi ze-feather, ngaphansi kwesendlalelo esiphezulu se-dermal.
Amathuba okutheleleka akhula izikhathi eziningi phakathi nenkathi efudumele. I-foci yezifo ingabonakala kuqala ezinkukhulweni zezinkukhu, khona-ke entanyeni, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isifo sifinyelele ekhanda, sithinte ikhekhe namacici. Uma uqala ukwelashwa, ukusakazeka kuzoqhubeka nokuqhubeka, ngemuva nangenhla engenhla yemilenze. Ukubheka, isikhumba esibomvu nama-crusts omisiwe we-irir - lokhu kuyisignali enkulu ye-epidermoptosis. Isikhumba ezindaweni ezibucayi kakhulu zivutha ukuthi zingase zife, zithume iphunga lokubola. Ukuvama kanengi okuvame ukugubha.
Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kuyoba ukwelashwa izindawo ezivuthayo zesikhumba ngamafutha okugcoba noma izixazululo ze-acaricidal:
- i-tar ointment ngo-1: 5;
- i-creolin ointment, 1:10;
- Isixazululo se-tar esingaphansi kotshwala;
- I-emulsion yesepha (5%).
Uma yonke inkukhu yezinkukhu noma iningi layo inezilonda ezinamandla, ungaphambanisa imfuyo ngesisombululo sesigamu se-chlorophos.
Kubalulekile! Isayensi yanamuhla iye yafakaza ukuthi amangazane ayingozi kuphela ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo, futhi awukwazi ukukhohlwa ngabo bonke isikhathi. I-inkukhu mite iyasebenza ezinyangeni ezingu-6 ngonyaka, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kwendlu kufanele kwenziwe njalo.
Umkhuhlane wezinkukhu obomvu
I-causative agent evela emndenini wakwaGamazov unombala ophuzi kuze kube yilapho igcwele igazi. Ubukhulu bomkhawulo "olambile" ngu-0.7 cm, uma unamathele, ungaba ngosayizi kabili. Lezi zinambuzane ngokuvamile azihlali eziswini zabo, kodwa isidleke endlini. Isikhathi somsebenzi wabo wansuku zonke siwela ebusuku, ngezinye izikhathi ngosuku abafihla kuzo izinkukhu zesikhumba.
Umkhuhlane wezinkukhu obomvu awuphikisana namazinga okushisa aphansi, angadlala nonyaka wonke, ngisho nezibungu zalo ziphuza igazi. Kuyingozi kakhulu ngoba iyithwala yezifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo, kuhlanganise nalabo abajwayele izinkukhu nabantu.
I-VIDEO: UKUKHALA OKUHLULEKILE NGOKUKHONA Izimpawu zibandakanya ukuhlunga nokuvuvukala kwendawo ethintekile endaweni okukhona ngayo umkhaza: i-larynx, i-trachea, ikhala, indlebe. Izinkukhu zifa ngokukhathala nokulahlekelwa igazi. Izinkukhu zilahlekelwa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda.
Uyazi? Izinkukhu azihlukanisi amaqanda abo kubantu abangaziwayo, futhi uma inyoni ingena esikhundleni samaqanda, khona-ke iyobahlala njengayo.
Ukwelashwa kuyoba ukwelashwa kwezinyoni ezigulayo uthuli sevina (emgodini we-7.5%). Ngokuya ngobukhulu besilonda, inkukhu eyodwa ishiya 5 kuya ku-15 g uthuli.
Umkhawulo wasePheresiya
I-parasite yomndeni wakwa-Argass, inokusabalalisa okukhulu kakhulu ezindaweni eziseningizimu. Kuholela ekukhatheni nasekufeni kwenyoni ephethwe yilezi zinambuzane, yilabo abathwala izifo eziningi, kuhlanganise ne-salmonellosis nesifo sofuba. Ingozi yezinyoni nabantu.
I-mite yasePheresiya inesayizi enkulu, i-10 mm nge-6 mm. Imibukiso esebenzayo ebusuku, isikhathi esithile sithanda ukufihla ezindlini zendlu. Kokubili abadala nezimpungushe zidla ngegazi. Ngesikhathi sokuluma, umquba ungena emzimbeni wenkukhu, okuthinta kabi uhlelo lwawo lwamanzi - ukukhubazeka kungathuthuka. Izingosi zama-bite zivutha, ukushisa komzimba kuphakama. Izinkukhu eziningi zifa emkhakheni wasePheresiya; izinkukhu ezikhulile ziphendula ezimpilweni ngokunciphisa isisindo sabo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda.
Kuwusizo ukwazi ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezinkukhu ebusika nokuthi yiziphi amavithamini ezidingekayo zokubeka izinkukhu ukuze zizalwe kahle.
Imithi yokwelapha ihlanganisa ukwelashwa ngo-7.5% uthuli, njengalesi simo nomuthi obomvu. 
Umkhiqizo wesikhumba
Ubuye abe yi-cytodiasis, ungumkhaza we-pulmonary. I-agent causative - ama-cytodites, ukulungisa emaphashini noma e-bronchi yenyoni. Lesi yisifo esiyingozi kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ukufa kuyisigamu sezinkukhu ezigulayo.
Kunzima ukuthi le nyoni iphefumule, idonsela entanyeni iphinde iphose ikhanda layo ngomzamo wokuthola umoya ngaphezulu. Ukusuka ekhaleni kuvela ukukhishwa kwemfucumfucu. Uma phakathi nale nkathi ukubeka ingcindezi phezu kwe-trachea, inkukhu iya ekhwehleleni. Abantu abathintekile bangaphelelwa yilapho bedla isifiso sabo nesisindo, kodwa futhi bangawela esimweni se-coma.
Nakuba ezinye izinyathelo zokulondoloza izinyoni ezigulayo zenziwa (isibonelo, ukwethulwa kwamafutha e-camphor emgodini wesisu), ukwelashwa kubhekwa kungasebenzi futhi akukho nethemba elincane lokubuyiselwa. Izinyoni ezigulayo zihlatshwa, abasele basuke benesifo se-disinfected ngokupuniza ama-acaricides. Okukhethwa kukho kungcono ukubuyisela umhlambi ogulayo ngempilo enempilo.
Kubalulekile! Qinisekisa ukuqhuba ukungasebenzi kahle kwezindlu ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izinkukhu ezintsha lapho!
Isitifiketi sempikiswano
Lezi zinambuzane ayiyona eyingozi kakhulu, kepha zingabhubhisa izinkukhu nabantu. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokuphuza igazi, owesifazane uziphazamise ngokwayo. Ngakho-ke, akukho izinyathelo zokwelapha ezidingekayo uma ngokuzumayo uthola isitifiketi esingathandeki ngenyoni. Vele uyisuse ngezingubo.
Ingabe izinkukhu ziphazamisa abantu eziyingozi?
Ukulimala okuyinhloko kumuntu osuka enkukhu mite yiqiniso, ukulahleka kwezimali. Izinyoni ezithintekayo ezifa, ukuchitha imithi ngenkukhu, ukunciphisa umkhiqizo wabantu abasele - konke lokhu kuhlasela kakhulu isikhwama sezinkukhu, kunikezwa ukuthi umklomelo wokuqala uthinta intsha nezinkukhu. 
Izinkukhu ezithintekayo ziyingozi futhi zihlale ziphazamisekile. E-European Union, izibalo zigcinwa ngisho nasezimpikiswaneni ezinjalo: ukulahlekelwa kwezinkukhu ezinkukhu ezikhukhuleni zezinkukhu ngezinye izikhathi kungama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-130 ngonyaka.
Uyazi? Izinkukhu azikho njengeziphukuphuku njengoba zivame ukukholelwa. Isibonelo, inkukhu iyakwazi ukubona umnikazi wayo futhi, Uma embona ngamamitha angu-10, ugijimela ukuyohlangana.Kodwa kukhona enye ingozi: esikhathini esilambile, lapho kungekho izinamba ezinkulu zezinyoni noma ezinye "abanikazi" abaseduzane, umuthi uhlasela umuntu ngenhloso. Esiteshini sokulunywa, kuqhuma iziqhumane ezihamba phambili, zihambisana nezikhwama ezinkulu. Esikhathini esithathelwanayo sokuhlasela, ososayensi abakakafiki imibono efanayo, kodwa akukho ukuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni okwamanje.
Ukuvimbela
Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingabhekwa ezinyathelo zokuvimbela kanye nezinyathelo zokusiza kuqala:
- ukuhlolwa njalo kwendlu (ungathatha iphepha elihlanzekile lephepha bese uhamba nayo kuyo yonke imifantu nokuqhekeka - uma kunezinambuzane, amanengi amachashazi amancane ombala omnyama obomvu azowa ekhasini);
- ukugcinwa kwezindlu (uma isongo esincane sitholwa);
- ukuqedela ukubhuka okuphelele, ukucubungula abaphuza kanye nabahlinzeki.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo ziyingozi kubantu bobabili nezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha zonke izinyathelo kuye ngokuthi uvikele izinyoni zakho ekuhlaselweni komuthi. Ungakhohlwa ngokuhlola nokuvimbela njalo kwendlu, futhi umhlambi wakho uzoba unempilo futhi uphumelele.
Ividiyo: Indlela yokukhipha inkukhu mite enkukhu yenkukhu
Izindlela zokubhekana nezinkukhu ezivela emazweni
