Imbuzi yezimbuzi zohlobo lwe-Saanen

Ummeleli obaluleke kunawo wonke wezimbuzi ezivela emikhiqizweni ephakeme yelisi yiSwitzerland yaseSwiten, indawo yokuzalwa yidolobha laseZaanen, elise-Alps. Lesi silwane sihluke kwezinye izimbuzi ngokukhiqiza kwayo okuphezulu, ukuzala okuhle nokuzivumelanisa kahle nezimo zezulu. Kodwa-ke, labo abafuna ukukhula kufanele bazi kahle imithetho kanye nezici zokuqukethwe.

Izimbuzi ze-Saanen: incazelo yokuzalwa

Namuhla, izimbuzi ezimhlophe zaseSwitzerland zibhekwa njengento engcono kakhulu. Ulwazi mayelana nemvelaphi yangempela yalolu hlobo alukho, kodwa ososayensi bathambekele ekukhethweni "kokukhethwa kukazwelonke". Ngokokuqala ngqa, izimbuzi zabonakala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 futhi ngokushesha zaziwa ensimini yaseMelika, e-Australia nasezweni laseYurophu.

Uyazi? Ngaphakathi Amazwe asendulo e-Soviet Union, isilwane saqala ngo-1905. Kuyaphawuleka, kepha izwe ngalinye linikeza leli bongo igama layo, isibonelo: i-white Germanic ngcono, i-American Zaanenskie, i-Dutch white, i-shorthair emhlophe, njll.

Imbuzi ye-zaanensky engavunyelwe imfuyo isilwane esinamandla, esinamandla kakhulu, ukuphakama kwayo ekubundeni kungafinyelela emitha elilodwa, futhi isisindo sesilisa singaba ngu-100 kg, nesesiswini esingama-90 kg. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, isisindo sokuphila siyi-55 kg yezimbuzi, futhi kuya ku-80 kg wezimbuzi.

I-Zaanenka inombala omsulwa obomhlophe ngezinwele ezinamahloni ezinobuncane obude. Ama-squelettes aqinile, ahlakaniphile athuthukile anemilenze eqondile enamahlumela, aqoshiwe aphuzi.

Ikhanda likhulu kakhulu, lihle kakhulu, lihle "elidabukisayo", intamo iphinde ibe yinde, i-muzzle igxiliwe, enebunzi ebanzi futhi ibeke izindlebe. Izindlebe zokulinda ziphutha futhi zibhekwa njengesici. Bonke abesilisa banesilevu esikhulu, kanti abesifazane bayabonakala bengabonakali noma bengabikho ngokuphelele.

Isici esikhethekile se-zaanenka yi-udder wayo omkhulu, olinganiselwe ophakathi kwamehlo anezinsizwa ezithuthukile ezikhomba phambili. Phezu kwesibindi, abanye abameleli bobuhlanga banama-black specks amaningi, lokhu akusona isici.

Hlola izinhlobo ezinhle zezimbuzi, izimbuzi ze-Lamanchi, i-Alpine, i-Boer, i-Nubian.

Ngokukhiqiza, izimbuzi zicebile kakhulu. Isilinganiso sobisi isivuno sizoxhomeka ezimweni zesilwane kanye nokudla. Uma sicabangela izimo zombuso wethu, khona-ke cishe kuzonikezwa amalitha angama-600-750 obisi ngonyaka; ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokugcinwa, lesi sibalo sinama-1,300 amalitha.

Uyazi? Ukukhiqiza ubisi okuqoshiwe kwakubhalwe ezweni lakubo, futhi kwakungama-2499 amalitha yobisi ngonyaka.

Izici Zokukhiqiza

I-Zaanenki ixabisa kakhulu ukukhiqiza kwayo okuphezulu, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kwanda ngenani lezinkomo. Ukuvuthwa okuphezulu kwesibisi kubeletha emva kokubeletha kwesine, khona-ke owesifazane anganika 8-12 amalitha yobisi ngosuku, ekuseni nakusihlwa.

Phakathi ne-lactation, ubukhulu obisi lungadlula isisindo sesilwane ngokwayo ngezikhathi ezingu-20-25. Uma uqhathanisa, enkomeni, le coefficient ayidluli ayisishiyagalombili. Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwabesifazane kuza ezinyangeni eziyi-8-10. Isikhathi se-lactation siphelela ezinyangeni ezingu-11. I-Outrigger evela ezingwini eziyikhulu - izingane ezingu-180-250, kubhekwa njengenombolo eyanelisayo.

Ubisi lwezimbuzi buhlwabusayo kakhulu, bukhulu ngokweqile - bufinyelela ku-4%, bunzima, bunambitheka obumnandi obuhle obumnandi, ngaphandle kokuba khona iphunga elithile, elihambisana nemikhiqizo yeminye imikhakha.

Amandla nobuthakathaka

Abalimi bezimbuzi ezimhlophe ezihlanzekile babonisa izinzuzo eziningi ezingenakunqotshwa futhi zibabonisa ohlangothini oluhle kakhulu.

Futhi sonke sibonga:

• ukukhiqiza okuhle kakhulu. Ngisho nangemva kwenzalo yokuqala, lo wesifazane uyakwazi ukukhiqiza okungenani uhhafu wethani wobisi ngonyaka, futhi emva kwe-lambout yesine, isivuno sobisi singaphindwa kabili;
• isikhathi eside sokukhwabanisaokuhlala izinyanga ezingu-10-11;
• ukuzala okuhle kakhulu. Kunamakhanda angama-250 esitokisini esincane ngamadoda ayikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbuzi zikhula ngokushesha, ngenxa yalokho, zinikeze inzalo elandelayo ngokushesha;
• ukunambitheka okuhle kobisi. Ubisi lwezimbuzi ngumkhiqizo othize futhi, ngenxa yesici saso "imbuzi" iphunga, kaningi ayinambitha njengabantu abadala noma izingane. Ubisi bembuzi walolu hlobo alukwazi ukubhekana nalezi zinselele, buhle kakhulu futhi bunambitheke kakhulu;
• ubisi olunamafutha aphezulu - kuze kufike ku-4%, ngenkathi inkomo - isilinganiso esingafinyelela ku-3.2%;
• Amathuba okudla inyama yezilwane ezincane kusuka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu, emva kokuyeka ukukhula kwabo okunzulu;
• ukuvumelanisa kahle kakhulu isimo sezulu esibucayi;
• amathuba okudla isilwane ezindaweni ezingenazinkomo, isibonelo, ezindaweni ezizintaba, imifula.

Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kohlobo kubhekwa njengimfuno ephakeme ezimweni zokuboshwa nokunakekelwa njalo. Ukuphazanyiswa kokudla okunomsoco, izinga lokushisa, ukushisa kwekamelo kuholela ekubeni ukukhiqizwa kwezimbuzi kuwele. Futhi, abanye abakhiqizi bezimayini zohlobo lwezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinkomo eziphakeme kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokwesabeka kwezimbuzi.

Lapho uthenga isitoko esincane ezweni lakithi, ungase ubhekane nenkinga yokungabi nabantu abangenalutho abanezincwadi zokuzithandela. Zingathengwa kuphela kubalimi, futhi ngezindleko eziphakeme kakhulu.

Kuzosiza futhi ukuba ufunde ngezici zokugqoka izimbuzi, mayelana nezifo eziyinhloko zezimbuzi, mayelana nezici zokukhetha izimbuzi, ukwakha i-shed shed for izimbuzi, zingaki amalitha yobisi imbuzi inikeza, indlela yokukhetha umshini wokubamba izimbuzi.

Okuqukethwe

I-Saanenka idinga kakhulu okuqukethwe kwayo, futhi izimo ezimbi zingathinti umkhiqizo wayo.

Izidingo eziyinhloko zokuqukethwe kwayo ziyi:

1. Microclimate ekamelweni. Izilwane ngokulinganayo zibekezelela ukushisa nokubandayo. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa ekamelweni akufanele liwe ngaphansi kwama-degree angu -7, ehlobo kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inkomba ayikho ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-19. Imbuzi ingaphenduki emanzini aphezulu, kubalulekile ukuthi ayidluli ku-75%.
2. Umoya omusha. Esigodini lapho izilwane zihlala khona, kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukwakha umoya owanele wokungenisa umoya, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo qinisekisa ukuthi ayikho imidwebo.
3. Ukuhlanzeka Izimfuno eziphezulu zifakwa endaweni yokuhlanzeka endaweni. Izimbuzi kufanele zigcinwe zihlanzekile, futhi udoti kufanele ushintshwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokungcoliswa. Isitezi sakhiwe kude ne-cesspools, amachibi angcolile noma ama-reservoirs. Kunconywa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ukuthi zihlele izindawo zokususwa kwemikhiqizo yemfucuza yezilwane. Kabili ngonyaka baphilisa igciwane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbuzi zobisi kufanele zigcinwe emakamelweni ahlukene kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-square. m, abesifazane ababili. Izimbuzi zidinga ukuhlela isikhala esiningi.

Ukunakekela nokudla

Ukudla kwembuzi ezimhlophe kufanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile ngoba kuhluke kwimikhiqizo edingekayo ngezihlobo ezijwayelekile.

Izakhi ezigunyaziwe ekudleni kwezilwane kufanele kube:

• usawoti. Kumelwe unikezwe njalo;
• utshani obunamabele. Izimbuzi zisebenzisa ngokungahambisani hay kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo zotshani bese ukhetha izitshalo zokudla noma izitshalo;
• umugqa;
• isilo Kufanelekile ekudleni ebusika;
• amavithamini namaminerali amaminerali asekelwe izaqathe, ama-apula, amazambane, ama-beet, iklabishi.

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izimbuzi ezidlayo, indlela yokudla izimbuzi zobisi, indlela yokudla izimbuzi ebusika.

Ebusika, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi "baphathe" izilwane ezinezinyosi zamaqabunga noma amaqabunga ama-oak, ama-willow amahlumela.

Kubalulekile! Ungondli izimbuzi ngezidakamizwa zokudla ekudleni komuntu. Lokhu kungathinta, okokuqala, ivolumu yobisi isivuno, futhi okwesibili, kungalimaza impilo.

Kudingeka ukondle isilwane ngokufudumala kakhulu, uhlukanise amanzi kuze kube izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku, kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya.

Okubaluleke nakakhulu ukunakekelwa kwangaphandle kwesilwane, ikakhulukazi, ngoboya.

Ukugcina ijazi elibushelelekile, elikhanyayo futhi eliphilile, isilwane kufanele sihambe njalo:

• ehlobo - okungenani amahora angu-5 ngosuku;
• ebusika - kuze kube amahora amabili.

Kabili ngonyaka kufanele ufeze izinqubo zokunquma inselo. Ukuhamba kunqatshelwe eqhweni elinzima, amazinga okushisa aphansi nakakhulu okushisa.

Izici zokuzala

I-Zaanenskoe izimbuzi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, zinenani elikhulu ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ukuthola izimbuzi ezincane kanye nomkhiqizi wembuzi kufanele kube kusuka kubalimi abafakazelwe, abanokwethenjelwa.

Ukuze uthole inzalo enhle, udinga imbuzi ehlanzekile, ngokwakhiwa okuqinile nempilo enhle, ngubani ongenza umquba kuze kufike kwabesifazane abangamashumi amahlanu. Ngaphambi kokuqeda ukufeza, izilwane zigcotshwe.

Ngolunye usuku, imbuzi ingakwazi "ukumboza" kuze kufike kwabesifazane abathathu, futhi isikhathi phakathi kokulinganisa ngamunye kufanele okungenani sibe amahora angu-4. Uma kungekho mbuzi endala epulazini, ifakwe nenye imbuzi, kodwa ingaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-8.

Kubalulekile! Okukhiqiza kakhulu iminyaka yembuzi kusukela eminyakeni emibili ukuya kwemihlanu. Amantombazane nezinsikazi ezindala zivumela umenzi weminyaka ephakathi. Kodwa kubantu besifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi nendawo ungakwazi ukwamukela izimbuzi zanoma yisiphi isigaba seminyaka.

Izimbuzi zivuthwa ngokocansi ezinyangeni ezingu-6-8, nokho kunconywa ukuthi kufezeke ukulingana okungakafiki eminyakeni eyi-1.5. Ukuzimisela komfazi ukushada naye kungathathwa ngokuziphatha kwakhe: uhlala engapheli, ulahlekelwa isifiso sakhe nesifiso sokudla, umsila wakhe, izitho zakhe zofuzo zivule futhi zibomvu kancane.

Uma kungenelisekile ngezidingo zomzimba wesifazane, ukuzingelwa kwakhe ngokocansi kuyodingeka kuphindwe amasonto ambalwa kamuva.

Ukukhulelwa kwe-zaanenki kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezingu-6. Ukuze uthole i-lambing ezayo, kufanele ulungise igumbi elihlukile elihlelekile ngaphandle kwemidwebo, lapho izindonga zihlanjululwa futhi kufakwe ukulala okusha. Inqubo yokuzalwa kwezingane esilwaneni esinempilo kwenzeka ngaphandle kokungenela kwabantu, cishe imizuzu engama-40-50.

Ngemva kwemizuzu engu-15 bebeletha izinyane elilodwa, kuzalwa owesibili. Abafana balinganiselwa ku-4.5 kg, amantombazane - kufika ku-3 kg. Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, intambo yomzimba ihlukaniswa ngokucophelela kude nendawo eyi-8 cm kusukela esiswini; isisombululo esikhethekile esivela emehlweni, emlonyeni nasemakhaleni kususa i-mucus.

Uyazi? Ezingaphezu kuka-80% zamacala ambuzi abeletha amawele.

Lapho ukuthenga imbuzi ye-zaanensky

Namuhla kunzima ukuthenga imbuzi ehlanzekile ezweni lakithi. Inketho ekahle ukuthenga ezitshalweni ezizalisayo. Noma kunjalo, abaningi abafuna le nketho ayitholakali.

Ungakhetha isilwane kubalimi abazimele, kodwa lokhu kufanele ucabangele izici eziningana:

• uboya obumhlophe obuphelele. Ukutholakala kwamabala noma ama-shades ahlukene woboya kubonisa ukuthi kunesizukulwane esingaphakathi kwakho. Kumele ulalele isimo sejazi - kufanele sibe mfushane, bushelelezi futhi lukhazimule;
• umgogodla oqondile. Ukuhlukumeza, ukubuyisa emuva akuyona isici sohlobo lwe-Zaanen, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi angeke ngisho nokuphuma, njengoba abathengisi abangathembekile bethi;
• ukuphakama kumile - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-75 cm. Ukukhula okuphansi kwesilwane esikhulile kungabonisa ukuthi ngesikhathi sokulima kwalo ubuchwepheshe obufanele abuhlonishwa. Leli qiniso alisho ukuthi uhlanga luye lwashintsha, nje kuphela ithemba lokuthola ubisi oluhle ezimweni ezinjalo akufanelekile;
• akukho iphunga elimangalisayo lobisi. Ubisi lweZazanenki alugcini nje kuphela oluhlwabusayo, kodwa lubuye lunephunga elimnandi. Ukuba khona kwezimbuzi "imbuzi" - umphumela wokunakekelwa okungafanele, ikakhulukazi, okuqukethwe kwisitembu esisodwa sezimbuzi nezimbuzi, ngoba lezi zinsuku zingumthombo wesiphunga elimnandi.

Futhi, ochwepheshe abacebisi ukuthenga izimbuzi ngemuva kwe-lambing yesine, njengoba ukukhiqiza kwabo kwehla.

Ngokuqinisekile, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa imbuzi ejwayelekile evela ku-zaanenka uma okungenani kunesipiliyoni sokuzala okuncane. Ngakho-ke, uma ungenayo eyodwa, sebenzisa usizo lochwepheshe.

Izimbuzi zikaZaenensky ziyizilwane ezimangalisayo ezizojabula ngokukhiqiza okuhle, ukuzala okuhle kanye nobumnandi obukhulu kakhulu, ubisi obunempilo. Zidlala ukudlala, zinobubele futhi zithandekayo, ngezinye izikhathi zingenangqondo futhi zinenkani, noma kunjalo, zizobonga abanikazi bazo ngemingcele enzima kakhulu yokunakekelwa ngokucophelela nokudla okuhlukahlukene.