Isipinashi

Isipinashi se-Strawberry kanye nezici zayo ezikhulayo

Lesi yisitshalo esiwusizo kakhulu futhi esibaluleke kakhulu. Igama lesayensi yalo linguMariolatum, kodwa libizwa futhi I-Cmida evamile, isipiliki isipinashi, Ngesikhathi esifanayo kubonakala sengathi isipinashi, sitrobheli kanye nokusajingijolo.

Ukuthandwa kwesitshalo kuye kwaba ukubukeka okungajwayelekile futhi kunenzuzo enkulu emzimbeni womuntu.

Incazelo

I-Crimson isipinashi ivela e-europe eseningizimu, i-Afrika enyakatho ne-asia ye-Mediterranean. Kodwa lapho uvela khona, ngokuqondile, mhlawumbe, akekho ozokusho.

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo (ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amane eminyaka adlule) yatshalwe eHolland naseJalimane (ngenxa yemifino edlayo kanye nokufana nokupheka isipinashi), ke zhminda wagijima futhi wadluliselwa kwezinye izindawo. Manje sekuvame ukutholakala emadonini asetsheni nasenhlabathini ye-limestone ogwini lwase-Atlantic yaseYurophu. Isipinashi sipinashibhe sihlwanyelwa ikakhulukazi ngenxa yamapheshana ayo. Amahlamvu avela ngobusuku obukhulu no-anyanisi okuqala futhi aqhubeke ekhula phakathi nonyaka. Ukuvuna kushiya u-жminda unikeza sonke isizini.

Kuyoba okuthakazelisayo ukufunda ngalokhu: izindawo ezizuzisa isipinashi emzimbeni, izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, kuzokusiza wena ukuba ufunde konke mayelana nokukhula kwalesi sitshalo, ukuthi ukhule kanjani isipinashi efasiteleni ligcwala unyaka wonke nokuthi yiziphi izinto zokubusika ezingenziwa ngazo ebusika.

Ngaphezu kwamahlamvu, ezidliwayo namajikijolo. Zibukeka ngendlela efanayo nezithelo zokusajingijolo, futhi ngenxa yalokhu, igama iSipinashi-okusajingijolo selihambile. Ukwakhiwa kwamajikijolo kuqala ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, futhi ukuvuthwa kwazo kwenzeka ngokungahambisani, izithelo zivuthwe ngokugcwele ngo-Agasti-Septemba, kodwa zingakwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside, kuze kube seqhwa kuqala.

Amajikijolo avuthiwe - umbala we-crimson wamanzi nobubanzi obungamamitha amabili.

Ekubukeni, i-mary multi-leaved ingachazwa njengesitshalo se-herbaceous kuze kube ngamasentimitha angama-70 ephakeme ngempande ejulile, engabonakali, evulekile, ikakhulukazi i-stem igatsha, eneziqephu ezingxenyeni ezingenhla. Amaqabunga ahlaza aphakathi kwamamitha angu-7 ubude nobubanzi obungamamitha angu-4, ububanzi obunxantathu, obuncane futhi obukhombayo, kukhona nangendlela yomkhonto, phezulu kanye nesisekelo. Ingqikithi yeqabunga idlula kancane ibe se-scape, emaphethelweni enamazinyo aqondile. Izimbali ezimayini ezivamile zesilisa, izilathu ezintathu. Zifakwe ezindizeni eziphephile emaceleni amaqabunga. I-Pericles inomqondo ofanayo wamajikijolo, aqukethe eziningi ze-pulp, umbala obomvu, ngenxa yalokhu bavame ukubhekwa njengamajikijolo ngokungafanele. Imbewu iyabushelelezi, ilukhuni, i-chestnut-black, ikhanya kancane, ibe nezinhlamvu ezincane ze-longitudinal kanye ne-0.9-1.3 millimeters ububanzi.

Ukwakhiwa kanye nenani lomsoco

Nakuba isipinashi ngokwayo ayinayo ukunambitheka, kodwa lokhu ukunambitheka okubi kuhlawulelwa ngokuphelele ngokubunjwa kwama-microelements kanye nesethi yevithamini. Okuqukethwe kwensimbi ephezulu kuyinhlangano enhle kakhulu ye-prophylactic ye-anemia.

Phakathi kwemifino nezithelo ezicebile insimbi yizinyosi, imifino-uhlobo lwamagatsha kanye nezithelo zomisiwe (omisiwe, amakhiwane, ama-apricot).

Zahlulela - ngamagremu angu-100 esipinashi:

  • on value value ine 22 kilocalories noma kusuka 1% kwezidingo zomuntu nsuku zonke;
  • i-carbohydrate - 3.63 g, noma i-3% yezinsuku zansuku zonke;
  • amaprotheni - 2.86 g, noma u-5% wesidingo;
  • amanoni - 0.39 g, noma 1.5% isidingo;
  • fiber - 2.2 g, noma 6%
  • i-cholesterol - 0 mg.

Ngokwakheko lwevithamini ngamagremu ayi-100 esipinashi:

  • i-folate - 194 mcg, noma i-48.5% yesidingo;
  • i-nicotinic acid - 0.724% mg, noma i-4.5%;
  • I-Vitamin B5 - 0.065 mg, noma i-1%;
  • I-Vitamin B6 - 0.195 mg, noma i-15%;
  • I-Vitamin B2 - 0.189 mg, noma i-14.5%;
  • I-Vitamin C - 28.1 mg, noma i-47%;
  • I-Vitamin E - 2.03 mg, noma i-13.55%;
  • I-Vitamin K - 482 mg, noma i-402%;
  • amavithamini A - 9377 amazwe omhlaba, noma ama-312%.
Ukuze kukhonjiswe, iyunithi yamazwe ngamazwe iyunithi yesilinganiso ngomthamo wento, ngokusekelwe emsebenzini wayo noma umphumela wayo.

Uyazi? Kusukela amajikijolo of okusajingijolo isipinashi ukhiphe ijusi, yenza jam kanye compotes, kanye nokulungiselela kvass.

By electrolytes:

  • i-sodium - 79 mg, noma i-5% yesidingo;
  • i-potassium - 558 mg, noma i-12%.

Amaminerali:

  • i-calcium - 99 mg, noma i-10% yesidingo;
  • ithusi - 0,130 mg, noma u-14%;
  • iron - 2.71 mg, noma 34%;
  • i-magnesium - 79 mg, noma i-20%;
  • ama-manganese - 0.897 mg, noma i-39%;
  • i-zinc - 53 mg, noma i-5%.

Ngezinto ezivela emvelweni:

  • i-beta carotene - 5626 mcg;
  • i-lutein ne-zeaxanthin - 12198 mcg;
  • i-beta cryptoxanthin - 0 μg.

Izakhiwo eziwusizo

  • Ihlisa phansi ukuguga komzimba (ngenxa yokungena kwama-radicals mahhala).
  • Ivikela ukukhubazeka okungokomzimba okuhlobene nobudala okwenzeka phakathi kwe-retina.
  • Ifaka isandla ekulondolozeni ubuciko obubonakalayo.
  • Isiza ukulondoloza isimo esinempilo esikhumbeni, imfucumfucu ye-mucous futhi ivimbela i-oncology emithini yomlomo namaphaphu.
  • Ikhuthaza ukuqiniswa kwama-neuron ebuchosheni.
  • Ukwenza amathambo aqine ngokuvuselela amangqamuzana amathisini esithambo.
  • Kuyasiza ukulawula isigqi senhliziyo nengcindezi yegazi.
  • Ivikela umonakalo ezindongeni ze-arteries futhi ngokuvamile inomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwe-cardiovascular.
  • Ilawula ukushintshaniswa kwamafutha.
  • Ukuvimbela ukudliwa ngenxa yefayibha yokudla.
  • Iwusizo kakhulu e-hypertension, i-hemorrhoids.
  • Uhlanganyela ekuvinjweni komdlavuza we-prostate ne-colon.
  • Ivuselela ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi, ngaleyo ndlela yandisa i-hemoglobin.
  • Inomthelela wokuvimbela ekuvelekeni kwezinkinga ze-fetal neural tube kumama abakhulelwe.
  • Ithuthukisa umsebenzi wesilisa wokuzala.
  • Inomthelela omuhle ezinkingeni zesimiso sezinzwa, ukukhathala isikhathi eside, nokuhluleka ekukhuleni kwezingane.
  • Inendawo ejwayelekile yokulwa nokuvuvukala.

Ukungafani nokulimala

Konke okusemhlabeni kunenzuzo kanye ne-cons, futhi i-raspberry isipinashi ayikho. Futhi nakuba kunamaminithi amabili nje kuphela, ahlukumeze kakhulu ukungazinaki.

  1. Isipinashi sinokuningi kwe-oxalic acid. Emanzini amancane, akulimazi futhi akhishwa kalula ngokwemvelo, kodwa uma kuningi, amatshe asekhanda nesibindi, kutholakala izifo zesibindi, i-duodenum, namalungu kanye nokuvuvukala okuvamile. Ngenxa yalokhu, isipinashi kufanele sikhishwe ekudleni kwabantu abanezifo zalezi zitho, kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isipinashi ayiphakanyiswa futhi ngenxa yenani elikhulu le-oxalic acid uma kunezinkinga ngethusi le-metabolism ne-gout.
  2. Ikwazi ukuqoqa izinhlayiya zemvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo. Ngenxa yalokhu okuyingqayizivele, amaqabunga ayo amancane kuphela angadliwa.

Indlela yokukhula

Nakuba imali eningi evulekile iyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba esingakha futhi sikhule emhlabathini owodwa, ngaphansi kwelanga nasemthunzini, kungcono ukunamathela emithethweni ethile lapho uyikhula.

Izithombo ezikhulayo

Ukukhula ngale ndlela kukuvumela ukusheshisa ukuqoqwa kokuqala (kakade ekuqaleni kukaJulayi) amajikijolo kanye nemvelo. Ukwenza lokhu, qala ukuqala izithombo ezikhulayo ekuqaleni nangaphambi kuka-Mashi, izinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi akufanele lidlule + ama-10 degrees. Imbewu ifakwa emabhokisini angaphambili okuphekwe (ukuze ugweme ukulimala okungadingekile ohlelweni lwempande lapho ukhetha emhlabathini ovulekile) ngobubanzi obungamamitha angu-5 ububanzi.

Kubalulekile! Isipinashi esidala nesesimweni kabi emzimbeni womuntu.

Bese ufafaza kancane ngenhlabathi bese uphefa usuka kumfutho. Ngeke kulimaze ukumboza ibhodlela ngefilimu ye-polyethylene ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhluma, okungukuthi, ukwakha umphumela wokushisa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-14 imbewu izokhuphuka, khona-ke ifilimu kufanele isuswe.

Lapho izithombo zikhula futhi zizovela emaqabunga amane kuya kwesithupha, kufanele zifakwe emhlabathini ovulekile noma izimbiza. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngenyanga noma ngaphezulu ngemuva kokuhlwanyela.

Ukulima imbewu

Kungcono ukutshala umnkantsha wamaqabunga amaningi enhlabathini evundile futhi enezinyosi. Ebusuku bokuhlwanyela, imbewu kufanele icutshungulwe: faka isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate noma ukulungiselela okukhethekile imizuzu engu-20-30. Le nqubo izovimbela izifo ze-fungal futhi ijubane ukukhula kwembewu izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine.

Emhlabathini ovulekile, ukuhlwanyela kungenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kweqhwa eliqhakazile, emibhedeni elungiselelwe ngaphambilini kuya ku-2-3 cm ejulile, ngesilinganiso sesitshalo esisodwa endaweni ngayinye engama-40 kuya ku-40 cm. Imbewu ixubene nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso esisodwa kuya kwesithathu futhi ifakwa emithonjeni. Ukuze kuqiniseke, imbewu emithathu noma emine ifakwa emgodini owodwa. Ngemuva kokuba imbobo ihlanganiswe ne-can noma ibhodlela lepulasitiki elinqunywe, elisuswa masinyane emva kokuhluma. Njengoba zikhula, amahlumela abuthakathaka asuswe, ashiya izitshalo ezimbili noma ezimbili.

Uyazi? Ukutshala isipiliki isipinashi esingaba khona kungaba kuphela emigwaqweni nasemigwaqweni, kanye nasezindaweni ezingahambisani nokuphathwa kwamakhemikhali.

Abanye balimi benza imbewu encane ebusika emhlabathini, ngokufanisa nezinye izitshalo zemifino enonyaka owodwa. Kodwa ukuze uthole isivuno eside, ukuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele kwenziwe ngoJuni-Julayi. Khona-ke isivuno singasuswa kuze kube seqhwa kuqala.

Ukukhula phezulu efasiteleni

Ekhaya, ukwandisa umkhwama onama-multi-leaved nakho akulula. Kuphela izinga lokushisa elamukelekayo liyadingeka ekukhuleni okungedluli kuka -15 degrees, ukuchelela okuhle nokuphalaza. I-acidity yehlabathi ayikho ngaphansi kuka-7. Izithombo zokuqala emva kwezinsuku ezingu-20 kufanele zifakwe kabusha. Njengomanyolo we-fertilizer e-emulsion noma ufulawa kusuka kumbewu yekotton isetshenziswa. Phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokukhula, ukufaka umanyolo ngesisombululo se-nitrogen futhi uqaphele ukuba ungalimazi izimpande, ukhulule umhlabathi, kuyadingeka.

Kukhona futhi enye indlela.

Ikhadi lasekhaya elifesiteleni kuyithuba elihle lokumisa umndeni wakho ngemifino emisha noma imifino nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Funda indlela yokukhula efasiteleni: i-dill, i-cilantro, i-chervil, u-anyanisi eluhlaza, i-arugula, i-oregano, i-ulethisi, i-pepper, i-cherry utamatisi ne-basil.

Imbewu yesipinishi ihlwanyelwa ekujuleni kwe 2-3 cm embizeni ye-peat enobubanzi obuyi-5 cm kanye nobubanzi obuyi-7 ukuya kwangu-10, bese ibhodlela lifakwa emhlabathini. Ebusika bamba ummbila bese bewuthatha ekhaya. Izindlu zingafakwa ebhodini noma efasiteleni. Imithetho yokunakekela ichazwe ngenhla.

Isiko lokunakekelwa

Lapho izitshalo zisabuthakathaka futhi zincane, zidinga ukuphuza nokuphuza. Ukuphuza okunengqondo nakho kuyadingeka ukuze ngokuhamba kwesikhathi amajikijolo abe ngamanzi amaningi.

Futhi, isidingo sokunisela ukwanda kwezinkathi ezishisayo nezomile. Nokho, lokhu akusikho konke. Ukwandisa usayizi amajikijolo kudinga ukondla njalo, ngaphandle kwawo, amajikijolo ayoba mkhulu futhi azohlala encane. Njengoba isondlo sokuqala, i-ammonium nitrate isetshenziselwa ukulinganisa isipuni esisodwa se-nitrate ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi.

Bese ukondla umlotha wokhuni kanye nendaba ephilayo (ngesilinganiso samanzi angu-1 kuya ku-5 ahlanjululwe ngamanzi amaningi), khona-ke ukondla kukhiqizwa umanyolo ongasetshenzisiwe kanye nobunamaminerali (isibalo: 30-40 g ngalinye ngamaminithi ayi-10 l). Isidingo sokwehla silahleka ngokukhula okuphawulekayo kwe-zhmida - amagatsha ayo agqamile nje agqoke ukhula.

Sincoma ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ungasusa kanjani ukhula oluvela ensimini, yiziphi izinhlayiya ezizosiza ukuzisusa nokuthi iyiphi ithuluzi lokukhetha ukukhipha ukhula ngezimpande.

Ngaphansi kwesisindo samajikijolo, amagatsha azowela kancane kancane emhlabathini, khona-ke isidingo sokuba i-garter yabo iphakame. Noma kunjalo, kwenziwa ngezinhloso kuphela - ukulondoloza ukuhlanzeka kokuvuna.

Kulula ukubhekana nezitshalo ezingafaki ukupheka isipinashi - udinga nje ukuzilondoloza ukhula ngesikhathi futhi uvikele ukuvuthwa kwamajikijolo.

Ukulondoloza

Ukuhlwanyela okulandelayo, imbewu eqoqwe kusuka amajikijolo okuqala futhi amakhulu futhi avuthiwe asetshenzisiwe. Amajikijolo ahlangene kufanele axoxwe ngokucophelela nge-gauze noma ephepheni (ungaphinda ubekwe ekhayeni) futhi omisiwe.

Kungenzeka futhi ngenye indlela: ukugcoba amajikijolo, izinsuku ezimbalwa ukugcwalisa amanzi. Ngokushesha nje lapho i-pulp enomuncu, hlamba imbewu futhi ngamanzi. Imbewu ekhulile ngokugcwele iyoba nomnyama omnyama, cishe umbala omnyama. Imbiza yamagalasi noma iphepha lisetshenziselwa ukugcina imbewu yesipreji esipinashi. Hlala endaweni epholile enomswakama ophansi.

Kubalulekile! Isipinashi sipinashikhi sinamandla okuzala ngokuzihlwanyela. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme ukukhula kwawo okungahleliwe ngonyaka ozayo, amajikijolo kufanele asuswe ngokucophelela.

Ezimweni ezinjalo, ngeke zilahlekelwe impahla yazo iminyaka eminingana. Kodwa yona i-zhminda ingahle iqhwa. Efrijini, ngeke ihlasele futhi izothatha izindawo ezithile eziwusizo.

I-sipinashi yesi-Strawberry iphinda ithandwa futhi iyavame kakhulu emasimini asemifino nasemasimini angaphambili. Futhi lokhu konke kungenxa yobuhle nobuhle bayo.