Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi imifino emihle yokuvuna idinga usizo oluncane. Isibonelo, lapho utamatisi uqala ukuthela izithelo, zingadinga ukondliwa okungeziwe: uma inhlabathi isiphelile, utamatisi sekhulile kusayithi iminyaka eminingi noma ukuphathwa okufanayo akukwenziwanga kusengaphambili. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, kudingeka uqonde ukuthi ngesikhathi ngasinye sonyaka okhulayo kukhona uhlobo olufanele lomanyolo olungalimazi isitshalo bese ugcwalisa kahle lezozinto ezingekhoyo okwamanje ezidingayo.
Uyazi? Utamatisi uyinhloko ye-chocolate ye-calories ephansi kakhulu, ngoba i-pulp yayo ayiqukethe i-serotonin encane, ngakho ungathuthukisa isimo sakho sengqondo ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngesimo somzimba wakho.
Uma usondla?
Phakathi nonyaka, ukondla utamatisi kwenziwa izikhathi ezintathu: ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo, phakathi nenkathi yezimbali kanye nokuqala kwe-ovary, phakathi nenkathi ye-mass fruiting.
- Ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo, amahlathi amancane adinga i-nitrogen. I-nitrojeni - isici esiyinhloko eshukumisa ukukhula kobukhulu obuhlaza, ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwayo okusebenzayo kudliwe kakhulu kakhulu. Kunengqondo ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi umanyolo wenezelwa enhlabathini, okuqukethe ngobuningi: usawoti, urea, njll. I-nitrojeni isungulwa izinsuku ezingu-15 ngemuva kokufika emhlabathini. Khona-ke ukondla kwenziwa futhi, amasonto amabili emva kokuqala.
- Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali - ngalesi sikhathi utamatisi udinga i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Kuhle ukusebenzisa i-yeast dressing, i-superphosphate, ingxube ye-iodine nobisi phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, futhi ukupuniza ngamanzi a-boric nakho kuyoba nethonya elihle kwi-ovary yesithelo.
- I-mass fructification - lapha uzodinga i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Izitshalo zokugqoka ezimbili zokugcina zisetshenziselwa okufanayo, umahluko, mhlawumbe, kungenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi se-fruiting, zonke izinhlobo zomquba kufanele zinciphise noma zisetshenziswe uma kunesidingo.
Izinhlobonhlobo eziphezulu kakhulu zokuvumela ziyi-tomato "Bull Heart", "Caspar" ne "De Barao".
Izici zokudla ngesikhathi se-fruiting
Ngesikhatsi fruiting, umanyolo ocebile phosphorus ne-potassium kufanele isetshenziswe, futhi i-nitrogen kufanele igwenywe ngalesi sikhathi. Kuyaziwa kahle ukuthi i-nitrogen iyakwazi ukwandisa ubukhulu bezithelo kanye nobuningi bayo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ijwayele ukuqoqa inyama yemifino, ngaleyo ndlela ibe yingozi empilweni yabantu. Okulandelayo, sibheka ukuthi singadla kanjani utamatisi besebenzisa amakhemikhali wendabuko namakhemikhali.
Uyazi? Utamatisi ikhasi elitholakala esikhunjeni sezotamatisi, njengezinqathe. Imfihlo yokuthi kungani utamatisi ebomvu, kunokuba i-orange, njenge-izaqathe, ilele ukuthi i-peel of utamatisi iqukethe i-anthocyanin, eyabangela umbala obomvu. Ukulinganisa kwalezi zingubo ezimbili kunika umbala obomvu.
Amakhambi omphakathi
Masiqale siqonde ukuthi ungayondla kanjani utamatisi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukusebenzisa umquba wamakhemikhali.
- Ingxube yomlotha, i-iodine ne-boric acid. I-ash iqukethe uhlu oluphelele olulandelayo lwezici ezilandelwayo esitshalweni esitshalayo, ngaphezu kwalokho, isisombululo esinama-iodine ne-boric acid yi-fungicide emihle ngokumelene nezinambuzane nezifungi. Isixazululo sokusebenza silungiswa ngale ndlela elandelayo: I-1 kg yomlotha ihlanjululwa ngamalitha angu-7 amanzi abilayo, avunyelwe ukuma usuku; ingxube igcwaliswa ngamanzi kuze kube umthamo we-10 l ne-1 jar ye-iodine kanye no-10 g we-boric acid. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye sathele 1 l yalezi zimali. Umanyolo wenza okukodwa.
Ukuntuleka kwePotassium
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu nge-mullein noma izinkukhu ze-inkukhu nge-Mortar noma iKemira. Lungiselela isisombululo se-mullein ekuhlungeni okujwayelekile (1: 6) bese ufaka "Kemira" noma "I-Mortar" ngesilinganiso se-1 tbsp. l izimali ze-10 l zesisombululo se-mullein. Izidakamizwa zingahlanganiswa nesisombululo sezinyoni zezinyoni endaweni yokuhlushwa kwe-1:20. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye sezinhlobonhlobo ze-utamatisi yenza 1.5 amalitha esisombululo, futhi ngaphansi kwe-2-2.5 amalitha.
- I-Serum Isixazululo se-serum ne-iodine sisetshenziselwa ukondla ama-foliar futhi senziwa cishe ngesonto. Ukuze ulungise isisombululo, hlanganisa i-litre elilodwa le-serum namaconsi angu-20 e-iodine, bese uhlunga ingxube ngamanzi angu-20 l. Sula ingxenye ye-vegetative esimweni sezulu esomile nesokuthula, ekuseni noma kusihlwa.
- Amanzi a-Boric. Ukufafaza ubukhulu obuluhlaza ngamanzi e-boric kuzokwenza isithelo sibe mnandi futhi sikhulise okuqukethwe koshukela kuwo. Ukucubungula okunjalo kwenziwa esigabeni sokuqhakaza, kodwa kusukela utamatisi kuyizitshalo ezivuselelayo, kungenzeka ukuthi ufefaza endaweni yesithelo. Isixazululo samanzi a-boric senziwe ngesilinganiso se-1 g we-asidi nge-1 l yamanzi.
Ukuntuleka kwe-boron
- Imvubelo Ukuze ukondle utamatisi, imvubelo ebukhoma ihlanganiswe ne-nettle extract kanye nomuthi wokhuni. Isixazululo singasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sezimbali, kodwa siwusizo ikakhulukazi ekubunjweni kwama-ovari kanye ne-fruiting, njengoba imvubelo isishukela sezithelo.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe imvubelo yokugcoba kuphela ezindaweni ezikhungethe inhlabathi enamandla, ngoba ama-yeasts akhuthaza umsebenzi webhaktheriya, ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo obalulekile, kukhishwa i-nitrogen eningi. Khumbula ukuthi i-nitrogen eyingozi ngokweqile ingaphansi kokulahlekelwa kwayo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokulayisha izithelo.
Izidakamizwa ezithengiwe
- Superphosphate - ukulungiswa okuqukethe ama-phosphates amaningi emvelo, atholakalayo emakhemikheni angenawo amanzi futhi ahlushwa kahle izitshalo. Ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwesithelo, isitshalo singalahlekelwa ku-85% we-phosphorus eqoqiwe, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcwalisa inani laso ngesikhathi.
Ukuntuleka kwe-Phosphorus.
- Auxins (noma amalungiselelo asekelwe ezihlotsheni) - kushukumise ukwakhiwa kwezithelo ezintsha, ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa nokukhula kwazo, kanye nokwandisa isethulo. Lezi zinto zemvelaphi ye-hormone zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ngokuhambisana nama-cytokines. Isidakamizwa esasetshenziswa kakhulu futhi esivamile esisekelwe ezihlotsheni - "Kornevin" - kuvamise ukusetshenziswa ekutshaleni izithombo noma ezinye izitshalo ezithatha ukufakelwa. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe isivuno esiqeshini se-fruiting, i-alpha naphthylacetic acid (i-NUA noma i-KANU) isetshenziswa. Isidakamizwa sisebenza kakhulu, kodwa uma sihambisana nemigomo yesingeniso, asiqongeleli ezitsheni zezitshalo, akuyona into enobuthi futhi kuhloswe ukuthi kusetshenziswe kabanzi. Itholakale ngendlela ye-powder greyish noma ephuzi ephuzi embala, i-soluble emanzini kanye nezixazululo eziphilayo. Amanani kanye namazinga okufaka isicelo aboniswa kuphakheji.
Hhayi umanyolo
Kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa isivuno hhayi nje ngosizo lwamanyolo, ubuchwepheshe obufanele bokulima bezitamatisi ezikhulayo kufaka phakathi ezinye izimfihlo eziningana ezingabalulekile ekukhuleni imali.
Kubalulekile! Ukusika isiqu kungenziwa kuphela uma utamatisi uthululwa, ngoba emva kokusika utamatisi awusasetshenzisiwe, kodwa uzomane uphuze.
- Kanye ngesonto kudingeka ukhethe iqabunga elidlulele phansi kwehlathi. Susa amaqabunga angu-1-2 ngasikhathi sinye, uchithe amaqabunga asondelene kakhulu nomhlabathi (cishe uthintane), futhi usondele eduze nalawo maqabunga asevele athulule. Kusuka phezulu - lapho ama-brushes akha khona, amaqabunga aphuli.
- Ngemuva kokuqala kwe-fruiting ezinhlobonhlobo ze-utamatisi, qopha iziqongo ukuyeka ukukhula kohlaza oluhlaza futhi ukwandise ukuvuthwa kwezithelo. Ukuphoqa noma ukugcoba kwenziwa njengenjwayelo, endaweni engama-45 ° ebangeni elingu-5 cm kusukela embhedeni wokugcina we-fruiting.
- Uma udinga ukususa imifino ebomvu kakade kusukela ehlathini, kunendlela eyodwa ekhohlisayo kakhulu: lokhu, ngokunqunywa kwe-stem kwenziwa cishe ngo-2-3 cm emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, uqala ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okugqugquzela ukuguqulwa kwama-chloroplast kuya kuma-chromoplast futhi utamatisi uthola umbala obomvu omuhle.
- Ukuhlela ukufika. Ukuhlela okunempilo kuzokusiza ukwandise isivuno, ngoba izibalo ezilula: izihlahla eziningi - izamatamatisi amaningi. Kodwa kukhona "kodwa." Iqiniso liwukuthi isilinganiso sendawo eyodwa. Isiqephu se-m kufanele singabekwa amahlathi angaphezu kwezingu-4, uma ubeka izitshalo eziningi - ngeke zinike isivuno esiphezulu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uma kunezihlahla ezimbalwa kule quadrature, isivuno sizophinde siwe. Inkinga ixazululwa ngendlela eyodwa ekhohlisayo: ukuze uvumelane nezinye izihlahla ensimini, khetha nje izitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili - izihlahla ezine ezide kanye nezihlahla ezine ezikhulayo. Tall uhlale phansi ohlangothini olusenyakatho, futhi unqotshwe - kusuka eningizimu. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo aziphazamisani, ngoba inkathi yabo ekhulayo iyenzeka ngezindiza ezahlukene futhi zonke izihlahla ziveza isivuno esihle.
Funda ukuthi ungamanzi kanjani uhlanganise utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile.
- Uhlelo lwempande lokukhula. Ukukhishwa kwamandla ngokufakwa kwamakhamera angeke kwenzeke uma lesi sitshalo sisobala nje kuphela ukuze sondle kahle izithelo. Ukwakha uhlelo lwempande ka utamatisi oluhlaza. Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela ngomhlabathi omanzi futhi kuphela ngezikhathi zokukhula okusebenzayo kohlelo lwempande. Izigaba ezikhulayo zokukhula kwenqubo yezimpande zenzeka esigabeni sezitshalo ezithuthukisiwe (lokhu kungaqondakala ngokubonakala kwe-hillocks encane engxenyeni engezansi ye-stem) nesigaba sokuqala sokuqhakaza.
Kubalulekile! Utamatisi yizitshalo ezithandekayo, futhi ukwanda kwamahora omusi kuyathinta kakhulu ubungako kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo. Ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuphazamisa amahora omusi, inani lokukhanya lingalawulwa ukuma endaweni: isikhala sezitshalo kusuka enyakatho kuya entshonalanga, futhi ukutshala kuzohlale kukhanya.Manje uyazi izinqubo ezimbalwa zezolimo ze-agronomic ezisetshenziselwa ukwandisa isivuno sotamatisi, kodwa kudingeke sikhumbule ukuthi ukugqoka okuphezulu okusebenzayo kusadingeka kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi se-fruiting. Ukufaka umanyolo ngalesi sikhathi kungumnikelo omncane walokho okumele ukhiqize izitshalo ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ubukhulu obuhlaza kanye nezimbali. Ngezikhathi ezehlukene zonyaka okhulayo, lesi sitshalo sidinga ama-microelements ahlukene futhi ngezikhathi ezihlukene zenkathi ekhulayo itholakala yiyo ngokuhluke ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke, uma umzuzu ulahlekile, ngeke ubuyiselwe. La maphuzu kufanele acatshangelwe ekunakekeleni utamatisi.
