Ukukhetha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezikhishwa ngamakhukhamba, ngokuvamile kunzima ukunquma ngenxa yokungabaza ekuvuneni, ukumelana nezifo, ukunambitheka izici kanye nokuhlelwa kwezici, ukulima, ukugcina. Kulesi sihloko sizocubungula yonke imibuzo ejabulisayo mayelana nekhukhamba ephakathi kwe-Ekol F1-enye yezingcono ezintsha zokukhetha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo balala izinzuzo nezindleko ezihlukahlukene.
Umlando wokuzala
Amakhukhamba akhulunywa eBhayibhelini. Kodwa ikhukhamba yesimanje ye-varietal mid-season "Ecole F1" yasungulwa yi-Syngenta Seeds (i-Syngenta Seeds B.V.), inkampani eyenziwe ngokukhetha imbewu. Uhambisa imakethe ngembewu namuhla. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwe-Ekol F1 kwaba ngo-2001. Futhi ngo-2007 izihlukahlukene zafakwa ebhalweni. Imbewu itholakala ngokuwela "imigqa ehlanzekile", edala isivuno esikhulu ngemuva kwemigqa yezinhlobonhlobo zabazali.
Uyazi? Emvelweni, kukhona isitshalo se-herbaceous esinegama elithi "Mad ikhukhamba": uma ivuthiwe, "ihlumela" imbewu engu-6 ngamaphesenti ngaphansi kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kwezithelo.
Izici nezimpawu ezihlukile
Ake sibheke izici zamakhukhamba "Ecole" bese uqala ngencazelo eningiliziwe yezinhlobonhlobo.
Hlola lezi zinhlobo zamakhukhamba: Libelae, Meringue, Spring, Hector f1, Namacici Emerald, Crispina f1, Taganai, Paltchik, Colonel Real, Umncintiswano.
Izihlahla
Lesi sitshalo sikhululekile futhi side. Siyabonga ngokucophelela kuma-internodes amafushane. Unamahlumela ambalwa, ukukhula kwe-stem eyinhloko akunamkhawulo. Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubukhulu obuphakathi nendawo encane. Ukuphumula ngokuphelele ekucindezelekeni.
Unomhlobo wesifazane wesibhakabhaka, luqhakaza ngezimbali - kuvela izithelo eziningana kwi-node eyodwa. "I-Ekol F1" ibhekisela eqenjini le-parthenocarpic, futhi emazwini afinyelelekayo - nzalo eyimpova yokuvuthwa kokuqala.
Izithelo
Ubude bamakhukhamba bufinyelela ku-4-10 cm, kanti ubukhulu bufinyelela ku-95 g. Izithelo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezinemibala emifushane ekhanyayo kanye namanani amancane. Zinomumo osibusayo futhi omuhle we-cylindrical ngamagundane aphakathi nendawo nama-white spikes of high. Ubude nobubanzi bokutshala obuluhlaza obuncani kuya ku-3.2: 1.
I-rind incane. Inyama i-crispy, ithenda nephunga elimnandi. Phakathi nendawo ayikho voids, ukunambitheka kuhle kakhulu: okumnandi, ngaphandle kokufutheka (isici sofuzo).
Uyazi? Ikhukhamba iqukethe amanzi angu-95%. Futhi ngenxa yamakorikhi angu-150 nge kilogram, ikhukhamba ngumkhiqizo wokudla.
Ukuthela
Ngezinombolo, lilingana okungenani amathani ayi-12 ngehora elilodwa. Ngisho noma sithatha umphumela wabalinganiselwa abangu-293 ehektheleni elilodwa, lokhu kakade sekuyi-72 engama-hekthara angu-1 ngaphezu kokuvuna kwezinhlobo ze-Aist, isibonelo. Imifino kwenzeka ngezinsuku ezingu-42-48. Emasontweni amabili okuqala of fruiting - amasampula amathathu izithelo. Ukuvuna akupheli kuze kube ngo-Okthoba ekuqaleni.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Ikhukhamba "Ecole F1" - inhlobo ehlonishwayo ye-hybrid. Isetshenziselwa ububanzi obubanzi: ukukhethwa, ukulondolozwa, ukusetshenziswa okusha. Okuhle kunakho konke, kubonisa ukunambitheka kwifomu elifakwe emanzini anosawoti kanye nosawoti.
Izinzuzo
Lekhukhamba ngokuthembeka - yonke ikhukhamba ikhukhamba:
- Ungaqiniseka ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesivuno esiphezulu nesisimeme. Inikeza yonke i-node yayo ye-fruiting ngenxa yama-ovari ayisishiyagalolunye ngaphandle kwempova.
- Ama-Pickles nama-gherkins ngobuningi ngenxa yokuthi uhlobo lwembali luqinisekisiwe.
- Ukunambitheka kwe "Ekol F1" kuhle kakhulu.
- Imakethe i-75%, futhi isitoreji ngaso sonke isikhathi ungumngane omuhle wekhwalithi.
- Ngeke ihlupheke ngegciwane lesigqebha segwayi noma isikhumba se-powdery, indawo emnyama (i-kladosporioza), isifo esingenasifo.
- Ukungathobeki lapho ukhula.
- Isici esihlukile sokwehlukahluka "i-Ekol F1": izithelo azisetshenziswanga lapho isomiso, ukungabi namanzi okuphuza, kodwa akuwa, njengezinye izinhlobo.
Kubalulekile! Iyini iF1? Isibonakaliso sithi lezi ziyimbewu ye-hybrid yesizukulwane sokuqala. Okusho ukuthi, endaweni encane, uzothola izithelo eziningi. Kodwa imbewu eqoqwe ngeke ibe yinto efanelekile yokuzihluma ngonyaka ozayo.
I-Cons
- Imifino e-spiny iyakwazi ukufaka umgqomo futhi ibonise ukunambitheka okungathandeki lapho iphuma ngaphandle kwesikhathi.
- Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezilonda nge-downy isikhutha (i-peronosporozom).
- Imbewu ayifanele ukutshala ngonyaka ozayo uma iqoqwa ekhaya.
Ukukhuka ukhukhamba ngendlela engenambewu
Ukuhluma nokukhula kuhlelwe ukuvula umhlaba nokugcina izithombo zokugcina, izindawo zokugcina izithombo kanye nezindawo zokuhlala zokulala nefilimu. Njengoba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zingenakuzithoba, sizocubungula indlela ephumayo yokusakaza.
Isikhathi esiphelele
Ukuphela kukaMeyi yisikhathi sembewu yokutshala kwezulu lase-Ukraine. Ukushisa okudingekayo kokushisa kwenhlabathi ekujuleni kwe-10 cm kuyi-15 ... +16 ° C (ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizokhula kancane). Okunye okuphawulekayo lapho ukushisa komusi kufika + 22 ... +24 ° C, futhi ebusuku - ukushisa ngo-18 ° C. 
Ukukhetha indawo
I-Medium loamy nenhlabathi evulekile ifanelana ngokuphelele, futhi Ukuvikelwa kwemimoya nokukhanyisa okwanele kuyadingeka. Indawo yokutshala ngonyaka wamawambane, u-anyanisi, i-pepper, i-legumes, iklabishi ifanelekile.
Kubalulekile! Uma ungumuntu ohambisana ne-rassadnogo indlela yokukhula, khumbula: ukukhetha kuyinto iphuzu elibuthakathaka lamakhukhamba. Isitshalo ngasinye sinalo "ikhaya" lalo. Ukuhlwanyela kunconywa maphakathi no-Ephreli, futhi kubalulekile ukutshala emhlabathini emva kwenyanga.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Imbewu yezinhlamvu ezineminyaka engama-2-3 eminyakeni engakafiki ngaphambili, futhi iyosebenza ngokuphumelelayo kulezi zithuthukisi zokukhula ("Epin" ne "Zircon" noma isisombululo se "Nitrofoski" namanzi ngomlotha - 1 tsp: 1 litre: 1 tbsp. ). Uma imbewu ingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 ubudala, iyakhuphukela ku-60 ° C. Imbewu kufanele ihlale emgodleni omanzi noma esitsheni sinesixazululo ekushiseni kwe + 25 ... +30 ° C kuze kufike ukuvuvukala okubonakalayo izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ukulungiselela isayithi
Uma uhlela ukukhula ukhukhamba "Ecole F1" ngonyaka ozayo, kodwa inhlabathi ayifanele - ekwindla sekuyisikhathi sokucebisa inhlabathi ehlanganisiwe neyinkimbinkimbi ngokufakelwa kwezinkuni. Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu ofuna ukuyihlaba phansi, engeza umquba owomile noma umquba.
Imbewu yokuhlwanyela: iphethini nokujula
Uma utshala kubalulekile ukugeleza ngqo emgodini noma engadini ngaphambi kokuba imbewu ivele khona. Bahlwanyelwa emibhedeni kuya ku-3 cm ejulile kanti ibanga lisuka ku-15-17 cm. Imigqa ephakathi kwemigqa kufanele ibe ngamasentimitha angu-60 kuya ku -55. Izimbobo nazo ziyavumelana, ngamunye anganciphisa imbewu ephansi ka-1.5-2 cm kusuka komunye nomunye.
Kubalulekile! Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala kubalulekile ukumboza imbewu etshalwe ngefilimu uma izinga lokushisa liwehla ebusuku.
Izici zokunakekelwa
Nakuba "i-Ecole F1" futhi ulwame izimo ezikhulayo, qaphela: amanzi, ukhula, ukhula, ukhulule inhlabathi, ukondla.
Futhi uma ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuvunwa okuphezulu, ngenxa yalokho, kufanele "ugwebe" ama-knots angu-6 ukusuka phansi ezitsheni ngasinye. Lokhu kusho - susa i-ovary yezono. Imfihlo iphinde ibe negalelo ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwempande oluqinisiwe. 
Ukuqina kwezihlahla akufanelekile ukuvimbela izifo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukulahlekelwa kokunikezwa kwemifino noma isihlahla sonke. Izinsuku ezingu-10 emva kokutshala, zinciphisa amahlumela ebangeni elingu-10. Ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwamaqabunga, inqubo kumele iphindwephindwe, ishiya 20-25 cm phakathi kwamahlathi.
Kubalulekile! Izitshalo ezingadingekile, kubalulekile ukususa, hhayi ukudonsa enhlabathini, kodwa ngommese. Ukudla kuzokuvikela uhlelo lwempande zezitshalo eziseduze.
Ukunisela
Amanzi amaningi ikhukhamba kuyimfuneko ngenxa yendawo yenkambiso engxenyeni engenhla yomhlabathi. Ngenxa yokuntuleka, ikakhulukazi ehlobo elishisayo, ukunambitheka nombala, kanye nokuvunwa, kungase kuhlasele. Ngaphambi kokuchichima, amanzi kufanele aphuze njalo emva kwezinsuku eziyisihlanu, kusukela lapho i-ovary ivela khona, njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-3-4, nakwezinye izimo, kanye kanye nezinsuku ezingu-2-3.
Kunconywa ukuba uchithe izitshalo ngamanzi afudumele athuthukiswe ku-+25 ° C ngosuku ngosuku elangeni emgqonyeni ngamanzi kusihlwa noma ekuseni. Indlela engcono yokupakisha (ukuchelela), ukuze ungalimazi izimpande zezitshalo. Ukuphuza kwelanga kungabangela ukushisa emaqabunga. Esikhathini sezulu sezulu, lapho izinga lokushisa lihla, amanzi amancane kufanele aphuze; ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlelo lwempande luzobola.
Ukuphalaza okuvimbelayo
Kumele kuqale ngokubonakala kwamaqabunga amathathu okuqala esiqwini futhi ngaphambi kokuvela kwesithelo. Isixazululo se-0.05% sezidakamizwa "I-Quadris-250 / SC" noma isixazululo esingu-0.02% se "Pharmiod" sisetshenziselwa ukuxoshwa kwe-prophylaxis.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ikhukhamba ikhula phezulu, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukunikeza ngokugcwele inani elidingekayo lezinto ezilandelanayo eziwusizo. Siza u-"Ekol F1" ukufaka umquba, futhi uzokunika isivuno. Isikhathi sokudla - amahora amane ngaphambi kokuchelela. Emva kwenqubo, qiniseka ukuthi ugeza umanyolo emaqabunga, ngoba angabangela ukushisa.
Lapho amaqabunga amabili okuqala evela emva kokufika, isixazululo singalungiswa: 10 l amanzi + 10 g ngayinye ye-ammonium nitrate, usawoti we-potassium, i-superphosphate. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili, udla kabusha, kodwa kabili inani lezimboni ezomile. Njalo izinsuku ezingu-7 kusukela ekuqaleni kwe-fruiting, isisombululo sama-10 amalitha amanzi kanye no-30 g we-potassium sulfate kufanele sengezwe.
Qalisa
Ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene "ze-Ekol F1", ukuhlakulela okulungile kakhulu kusekela ukubamba amahlathi. Le ndlela ivumela ukwandisa isivuno ngenxa yenani elikhudlwana lamahlathi kanye nekhono lokugwema ukusakazwa kwezifo (cishe njalo lapho uxhumana nomhlabathi). Ukunakekelwa kwamahlathi nakho kunciphisa ngesikhathi. 
Ukuze usetshenziselwe ukusekelwa, welula i-trellis wire, intambo noma ama-lattic ensimbi, izinkuni. Kususiwe wonke amahlumela asungule 30 cm ngezansi ukusekelwa. Ungaphuthelwa isikhathi lapho isitshalo sikhula waya: ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuwufaka ngokuphindwe kabili nxazonke ze-trellis, ukuwehlise phansi uphinde ugcize iphuzu lokukhula, uphinde ususe amaqabunga amathathu.
Ukuvuna nokugcina isivuno
Isayizi enhle yamakhukhamba "Ecole F1" lapho kuvuna - 5-7 cm (amadoda aluhlaza). Ama-Pickles afinyelela ku-3-5 cm ubude, futhi i-gherkins - ayikho ngaphezu kuka-8 cm, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kuka-4 cm.
Kubalulekile ukuqoqa ukhukhamba njalo izinsuku ezimbili ekuseni noma kusihlwa, ngesikhathi esisodwa ukukhipha amahlumela aphuzi namaqabunga abolile. Izithelo "I-Ekol F1" iyashesha futhi ingabi kufaneleki - ayinambitheka, inkulu, inzima. Ukukhethwa kwansuku zonke kuzohlinzeka inombolo enkulu njalo yamakhukhamba nokwandisa isivuno.
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, udinga ukuba uqaphele ngangokunokwenzeka ungalimazi izitshalo! Ungasebenzisa i-pruner noma ummese, ushiye isiqu esiteshini. Futhi ukuzinakekela izandla zakho, gqoka amagilavu ​​womsebenzi.Ikhukhamba yokuqala ivela emasontweni ayisithupha emva kokutshala imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile. Ungaqhubeka ukuvuna kuze kube ngoSepthemba-Okthoba. Uma ufuna ukutshala ikhukhamba endaweni efanayo ngonyaka ozayo, qiniseka ukuthi ususe zonke izithelo futhi uvela ensimini.
Impilo yesheluli yezithelo ezintsha - izinsuku ezimbalwa (okukhethwa kukho okungcono - 5) endaweni epholile futhi enobucayi. Esiqandisini - izinsuku ezingu-7. Futhi ephaketheni ngendwangu emanzi, ungakwazi futhi zonke izinsuku ezingu-10!Hlola izinzuzo nezinkinga ze "Ekol F1" bese ukhetha! Ikhukhamba yakhethwa ngumbusi wamaRoma waseTiberius, uNapoleon kanye namafiriya aseGibhithe.
