Ukukhanyisa ngokwemvelo kungenye yezindawo zokuqala ekuphileni kwakho konke okuphilayo, kodwa akuzona zonke izinto eziphilayo ezingashukumisela isikhathi esifanele ukuba sibe ngaphansi kwelanga. Kuyoba ngumbuzo wezitshalo ezisezingeni lokukhula okukhulayo futhi zidinga ukukhanya okungeziwe okuzosizwa izibani zezithombo ukuze zihlinzeke ngazo.
Ukubaluleka kokukhanyisa
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ukukhulisa izithombo ezinamandla ukukhanya kuyisici esibalulekile. Futhi ebusika nasekuseni kwentwasahlobo, lapho izitshalo ezintsha zithola amandla, usuku lwemvelo olushisa ilanga lungcono kakhulu.
Kulesi simo, imithombo eyengeziwe yokukhanya, njengezibani, iya ekuhlanguleni. Ukugcwalisa izitshalo ekhaya kumele kuhambisane nesigaba sokuthuthukiswa kanye nenhloso yokulima, ngoba ukukhetha kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela.
Umbala ngamunye we-spectrum ekhanyayo unesici sakhe:
- obomvu neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - kushukumisa izinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba, ukwandise ukwenziwa kwe-chlorophyll, ukusheshisa izithombeynthesis;
- orange - ijubane up fruiting, isetshenziselwa zokugcina ubusika ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwezithelo;
- ophuzi nohlaza kuyimbala ebalulekile ngesikhathi sokukhula, kubonakala kalula izithombo;
- i-ultraviolet - inomthelela we-bactericidal, okuvimbela ukukhula kwezinto ezilimazayo.
Uyazi? Ngesikhathi sokuqala ukukhanya kwezimila ngosizo lwezibani kusetshenziswe ngo-1868. Lokhu kwenziwa ngumsayense waseRussia, u-Andrey Famintsin.
Naphezu kokuba isitshalo ngasinye sinesidingo saso esiqondile sokukhanya, ngoba ukungabi khona kwe-photosynthesis kunciphisa, i-biomass ikhula kancane, kanti izithombo ziqala ukulimala. Izinga elifanele lokukhanyisa umkhawulo we-lux elinesishiyagalombili. Ubuchwepheshe bamuva, okuwukuthi ukukhanyiswa kwezitshalo ekhaya, kuzosiza ukuletha izithombo ngokusondele kakhulu kwimingcele efunayo futhi kufezeke ukukhanya kwezinto eziyisithupha ze-lux.
Izidingo eziyisisekelo
Uma wenze isinqumo sokukhulisa izithombo wena ngokwakho ekhaya, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungabheka nini uma ukhetha imithombo eyengeziwe yokukhanya. Cabanga ngendlela Izidingo kumele zihlangabezane nesibani:
- ukuze ukhule ngokugcwele, kungcono ukhethe amadivayisi avela umbala obomvu noma obomvu;
- Inhloso eyinhloko yomthombo wokukhanya okungeziwe kufanele kube ukukhanyisa, futhi hhayi ukugqoka ngokweqile nokukhulisa izinga lokushisa lomoya;
- Imisebe yokukhanya kumele ibe yithambile;
- isitsha kufanele sibheke ngokulinganayo futhi ngokuphelele.
Ukuqapha okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe ekukhanyeni lapho ukhula izithombo zika pepper, utamatisi, i-parsnip, ama-strawberries, iklabishi ye-savoy, isitshalo seqanda.
Ukuze uthole izithombo eziphezulu, kubalulekile ukuthi ubale ngokufanele isikhathi sokukhanyisa okungeziwe, okuzoxhomeka emandleni wedivayisi, kanye nebanga ukusuka kulo kuya phezulu. Ungabheka ukushisa kwamafutha okushisa kwedivayisi ngokufaka isandla sakho ebusweni okhanyiswayo, bese uzwa ukushisa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, noma izinhlobo zezibani zokukhanyisa izithombo
Namuhla imakethe igcwele izinto eziningi zokukhanyisa ezisiza ukuthola inani elikhanyayo lokukhanya. Noma kunjalo, abaningi banesithakazelo sokukhetha indlela efanele yokukhanyisa izithombo nokuthi yiziphi izici ezithandwayo.
Kubalulekile! Noma yiluphi uhlobo olukhethiwe lokukhanyisa ukugcina amandla lunganikezwa ngezikrini ezikhanyayo. Ukuze udale, kunele ukunamathela ezinhlangothini zesitsha ngephepha noma emakhadibhodi amhlophe.
Isitembu se-Incandescent
Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi ukuze izitshalo zithole isilinganiso esifanele sokukhanya nokushisa, kwanele ukufaka izibani ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile phezu kwezithombo. Nokho, amadivaysi ajwayelekile awunayo imibala edingekayo yombala ukukhanyiswa okugcwele kwezitshalo.
Ukusebenzisa umthamo omkhulu kagesi, baguqula kuphela u-5% wokukhanya, kanti konke okuguqulwa kugugu. Ngenxa yalokho, izitshalo azitholi ukukhanya, kodwa ukushisa okwengeziwe futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukudoba noma ukushisa emaqabeni kuyatholakala. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwama-incandescent ama-bulb akusiwo ophumelelayo njengamanye athola ukuthandwa namuhla.
I-fluorescent
Isibani se-fluorescent - enye yezinketho ezinhle kakhulu ukuthola i-ultraviolet ebaluleke kakhulu izitshalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukukhula okujulile kwezithombo zombala ezigcwele kuzokwenzeka. Ubani lo mbala oholela ekunciphiseni izinga lezinambuzane ze-pathogenic.
Izinzuzo ezengeziwe zokusetshenziswa ukungabi khona kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu esibani, okwenza kube lula ukugcina i-microclimate oyifunayo ezungeze izitshalo. Naphezu kwezikhathi ezinhle, izibani ezinjalo zikhona ezinye izinkinga. Lokhu kubandakanya ukungabi khona kwenombolo edingekayo yamagagasi engxenyeni ebomvu ye-spectrum.
Futhi, abanamandla amaningi, ngakho-ke, umphumela osheshayo nawo awutholakali. Ukuthola umphumela oyifunayo, ibanga elivela esibani kuya ezitshalweni kufanele libe ngu-20-30 cm. Amandla afanele angama-watts angu-40.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezibani zokukhanyisa okwengeziwe kwezitshalo kuzokuvumela ukuba ukhule i-arugula, utamatisi, ama-strawberry, anyanisi aluhlaza, i-lemon balm kanye ne-mint ekhaya.
I-sodium
Izibani ze-sodium zibhekwa njengeziqhakazile uma ziqhathaniswa nabanye. I-spectrum yemisebe yabo ngokugcwele isiza ukukhula kwezitshalo. Zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: ingcindezi ephansi nephezulu. Lezi zinsuku zisetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa izithombo ekhaya futhi ziphuthume ukuvuthwa kwezithelo.
Amanye amalungu alenhlangano ane-mirror reflector, evumela ukuthi uhlanganise indawo enkulu, egcina imali. Amaphuzu angalungile okusetshenziswayo ukushisa okuqinile nokungavikeleki kokusetshenziswa, njengoba ngokukhiqiza ukusebenzisa i-mercury ngenhlanganisela ye-sodium.
Lezi zibani azikwazi ukushintshwa uma amaconsi amandla abekhona ngaphezulu kuka-10%. Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa elimnandi kuholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kwezibani ezinjalo. Amandla amampu akufanele abe ama-watts angaphezu kuka-100.
Kubalulekile! Izibani ngezibani ze-sodium azivunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuba zifakwe esitolo esilula. Kubo, udinga ukusebenzisa imishini ekhethekile, ama-chokes namadivayisi we-pulse-incendiary.
Ukukhanya kwe-LED
Izibani ze-LED zezithombo ziyakwazi ukuthandwa phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo kanye nabalimi. Ukusebenzisa ukukhanya okufanayo nezithombo kuholela emiphumeleni elandelayo:
- ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa komgogodla;
- ngenxa yokushisa okuncane, isibani singafakwa cishe eduze kwezitshalo;
- Esikhanyeni kukhona amadidi wembala ehlukene, evumela ukuthi uthole imibala ebomvu neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngesikhathi esifanayo;
- ukuphepha okuphezulu okusebenzayo kunciphise ukulahlekelwa okungenzeka;
- ukuntuleka kokumisa kanye nomswakama oshisa ngokweqile;
- ukungabi nemisebe encane ye-infrared.
Ama-Phytolamps
Ama-phytolamps ayizinsimbi eziyinkimbinkimbi, intengo yabo incike kwizici zobuchwepheshe: amandla, ukukhanya, ubukhulu, i-angle kanye nendawo yokukhanyisa, ukushisa kwecala nokuphila komsebenzi. Ukunquma ukuthenga lelo divayisi futhi ukucinga ulwazi lokuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-fitolampa yezithombo, kubalulekile ukucabangela zonke izici ezingenhla.
Le mithombo elula ibhekwa njengendlela elula yokusebenzisa, okwezomnotho ngempela futhi ayidingi ukupholisa okwengeziwe. Ama-fitolamps amaningana azosusa ngokuphelele ukukhanyisa kunoma yikuphi ukushisa okuluhlaza. Ukungahleleki kokusebenzisa isibani esibomvu yilokho ukukhanya kungabangela abantu ukuphathwa ikhanda.
Uyazi? Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukushintshwa kwezinkathi ezikhanyayo nezomnyama. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuvula ngezikhathi ezithile uphinde uvale ukukhanyisa. Isilinganiso kufanele sikhethwe kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwesitshalo.
Ukukhanya okungaphezulu
Ukukhanya ngokweqile nakho akuyona into engathandeki, njengoba kunzima. Ngenxa yomunyu Izimo ezilandelayo zingase zenzeke:
- amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala wawo wemvelo;
- izimbali zivela ngokushesha kakhulu;
- amaqabunga angase agubungelwe amabala afana nokushisa, futhi aqhwafa futhi afe.
Ukwazi imingcele eyisisekelo yokuzikhethela, imibuzo ephathelene nokukhethwa okufanele kwesibani akufanele iphakame. Ukuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho ye-post-ukukhanyisa kuyokuvumela ukuba uthole izinto ezinhle zokutshala futhi, ngenxa yalokho, isivuno esikhulu.
