Cishe bonke abafuyi bezinyosi be-amateur basebenzisa imiklamo ye-hive unikezwe noma ukuguqulwa kwayo. Igama lezinyosi lalihlonishwa nguCharles Dadan -I-beekeeper yaseFrance, ngubani, ngokusebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa okuthuthukisiwe kwesikhathi sakhe, wasungula ukwakhiwa kwesidumbu esisodwa somzimba ngesakhiwo esikhulu esikhulu se-quinby 11 ngenombolo kanye nezitolo eziningana phezulu. Isungulwa esiphumelele saqala ukusebenzisa abalimi bezinyosi baseYurophu.
I-Swiss Blatt yenyusa inani lamafomu kuya ku-12 futhi yenza indlu yezinyosi ibe yendalo engokwezinyosi kanye nesisu. Isihlahla sikaDadan-Blatt sathuthukiswa sinezinhlobo zanamuhla zesinye isilwane sezinyosi - u-Edward Bertrand.
Humushela incazelo emuva ku-isiNgisi Humusha Incazelo Dadanovsky house for bees
Ukuze kube lula, izinhlobo zanamuhla zithiwa "isidleke sikaDadan" noma nje "dadan." Azisetshenzisiwe ekukhiqizeni izimboni zobusi, kodwa abathandi bayabathanda, bazisa ubukhulu obuncane besakhiwo esisodwa, esinenzuzo ebalulekile: izandiso ezikhethekile zesitolo zisetshenziselwa ukugcina amasheya ezinyosi. Alula futhi akhululekile, kabili ubukhulu becala.
Kubalulekile! Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ikhono lokukhipha uhlaka noju, kunokushintsha umzimba. I-beekeeper ye-amateur iyakwazi ukubhekana nomsebenzi wedwa, okubonisa ukungahleleki okulula.
Isimiso sokusebenza nomklamo ukukhipha phezulu kwamasango okudla okuqinile okuhlala kuyo uju, ukuthatha uhlaka nalo, ngaleyo ndlela kuvuselele izinyosi ukubuyisela imiqulu elahlekile, ukuhlinzekela ngale njongo uhlaka olusha olungenalutho.
I-bee colony ingaba ebusika esakhiweni esisodwa, ubukhulu be-hive buyivumele. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni zobusika obuphelile, izinyosi zidinga ukondliwa, njengoba zidla ukudla kwazo. Njengoba kunikezwe amandla okusebenzisa isidleke, ukuphazamiseka kubekezeleleke kakhulu.
Uyazi? I-bee colony idinga cishe ama-kilogram ayi-250 uju ukondla unyaka ngamunye. Uma kunganele, izisebenzi zezinyosi, ukuzidela ngokwabo, ziyafa ngaphambi kokuntuleka kokubaluleka futhi isibeletho sibhekene nenye umonakalo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-beehive kunikelwa ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi sokuqoqa amaqoqo uju esilinganiselwe besebenzisa izitolo, kanye nangesikhathi sokufumbathisa okuhle, ngokufaka izigaba ezilingana nomzimba omileyo.
Ubaba unezilinganiso ezijwayelekile: 450 x 450. Izindonga zenziwe ngamabhodi angu-37-millimeter ngaphandle kwe-podshnishnika nophahla. Ebonakala ngaphandle, umklamo unamaphesenti angu-524 x 524.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-dadan inombolo yamafomu. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, zazivame kakhulu kulo lonke i-Union.
Uma ufuna ukuthola umkhiqizo we-bee oyigugu kusuka ezintweni ezihlukahlukene zokusetshenziswa kwe-wax, funda indlela yokwenza ukuhlanzwa kwe-wax ngezandla zakho.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
Zonke izinhlobo zemibukiso ye-hive dadan zisetshenziswa kabanzi, ukukhiqizwa kwazo kulungiswa futhi kudingekile. Okuthandwa kakhulu kukhona amashumi ayishumi nambili uhlaka lokuguqula.
Zitholakala kwezohwebo futhi zenziwe kalula. I-beekeeper e-amateur uyakwazi ukwenza isidleke ngezandla zakhe emva kokufunda ubuchwepheshe.
Uyazi? Kuzovela esibelethweni sesibindi noma inyosi esebenzayo, kuxhomeke ekudleni. Ukwakheka okuthile kwondlo kuvumela ukuthi izitho zangasese zithuthuke esibelethweni esizayo.
Ifreyimu engu-10
Umswakama unikezwa ubude obungaphansi kwesigamu esingu-10 kune-"frame" naye. Ukuba ubaba, ubheka njengomuthi omncane we-rutovsky. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kubafuyi bezinyosi abasebenza ngemiklamo ehlukene e-apiary efanayo. Ngakho, zombili izinhlelo zinezici ezivamile eziguquguqukayo. Sibheka ngamapulangwe, ama-bottoms, izitolo, ama-honey-half-frame. Izingxenye ezimbalwa ezingasetshenziswanga - isikhala esiningi sesitoreji siyadingeka.
Imidwebo yama-dadans angu-12 no-10 ahlaziye afana ngokufanayo, ngaphandle kobuningi bezindonga zangaphambili nezingaphambi kwecala, kanye nesitolo. Kukhona umbono wokuthi lena isifuba se-rutovsky eshintshwe ngaphansi kohlaka luka-Dadanov. Yonke imiklamo inezinto ezivamile futhi eziyinhloko - ifreyimu, ubukhulu besitolo sesigamu sesigamu sincishiswe kusuka kumamitha angu-300 kuya kwangu-145.
U-Dadan amafreyimu angu-10 anomthamo omncane, okwenza kube lula, ngakho-ke kulula ukuhamba. Kungcono ukuwusebenzisa emphakathini, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona isifumbathiso esincane, isibonelo, lapho uya ezintabeni ukuqoqa uju lwe-chestnut.
12 ifreyimu
I-beehive inikezwe ama-12 ozimele iningi elifunwa abafuyi bezinyosi. Kuyinkinga yesikwele enezandiso eziningana zesitolo, uphahla, ipuleti lokuphahla kanye nesezansi - izithulu noma ezitholakalayo. Ukuqinisa phakathi komzimba nezandiso kufaka isicelo. Icala lifaka amafreyimu ajwayelekile angu-12 ngobukhulu bamamitha angu-435 x 300. Isandiso ngasinye sesitolo sinesigamu esifanayo se-435 x 145 millimeters. Kukhona namaphutha amabili.
Ngaphakathi kufanele zivumelane namasayizi ajwayelekile, ngaphandle (kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu bamabhodi) zingashintsha ngobukhulu.
Uju lukude kakhulu nenani elilodwa umuntu athola ngenxa yezinyosi. Imikhiqizo yezinyosi ezifana ne-pollen, inyosi yezinyosi, i-wax, i-propolis, i-podmor, i-drone ubisi nayo isetshenzisiwe.
Indlela yokwenza ubaba u-Dadan ngokwakho
Kukhona abantu abakhetha imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngezandla kumiklamo ethengwe. Laba abathanda ngempela, abathandi bomsebenzi wabo, bayakwazisa lokho abanakho futhi balungele ukwenza konke okusemandleni abo.
Ukwenza i-hive dadan akulukhuni kulabo benzi. Ziyadingeka amathuluzi, izinto zokwakha, izandla nokuphefumulelwa. 
Uyazi? Umchamo ngamunye unomuntu ozwakalayo, inhlayiya, njengesihluthulelo, izinyosi zigcina endaweni ekhethiwe yomzimba bese zibeka kubalindi lapho befika. Akunakwenzeka ukuba inyosi enephunga elimangalisa lingene ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuhlala.
Ukulungiselela indaba
Ukuphila kwendlu yezinyosi akufanele kube ngaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi. Kungenzeka ukunweba ngokulandela imithetho:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezenziwe ngekhwalithi;
- Ukusetshenziselwa kahle nokuhlangana kwezingxenye;
- Isikhathi sesikhathi (kanye eminyakeni engama-2-3) imibala yezinyosi.
I-hive efanelekayo itholakala kulezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- Fir;
- Ate;
- Ipineyini engacacile;
- Umsedari.
Izinkuni kufanele zomiswe, umswakama awufanele udlule u-15%, kufanele ube ne-straight-layered, ungabi nama-wormholes, u-cracks nobomvu, mhlawumbe ungenawo ama-knots. 
Kubalulekile! Uma ukutholakala kwefindo kwakungeke kugwenywe, kufanele okungenani kube mncane, kunempilo, kunamathele emapulini futhi kungatholakali ekugcineni kwengxenye. Iphoyinti elibolile noma ukudonsa kufanele likhishwe, livalwe ngokuqinile nabokugcina besebenzisa i-glue engenamanzi. Isikhumba esenziwe kusukela ehlathini elifanayo.
Okudingayo ekwenzeni ifreyimu nomlenze
Ukuze uhlaka oludingekile ukulungiselela:
- I-Hammer;
- Insimbi yensimbi;
- Amapulangwe kanye nezinwele;
- UShilo;
- Izipikili zesikhumba;
- Dry omncane billet stock.
Ukuze wenze isidleke, uzodinga:
- Izinkuni ezifanelekayo;
- Glue ukukhetha;
- I-Hammer;
- Izimbambo ezimbalwa;
- Ungakwazi ukupenda;
- Umshini womhlanganisi;
- Isihluthulelo.
Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Njengoba unenhloso yokwakha isidleke ngezandla zakho, kufanele uthole imidwebo, ngoba lokhu kuyakhiwa okujwayelekile, futhi impumelelo yomcimbi iyoxhomeka kubukhulu.
Ifreyimu inamabanga amancane kuwo wonke ama-hive womklamo we-Dadanovsky - ama-435 x 300 amamithamitha.
- Ukuvuna ama-slats omile kufanele ahlanganiswe esebenzisa izipikili noma iglue. Ngosizo lokuthunga, yenza izimbobo emagcekeni ohlangothini wokudonsa ucingo.
- Bamba ithayela kubo, babambe ndawonye usebenzisa iziphephelo kanye ne-awl.
- Sika i-loop ngomgodi wokugcina, uvikele ucingo.
- Susa ngokweqile ngama-pliers.
Ifreyimu ingasetshenziswa ngemuva kwenqubo yokuxhuma.
Ekukhiqizeni isidleke, kufanele uqaphele ngokucacile ubukhulu obuboniswe emdwebeni. Eyingxenyeni engenhla phakathi nendawo kukhona umnyango ovelele ovalwe ngu-10 x 12 cm. Ngaphambi kwayo kunebhodi lezindiza elihamba nge-4-5 cm. Umnyango ophansi unikezwa ibhodi le-bolt nezindiza. 
Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
- Emshinini ukucubungula izinkuni, uthathe amabhodi, ubukhulu - amamitha ayizi-37-40;
- Sika izimpande zokuxhumana phakathi kwezindonga;
- Sika ama-slats 18 x 4 mm;
- Yakha isihlangu kubo ngokusebenzisa i-glue kanye ne-clamp;
- Hlanganisa leli cala, ulilungise nge-glue nezipikili;
- Paint isidleke;
- Phuma iminyaka;
- Yenza ama-air angama-1.4 cm ububanzi;
- Uphahla lwakhiwa ebhodini eliphakathi kwamamitha angu-15 ubukhulu futhi emva kokuqeda umsebenzi uphathwa ngokugqoka amanzi.
- Ephahleni, futhi, shayela izimbobo ezimbalwa.
Uyazi? Kukholelwa ukuthi izinyosi zithande ukukhetha okubomvu, okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi nohlaza, kodwa uzwela alunqunywanga umbala njengokuba khona kwe-pollen ne-nectar.
Izinzuzo nokungalungi komklamo
Ukusebenza nomcuba waseDadanovsky kunezici zayo, ezinye zazo, ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene, zingabonakala kuzo kokubili izinzuzo nezinkinga.
- It has usayizi ophansi, okuyinto, Nokho, kungcono iqoqo okungahleliwe uju. Ukususa uphahla nokuqinisa phezulu ngenetha, kungcono ukulayisha imifantu emibili imigqa eyodwa ngenhla, ukushintsha imigoqo yokuhambisa umoya futhi, ngokuqinisekile, ukuvikela ngokucophelela.
- Ngenxa yokuthi izindlu zixhunywe phansi, isidleke sinomakhiwo oqinile.
- Inombhalo ewanele ebusika.
- Unomthamo ophansi uma uphahla uma uqhathaniswa nama-hull models.
- Abathandi bezinyosi bezinyosi bangakwazi ukulawula kahle impilo yomndeni wezinyosi futhi baphendule izidingo zayo lapho besebenza namafomu, ngenkathi i-corpus isebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa ayinayo indlela ehlukile.
- Amanye ama-dadans ayi-12-frame ahlawulelwa ukutholakala kwamafreyimu angu-10, uma kudingekile ukuhamba.
- Ngenxa yokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwamafreyimu angu-12, inqubo yokwenqatshwa ayinqatshelwe.
- Kunzima ukuhlinzeka izinyosi uhlaka lwebusika, olugcwele uju, ngokuvamile lufanele lunikeze ngokugcwele.
- Okuncane kakhulu kwezinyosi ezimbili zezinyosi.
Ukudala izimo ezifanele ukuze izinyosi zizalwe futhi zidale uju othakazelisayo, funda nokuthi ungayenza kanjani inyosi ngezandla zakho.Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-hive lunamakhono afinyelele abantu abathandayo, nezinkinga okufanele ubekezelele. Umhlathi kaDadan-Blatt ukwanelisa izidingo ze-apiary encane yama-amateur, kulula ukugcina ngisho nomuntu oyedwa futhi ikuvumela ukuba ulandelele umndeni wezinyosi, ugcwalise yena olahlekile. Lolu khetho alulona isilinganiso sezimboni, lapho kuzobe kungasebenzi khona futhi kungadingekile isikhathi sokudla.
