Izinhlobonhlobo ziyaziwa ngezolimo zasemakhaya iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Esikhathini esidlule, wayekhona ngempela ensimini yonke, futhi namuhla ukhohliwe kancane ngenxa yobuningi bezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula. Nokho, labo abahlala bethembekile kuye, bathola isivuno sama-apula amahle nge ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu.
Incazelo yama-apple izinhlobo "I-Cinnamon striped"
Ukuze uzuze izinzuzo zomuthi wensimu, kuyafaneleka ukutadisha ngokucophelela incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ze "Cinnamon Striped".
Izici zomuthi
Umuthi omdala onamandla futhi ohamba phambili udala umshanelo noma umqhele we-pyramidal, owedlule isikhathi. Amagatsha amancane ashisayo omnyama omthunzi omnyama afaka wona, ahlanganisa amahlamvu eduze naphezulu, ashiya ngokungafani avela ngezansi.
Zibonakala ngombala obomvu obumnyama, umumo ohlangene, imiphetho ejijimile, indawo ebanzi kanye ne-pubescent. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla se-apula "I-Cinnamon Striped" kungaphezu kwesilinganiso, okumele kucatshangelwe uma utshala.
Futhi ungafunda mayelana nokulima kwezihlobo ezilandelayo: "Berkutovskoe", "Currency", "Sun", "Zhigulevskoe", "Northern Synapse", "Sinap Orlovsky", "Ukugcwalisa okugcwele", "I-Silver Hoof", "Orlik", "Ukuqothula", "Semerenko", "Gloucester".
Izimbali zivela entwasahlobo: ezimhlophe kanye pink, usayizi ophakathi, amacembe avaliwe kancane. Zinephunga eliphikelela futhi elimnandi eliheha izinambuzane.
Izici zesithelo
Izithelo zokuqala zivela esihlahleni kusukela ngonyaka wesithupha wokuphila kwakhe, kodwa ezingavamile kakhulu. Ukuvuna okuhle kakhulu kungavuna kusukela ngonyaka weshumi wokuphila komuthi.
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa sama-apula "I-Cinnamon Striped" kubhekwa njengokuncane. Izithelo zokuqala zivuthwe ngoSeptemba. Awakhiwe ngaphesheya kwegatsha lonke, kodwa kuphela ekupheleni kwamahlumela, ngakho-ke ukuhlukahluka kunzima ukufakazela ekuzinikeleni okuphezulu.
Uyazi? Ngokokuqala ngqa, u-V. A. Levshin ukhumbula ukuhlukahluka komsebenzi wakhe othi "UMbusi, noma Umyalelo Osebenzayo Kuzo Zonke Izingxenye Zokulima" kusukela ngo-1810. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-38, umlimi wezithelo waseMoscow uN. A. Krasnoglazov wachaza kabanzi. Kodwa kukholelwa ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zavela ngaphambi kokuzimela, ngenxa yempova yemvelo.
Isisindo esilinganisweni sezithelo ngu-70-90 g, noma kunjalo, ama-apula angathululelwa ku-120 g. Ekuqaleni aqoshwe umbala obala obala, futhi njengoba evuthwa ayishintsha ukuze aphuzi ngemivimbo ebomvu namacwecwe.
Inyama iluphuzi, i-pink ngaphansi kwesikhumba ebushelelezi, kunalokho ilukhuni. Ukunambitheka kwama-apula kunamnandi, kumnandi, kunomvutha omuncu futhi omuhle wesinamoni. Izinzuzo ze-apula "I-Cinnamon Striped" yomzimba akuyona nje okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini, kodwa futhi nokuqukethwe kwekhalori eyamukelekayo yezithelo - cishe i-45 kcal nge 100 g yezithelo.
Izinzuzo nezingozi zezinhlobonhlobo "I-Cinnamon striped"
Njenganoma yikuphi okunye okuhlukahlukene, inezinhlangothi zayo ezihle nezingalungile, okukhethwa kuzo noma abalimi abenqaba ukusebenzisana nayo. Izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene zihlanganisa:
- ikhono lokuvumelanisa cishe nanoma yiziphi izimo zezulu (izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinyosi izithelo ezifundazweni eziseningizimu nasenyakatho yezwe);
- ine-high resistance resistant (ngisho ephakeme kune "Anis" noma "Antonovka");
- Izithelo zinezinsuku ezinde (cishe izinyanga ezingu-2-3);
- ahluke ephunga elimnandi nelinambitha;
- bheka kubheka kakhulu.
Phakathi kokushiyeka kwezinhlobonhlobo yilokhu okulandelayo:
- kusukela umqhele womuthi uhamba kakhulu, kudinga indawo enkulu yokukhula;
- ukutholakala nezifo ze-apula ezijwayelekile;
- uma ingane ithola umonakalo omncane wokumangalisa, ihlehla ngokushesha;
- Izithelo zinokuqukethwe okuphansi kwevithamini C;
- isikhathi sekwephuzile sokungena e-fruiting;
- Ukuthela i-apple "I-Cinnamon striped" ephansi, kufika ku-150 kg ngonyaka ngezikhathi ezinhle kakhulu, futhi isisindo sama-apula sisincane.
Kubalulekile! Ngezinye izikhathi umuthi unezikhathi eziningi ze-fruiting. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izisekelo kufanele zifakwe ngaphansi kwamagatsha, ngoba ngokuvamile azivumelani nobukhulu besitshalo.
Ukuvotela kwe-apula "I-Cinnamon ezimthende"
Izinhlobonhlobo akuzona ukuzitholela impova, kungumuthi ozikhulayo. Ukuze kutholakale isivuno, kubalulekile ukutshala ezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula eseduze.
Izinhlobo ezinomakhelwane ezifana ne-Pear yaseMoscow nePapirovka zithonya kakhulu izitshalo.
Enye indlela esiza ukuphinda kabili isivuno sezinhlobonhlobo yi-apiary, okumele ibekwe eduze kwe-apula noma kude.
Uyazi? "I-Cinnamon striped" yaba ngumsizi wezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 eziningana okwamanje ezidumile: "Aelita", "I-Cypress", "Injabulo ye-Autumn", "Medunica" kanye nabanye. Kodwa okudumile kakhulu kuhlale "I-Aninoni Inaninaphu" futhi "I-Cinnamon Smoky". Akubona nje ukuthi banombala omuhle wezithelo, izihlahla ze-apula ngokwazo ziphikisana nezifo eziningana.
Indlela yokutshala izithombo ze-apula "I-Cinnamon ezimthende"
Ukupula "I-Cinnamon striped" inikeze isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukutshala kahle nokuwunakekela. Indlela yokukwenza, sizoqonda kabanzi.
Isikhathi nendawo yokufika
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-apula yalezi ezihlukahlukene kuvela ngo-Ephreli 20 kuya kuMeyi 15. Ungase futhi uhambe ekwindla, kusukela ngo-September 10 kuya ku-Okthoba 15. Ukutshala izithombo kungenzeka entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Kodwa uma ungakwazi ukutshala isithombo ngalesi sikhathi, ungakwazi ukuyibeka kuqala kusayithi bese ushiya kuze kube entwasahlobo, bese utshala ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izidingo.
Ukuze ibanga elifanele kahle-hydrated, idliwe, inhlabathi evundile. Ngakho-ke, ibanga elingcono kakhulu lizwa ngokumiswa, loamy, leached chernozem nge-neutral acidity. Uma inhlabathi iyisihlabathi esikhulu, kudingeka wenze umquba wamaminerali.
Cabanga ngokujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Kubalulekile ukuthi ayisondelene naphezu kwamamitha amathathu kuya phezulu, kungenjalo uhlelo lwempande lomuthi luzolimala, oluzoshintsha umkhiqizo walo kanye nesimo esijwayelekile.
Esinye isidingo - ukutshala ama-apula "I-Cinnamon striped" kufanele kwenziwe endaweni evikelwe emoyeni. Kulukhuni ukuba izihlahla ezincane zivumelane nomhlaba ngezinomoya ezinamandla. Futhi kusayithi kufanele kube nokukhanya okwanele. Inani elincane elangeni lithinta kancane ekukhuleni kwesihlahla. Kodwa isivuno sizolahlekelwa yi-sugar content.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela ngaphambi kokufika
Ukutshala izithombo kudinga ukumba imbobo endaweni ekhethiwe. Kumele kube ubukhulu obufanayo ne-clod zobumba kuwo, futhi ube nokujula cishe kwesigamu semitha. Kodwa uma sikhuluma ngomhlabathi onesihlabathi, ugujwa ngamamitha ayi-square. Khona-ke umuthi uyoba nokutholakala kwamaminerali nomswakama.
Kubalulekile! Uma umgodi ukhulu, imbande izokwandisa ubukhulu obuluhlaza, futhi ingabi izithelo.Ngaphansi komgodi kwabeka ingxube ye-3 kg ye-vermicompost kanye no-3-4 kg we-manure. Kuzovikela izimpande ezivela eqhweni ebusika bokuqala, lapho isitsha sesitsha singakaze sishintshe izimo ezintsha.
Izithombo ze-Apple "I-Cinnamon striped" ngaphambi kokutshala nazo zidinga ukulungiselela. Ukuthuthukisa kahle umqhele, kubalulekile ukusika amagatsha. Amagatsha kufanele ahlanzwe kusuka emaqabunga ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-90, eshiya iqabunga ngalinye.
Ukutshala izithombo zobuchwepheshe
Insimu elungiselelwe ifakwe emgodini futhi izimpande ziqondiswe kuso ukuze zingakhuli ndawonye futhi zingagudli. Khona-ke izimpande zimbozwe umhlaba. Intamo yentambo kufanele iphenduke eningizimu bese iphakama 5-7 cm ngaphezu kwendawo.
Umhlaba ozungeza isiqu kumele uvinjiswe phansi, udale isigundane nxazonke, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi umhlaba uzohlala futhi isiqongo sizolingana nomhlabathi. Manje isayithi lokuthutha kufanele lisetshenziswe kakhulu ngebhakede lamanzi, nokuningi. Umuthi kufanele uboshwe ukuze ungaqhutshwa umoya.
Indlela yokunakekela i-apula "I-Cinnamon Striped"
Isivuno semithi yezitshalo sithonywe ubuchwepheshe obufanele bokulima be-apula ukulima. Yiziphi izici zokukhula lokhu okuhlukahlukene?
Zingaphindwa kangaki ukugeza
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuphuza umuthi ngendlela efanele kanye nemvamisa edingekayo. Kuyadingeka ukuyichitha ngenyanga okungenani izikhathi ezine: amabhakede amabili ekuseni kanye namabhakede amabili kusihlwa. Ukunisela okuncane okumele kube njalo kufanele kube ngesikhathi sokubeka amaqabunga esizini esizayo (ngoJulayi no-Agasti), kanye nokuvuthwa kwezithelo (ngo-Agasti-Septemba).
Ukunisela ukuchelela kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokunisela, ongayenza ngamabhodlela epulasitiki.
NgoSeptemba, ukuphuza kancane kancane kuncishiswe ukuze amanzi engabutheleli enhlabathini ngaphambi kobusika. Esikhundleni salokho, ngaphambi kokuba kubanda, umbuthano we-pristvolny uyathandeka ukuba uhlanganiswe nomquba noma i-sawdust. Kodwa-ke, uma ihlobo likhona kunamvula, kungcono ukungabi ukubandakanya ekunkeleni, njengokungapheli komswakama kuzobhubhisa i-apula.
Ukudla nini futhi kanjani
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kanye nomanyolo we-apple-tree kwenziwa entwasahlobo nasekupheleni. Entwasahlobo, umquba usetshenziswa, cishe 5-10 kg per square imitha. Yengezwa 40 g we-ammonium nitrate ne-nitroammofoskoy noma i-500 g we-urea. Ekwindla, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise umanyolo we-nitrogen-free eziyinkimbinkimbi zemaminerali ezihloselwe izihlahla zezithelo.
Ukusika izihlahla
Njalo ngonyaka kufanele kukhishwe. Lokhu kuzokwandisa isivuno somuthi, ukunambitheka kwesithelo futhi ngokuvamile kuthuthukise isitshalo. Ukunakekela i-apula kuhilela ukusika izihlahla, okwenziwa ngo-Ephreli ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqhakaze.
Okokuqala, amagatsha asebegulayo, omdala nabomisiwe asuswa entwasahlobo. Nquma amagatsha ancike emhlabathini. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, ekwindla bangaphula ngaphansi kwezithelo, bayilimaze i-cortex, lapho izifo ezihlukahlukene zingena khona.
Kanye nabo kuyadingeka ukususa amagxolo afile, okuyinto ezoba ukuvimbela kakhulu izifo zefungal. Ekugcineni, kufanele kube namagatsha aqinile futhi aqine.
Kubalulekile! Ngesinye isikhathi awukwazi ukususa okungaphezu kwengxenye yesine yamagatsha, ngaphandle kwalokho umuthi ungase uhlupheke.
Ukuphikiswa kwezilokazane nezifo, ukulwa uma kwenzeka kunqotshwa
Njengoba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zingokwemvelo, hhayi ukuvuthwa ngokweqile, ayinayo igciwane lesifo ezihlukahlukene eziyisici sezihlahla ze-apula. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufeza ukuvimbela kwabo, ukuqapha umuthi kanye nesikhathi sokubhekana nezibonakaliso zokuqala zezifo.
Ezinambuzane ezinambuzane ngokuvamile zithinta umuthi we-sucker, ama-aphid, anzima ne-benzophosphate. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlaziya u-60 g wezidakamizwa ebhakede lamanzi bese uphefa isihlahla. Ngaphambili kuyadingeka ukususa igxolo elidala.
Ukuvikela isitshalo se-apple kusuka ezinambuzane kuzosiza izidakamizwa ezikhethekile - izinambuzane: "Decis", "Nurel D", "Actofit", "Kinmiks", "Calypso", "Bitoksibatsillin", "Karbofos", "Inta-vir", "Komandor".
Futhi isithelo se-red mite singahlasela umuthi. Ukuze ulwe, sebenzisa isisombululo sama-250 g we-nitrophene ebhakedeni lamanzi, elifakwe entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba izinso zivule. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuphatha lesi sihlahla ngesisombululo se-chlorophos (25 g ibhakede ngalinye lamanzi), okuzovimbela ukubukeka kwe-leafworm ne-tsvetoeda.
Esinye isilwane esivame ukulimaza isihlahla yisundu. Ukuze uyiqede, sebenzisa amabhande okuthiwa amicu. Ukuze uzenzele, zithatha iphepha, zifake ezinqabeni ezintathu bese zilungisa esihlahleni ngemva kokuhluma kwesihlahla.
Izinambuzane zigibela ngaphakathi kwemifantu, emva kwalokho ibhande lisuswa, lishiswe, futhi elisha lihleli endaweni yalo. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ekwindla, amaqabunga kanye nezithelo eziwile, lapho inambuzane ikwazi ukugubha khona, isuswa ngaphansi komuthi.
Kusukela ezifweni umuthi kaningi unayo powdery isikhutha, isikhumba. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, izihlahla entwasahlobo ziphathwa ngeBreeeaux liquid 3% ngethusi, potassium chloride 10% noma ngesisombululo se-urea nge-7%.
Futhi entanyeni yempande noma izimpande ngokwazo zingase zivele imfundo - okuthiwa umdlavuza wezimpande. Kumele kunqunywe yi-disinfecting izigaba ngesisombululo se-1% se-copper sulfate (100 g ibhakede ngalinye lamanzi). Ukuze kuvikelwe i-cytosporosis, i-trunk ibhalwa nge-sulphate yethusi ye-1%.
Ungakwazi ukulwa nezifo ze-apula ngosizo lwe-fungicides elandelayo: i-Antracol, i-Thiovit Jet, i-Colloidal Sulfur, i- Xom ne-Scor.
Isikhathi sokuvuna nokugcinwa kokuvunwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-apula "I-Cinnamon ezimthende"
Ama-apula avuthwe ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, futhi ekuqaleni kuka-September, ungabamba isivuno esikhulu. Ukuvuna kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimazi izithelo - i-apple transportability "i-Cinnamon Striped" iphansi kakhulu. Ngenxa yomonakalo omncane, i-apula ihlehla ngokushesha. Bafake emacaleni okukhuni noma uwabeke phezu kwendwangu.
Gcina izithelo ekamelweni elipholile elinokushisa kwe-0-4 ° ะก enomswakama ophansi. Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolisise njalo isivuno bese ususa izithelo ezingcolile ngesikhathi, kungenjalo isitshalo sishabalalisa masinyane konke. Ngesitoreji esifanele, singakwazi ukuqamba amanga ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3, kuze kube nguDisemba - Januwari.
Naphezu kokuthi isisindo sama-apula "I-Cinnamon striped" siphansi, isivuno siyancane, ukuhlukahluka kuthandwa ngabalimi - ukunambitheka kwawo kuvele kuhle kakhulu. Ukunakekela isihlahla akulula, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuzivikela okuphansi kwezifo nezinambuzane. Kodwa noma yisiphi isitimu esinokuhlangenwe nakho sizobhekana kalula nalo msebenzi.
