Isitshalo seqanda (lat. Solánum melongéna) sibhekisela ezitshalweni ezinomsoco ezinomphela we-genus Ukukhipha. Izwe lakubo yiNdiya, i-Asia, neMpumalanga Ephakathi. Endle, isithelo sinombala obomvu futhi sisakhula eNdiya, sitholakala eBurma. Isitshalo esifanayo esinezithelo ezincane seChina. Njengesiko lokudla esaziwa isikhathi eside. U-Alexander waseMakedon nebutho lakhe bahlangana nezimfanelo zakhe zokuthakazelisa ngesikhathi somkhankaso wasePheresiya-Indian, ngo-331-325 BC. Etshalwe eYurophu, njengesiko ehlukile, yaqala kuphela ngekhulu lesishiyagalolunye. Kodwa kakade ngesikhathi esifushane kangaka inqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo yabonakala, ihluke kokubili ngesimo sesithelo nombala wayo.
Uyazi? Isitshalo seqanda (izithelo) yi-berry. Khulisa isitshalo sesitshalo singakwazi ukufika ku-1.5 metres.
I-Berry isisindo sesisindo kusuka ku-30 g kuya ku-2 kg. Amafomu nawo agcwele ukuhlukahluka: oblong, i-pear-shaped, spherical, ovoid. Umbala ungaba mhlophe, ophuzi, u-violet we-shades ehlukahlukene kuze kube mnyama, i-motley. 
Ikhalori nokubunjwa komkhiqizo
Isitshalo seqanda umkhiqizo wokudla. Okuqukethwe kwamafutha kuphansi - 0.1-0.4%, ushukela ohlangene no-2.8-4.6%, amaprotheni - kusuka ku-0.6 kuya ku-1.4%. Izithelo ziqukethe kuze kube ngu-19% i-asprobic acid, kanye ne-nicotinic acid, i-riboflavin, i-carotene, i-thianin ne-solanine-M (inikeza ukunambitheka okumuncu okungavamile). Kunezintanini, inani elikhulu le-fiber, i-hemicellulose. Ezimpawu zokulandelela - i-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-potassium, i-magnesium, ithusi, i-cobalt, insimbi, njll.
Kubalulekile! Qaphela isitshalo seqanda esinezinyosi ezidliwayo. Lokhu kungaholela ekukhulupheni.Ngokusho kokudla okunomsoco, isitshalo seqanda esiluhlaza sinama-kcal angu-24, abilisiwe - ama-33 kcal, inyama enama-stewed iba nondla kakhulu-cishe 189 kcal.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo
Isitshalo seqanda sinenzuzo enkulu yezempilo. Okokuqala, umkhiqizo wokudla. Inani elikhulu le-fiber, i-pectin nezinye izinto ezingenakunyakazwa yisistimu yokugaya umzimba, kepha zihlanze kahle, zenzele ekususeni kwe-cholesterol eyengeziwe emzimbeni. Uma usebenzisa lo mkhiqizo, ngezinga le-cholesterol egazini ngezinye izikhathi linciphisa libe ngu-40%. I-fiber encane ilawula ibhalansi ye-acid-base. Amafutha aphansi kanye ne-cholesterol exretion emzimbeni enza ukudla okunempilo kubantu ababhekene nezifo ze-vascular.
Funda futhi ngezinye izitshalo ukuthi i-cholesterol engezansi noma isuse emzimbeni: ukulala, i-quince yaseJapane, utamatisi, ama-blueberries, i-hibiscus, i-cloudberry, inhlanzi, i-jelly yasebukhosini, i-mountain ash obomvu, i-chokeberry, i-purslane; iplamu, i-hibiscus, okusajingijolo omnyama, izinhlobo ze-apula Gloucester, ithanga, u-squash.Qaphela ukuqina kwesifo sofuba, isifo se-coronary, i-gallstone nezinye izifo, imbangela yayo elele ngokweqile kwe-cholesterol. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphakeme kwethusi, amajikijolo ayasiza ekudleni kwegazi. Zenza iqhaza ekwakheni igazi, okwenza kube yizifiso kubesifazane abakhulelwe.
Isithelo siyasiza kubantu asebekhulile abaphethwe i-edema, izifo zenhliziyo. I-Potassium esitshalo seqanda ishukumisa inhliziyo, isuse uketshezi emzimbeni. Le mpahla inenzuzo ekwelapheni kwesifo sezinso, igciwane.
Ukuba khona kwethusi nensimbi kubangele ukwanda kwamazinga egazi we-hemoglobin. Kuthuthukisa ikhanda kanye nesikhumba.
Uyazi? Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nicotinic acid (i-vitamin PP), isitshalo seqanda siyasiza kulabo abafuna ukunqoba ukubhema. I-Nicotinic acid emajikijolo kusiza umzimba ukuba ubhekane nokulutha komuthi we-nicotine.Inani elilinganiselayo lamavithamini kanye nezakhi zokulandelela lisikisela ukuthi izinzuzo zesitshalo seqanda zomzimba kusobala.
Ukwelashwa kwezifo
Izinzuzo zama-eggplants kubantu azikhawulelwanga ukudla njengokudla. Kuyasiza ekwelapheni kwe-atherosclerosis, i-anemia, izifo zesigungu samathumbu, igciwane, izinso, i-edema. Ngaphezu kokudla okugcobe noma okuphekwe, uma kwenzeka izinkinga zokususwa kwe-bile kanye nomgudu wamathumbu, umuthi wendabuko uncoma ijusi layo. 
Uyazi? Amajikijolo amahle kunazo zonke futhi aphulukisa ahlanzekile. Izithelo ezinjalo zimbalwa futhi zine-oblong, zinembewu embalwa.
Ukuphuza ijusi
Iresiphi ilula. Izithelo ezincane zihlutshiwe, zigaqulwe zibe izingcezu ezincane bese zifisa ijusi. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-juicer. Uma unenkinga nge-secretion ye-bile - thatha izithelo ezivuthiwe, unqume ikhasi, uthathe iziqephu ezincane uphinde uthele amanzi abilayo. Bamba imizuzu engaba yishumi kuze kube yilapho iphuma, bese uyibeka emanzini okugeza. Bilisa imizuzu engamashumi amathathu nobunzima. Ukuphuza ukumnika ukuphuza nsuku zonke amaminithi amathathu ngaphambi kokudla.
Uyazi? EYurophu, isitshalo seqanda safika eminyakeni eyi-VIII-IX. ngesikhathi ukwandiswa kwe-Arab ngoMorocco. E-Afrika, lesi sitshalo sasilethwe ama-Umayyads aseMesopotamiya phakathi neminyaka emithathu engama-632-709 n. i-er Embusweni waseRussia weza emakhulwini e-XVII-XVIII kusukela ePersia naseTurkey eyinqobe.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo zama-eggplant omisiwe
Izithelo aziwusizo kuphela kwifomu elungisiwe. Zingahle zome. Le ndlela yokugcina ingcono kunokulondeka. Lapho ukhansela, izithelo zilahlekelwa izinto ezingamaphesenti angu-40, futhi uma ziqhwa, kufika ku-20%.
Yomile ngale ndlela: ugeze ngokucophelela futhi usike amajikijolo abe amapuleti amancane, uwafake emcongweni bese ubeka phezu kwehhavini uvule (noma isitofu esishisayo) amahora ambalwa. Amajikijolo kufanele abe omisiwe kancane, kodwa qinisekisa ukuthi ayomile futhi ashise. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-strung tincetu asehliswe ngaphakathi endlini futhi amiswe amasonto amabili emoyeni. Ama-eggplant abomile agcinwa endaweni epholile.
Uyazi? Ekudleni, isitshalo seqanda saqala ukusetshenziswa eYurophu kuphela ngekhulu le-XV. Ngaphambi kwalokho, abaseYurophu basebenzise kuphela njengemithi.Ama-eggplants omile abalulekile kakhulu kubantu ababhekene ne-hypertension. Indlela yokwelashwa ilula. Gweba tincetu ezomile zama-eggplants ngokusebenzisa i-grinder yekhofi bese uthatha i-powder okuphethwe kanye ngosuku, isipuni ngaphambi kokudla.
Funda mayelana neminye imikhiqizo ye ekwelapheni nomfutho wegazi ophezulu: impova bee, nokunye okufana nokolweni uju, umtholo, propolis, Honeysuckle, ugqumugqumu, amajingijolo engadini, cloudberry, saxifrage, foxglove, periwinkle, marigold, cardamom, Cape ugqumugqumu, ihhashi-isithombo, izaqathe, ithanga, Ugalonci.Ukuthatha i-powder nge isipuni ngosuku kuyoba ukuvimbela okuhle kwezinso zezinso nesibindi.
Ukumnika i-powder kungasetshenziswa njengesidakamizwa sokuvimbela nokubuyisela izinsini namazinyo. Ukulungiselela ukumnika kulula kakhulu. I isipuni se-powder esitholakala ngokugaya sithela ingilazi yamanzi abilayo futhi senzeke ekamelweni lokushisa. Yengeza isipuni setiyilu usawoti bese ugeza umlomo wakho.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
Isitshalo seqanda saqala ukudliwa njengomkhiqizo eYurophu kusukela ngekhulu le-15 kuphela. Izinzuzo zalo mkhiqizo ngokuyinhloko zikwazi ukulungiselela futhi ziwusizo emzimbeni. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zamavithamini nama microelements kunikeza umzimba womuntu izinto ezibalulekile. Okuqukethwe kwekhalori ephakeme emanzini okudla kunomzimba womuntu, kunikeza icala lokusebenzisa amandla.
Uyazi? Ezikhathini Ephakathi EYurophu, isitshalo seqanda sasinezinto eziyimfihlo ezavusa imizwa, ngakho yayibizwa ngokuthi "isithelo sothando."
Izithelo zalesi sitshalo zilosiwe, ziphekwe, zifakwe emathinini, zimiwe futhi ziphekwe. Yenza ama-saladi, pates. Zonke izindlela zilula futhi ezingabizi.- Ama-eggplant othosiwe. Amajikijolo ahlanziwe ngokuphelele, anqunywe emasongweni amancane, agwetshwe ngamanzi abilayo nosawoti. Khona-ke lezi tincetu zihlanganiswe ngofulawa futhi zithosiwe emafutheni omifino. Ama-anyanisi nawo anqunywa emasongweni futhi athosiwe kwi-skillet emafutheni omifino. Emva kwalokho, ama-eggplants okuthosiwe no-anyanisi abekwe emigqeni epulangwe futhi bathulule isoso. I-sauce isilungiswe esikhwameni sekhrimu omuncu kanye neyotamatisi ehlanzekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuletha izithako emathunjini futhi uzigcine kule ndawo ngomzuzu owodwa.
- Isitshalo seqanda ngo-ukhilimu omuncu. Amajikijolo ahlutshiwe, anqunywe zibe izingxenye ezimbili, abekwe imizuzu eyishumi emanzini abilayo anobisi. Umgogodla u-pre-cut, oqoshiwe ube yizicucu ezincane, othosiwe ku-griddle kumafutha yemifino. Bese kuxutshwe ilayisi elibilisiwe, izaqathe ezinamanzi kanye anyanisi, amakhambi ahlanzekile kanye neqanda elihlaza. Ukugxubha okugcwele okuphelile kwagcwalisa izingxenye ezintathu zezithelo. Elandwe ngendwangu yamakhemikhi omuncu, efafazwe ushizi oqoshiwe. Ifakwa kuhhavini imizuzu eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye bese ihanjiswa etafuleni.
- Amaqabunga aphekwe ngesiGreki. Amajikijolo anqunywa zibe tincetu, abilisiwe ngamaminithi angu-10 emanzini anosawoti. Ngemuva kwalokho, ubeke esitsheni (ibhodlela noma ubisi), usawoti, ufafazwe ushukela. I-garlic, ushizi obiwe kanzima, amafutha omnqumo ayengeziwe. Konke lokhu kuthululwa nge-tomato sauce. Ivala (ihlanganiswe), ifana kuhhavini futhi ipheka kuze kube yilapho isilungele.
Ukuqhathaniswa kokusetshenziswa
Kumele kukhunjulwe: kusukela isitshalo seqanda akusizuzisi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi silimaze. Ukudla kuzo kunezinombolo eziningi zokuphikisana.
Kubalulekile! Kuyingozi ukuba nezithelo ezingaphezulu noma ezingavuthiwe. Ngaleli fomu, amajikijolo anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-solanine-M. Ukugqitheka kwalesi sitho emzimbeni womuntu kubangela ukushisa kakhulu.Ukuze ugweme uketshezi lwe-solanine, kungcono ukubeka isithelo emanzini anosawoti imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu ngaphambi kokupheka. Ubuhlungu buphuma kumajikijolo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-solanine itholakala kuphela ngamajikijolo anombala obomvu, obuluhlaza nabomnyama. Izithelo ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhanyayo azinawo ubuthi ekubunjweni kwazo.
Uyazi? Ama-eggplants ngokupheka okungalungile angabangela ngisho nokucabangela nokuhlukumezeka. Ngenxa yalokhu, eNkathini Ephakathi eYurophu babizwa ngokuthi "insane apple".
Uma ukudla amajikijolo ngokweqile kungabangela ukuhlushwa. Kunconywa ukunciphisa ukungenisa ama-eggplants kubantu abahlukunyezwa yi-arthrosis, isifo sikashukela sokwehlobo lokuqala (okuxhomeke kwi-insulin), ezinenkinga ngesisu somzimba (isisu sangasese, izilonda zesisu kanye nezilonda ze-duodenal). Akunconywa ukuba usebenzise ngobuningi obukhulu, uma kunezinkinga nge-pancreas, izinso. Kungcono ukungadli nhlobo uma amatshe e-oxalate esezintsheni.Naphezu kwazo zonke izingozi, kungacatshangwa ukuthi isitshalo seqanda ngumkhiqizo owusizo kakhulu futhi owusizo. Uma kungenjalo, wayengeke athole ukusatshalaliswa okunjalo. Kodwa-ke, kukho konke okudingeka ukwazi ukuthi uzoyeka nini. Lawa majikijolo amahle awanika ithuba lokucabangela ekulungiseleleni kwawo, engeza amandla nokusiza ukulungisa isibalo.
