I-Yalta Institute of Winemaking and Viticulture "Magarach" yisikhungo esidala kakhulu sesayensi kule ndawo. Yasungulwa cishe emakhulu amabili eminyaka edlule - ngonyaka we-1828. Ngalesi sikhathi esikhulu, "iMagarach" ayaziwa hhayi kuphela ngezinhlamvu zayo ezinhle kakhulu ezikhiqizwe efektri yegama elifanayo, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zalo zamagilebhisi ezinhle kakhulu. Isikhungo siyindawo yokugcina yamaqoqo ahlukile asetshenziswa emsebenzini wososayensi: ama-ampelographic, anezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu nengxenye ezikhulayo nezinhlobo zamagilebhisi; izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zamagciwane asetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-winemaking; I-Enoteca, lapho kuqoqwa khona amabhodlela ewayini angaphezu kwenkulungwane nesigidi. Ezinye izinhlobo zamagilebhisi ezenziwe ngabazalisi beSikhungo ngokususelwa kulezi zinto ezicebile zizoxoxwa kabanzi.
Indalo eningi yeSikhungo "Magarach"
Isipiliyoni esidlule seminyaka sabasebenza iwayini lama-Crimean, abasebenzi bomnyango wokukhethwa kanye nofuzo wamagilebhisi weSikhungo "Magarach" ahlanganisa izinhlobo ezintsha zemivini. Lo msebenzi bekulokhu kuqhubeka selokhu kwasungulwa isikhungo sezesayensi. Kulezi zinsuku eMoldova, e-Ukraine, eRussia, eAzerbaijan, eKazakhstan, imivini yesizukulwane sesithathu samagilebhisi iyakhula, ngenxa yokuthi iqembu limelana nemiphumela emibi yemvelo. Iningi lazo linamagama lapho igama lalesi sikhungo lizwakala khona: Isipho sikaMagarach, izibulo likaMagarach, uCentaur waseMagarach, u-Antey Magarach, uTavkveri waseMagarach, uRuby Magaracha, uBastardo Magarachsky nabanye. Sekukonke, kunamagama anjalo amabili nesigamu kuhlu lwezinhlobonhlobo zeqoqo le-ampelographic lesikhungo, kunokwengeziwe kuwo phakathi kwamagama afanayo.
Isipiliyoni seminyaka eyedlule sabasebenzi base-Crimea abangabenzi bewayini eMnyangweni wokukhethwa kanye nofuzo wamagilebhisi weSikhungo "Magarach" ahlanganisa izinhlobo ezintsha zemivini
Mayelana nezinye izinhlobo zamagilebhisi "Magaracha" ngaphezulu
Izinhlobo eziningi ezifuywa eMagarach Institute zingobuchwepheshe, okungukuthi, zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-winemaking. Iningi lazo litshalwa ngabathengisi bamawayini asezindaweni zabo eCrimea, izifunda eziseningizimu yeRussia ne-Ukraine. Abakhangwa amagilebhisi newayini ezitholakala kumagilebhisi kuphela, ezinezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zabathengi, kodwa nezithelo zezinhlobonhlobo ezithile ngokwazo, ezinokuthanda nokunuka okungafaniyo futhi kudliwa okusha.
ICitron Magaracha
Le nkathi yokuvuthwa eyisilinganiso yamagilebhisi yatholakala ngokuwela inzalo kanye nezinhlobo eziningi ngasikhathi sinye
Lesi sikhathi sokuvuthwa esimaphakathi samagilebhisi satholakala ngokuwela okuyinkimbinkimbi kwama-nzalo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi: i-hybrid etholakala emafomini wabazali baseMagarach 2-57-72 kanti uRkatsiteli wawela kanye noNovoukrainsky ekuqaleni konyaka. Kuvele kanjalo iMagarach 124-66-26, lapho inqamula kanye namagilebhisi aseMadeleine Anzhevin, kwaqalwa kwaqalwa uhlobo olusha lweCitron Magaracha. Leli gama wanikezwa lona iphunga le-citrus elivela kulo, elingajwayelekile ngamagilebhisi, elibonakala kakhulu kumawayini nasejusi kulezi zithelo.
Le nhlobonhlobo yamagilebhisi yayidumile ikakhulukazi ngonyaka we-1998 lapho bekha iwayini elithi "White Muscatel", elathola amamaki aphezulu emiqhudelwaneni yomhlaba ngo-1999-2001.
Imivini yeCitron Magarach yamandla aphakathi nendawo noma aphezulu, ihlumela uvuthwe kahle. Izimbali ze-bisexual ziyisiqinisekiso sokungcoliswa okuhle, ngenxa yokuthi lapho iziqu zenziwa zingezimbi kangako ngesimo sesilinda, kwesinye isikhathi ziyahlangana kwisigaxa, esinamaphiko. Zomvini wezimboni, zikhulu impela. Amajikijolo osayizi ophakathi nendawo futhi oyindilinga, ukuvuthwa, athola umbala ophuzi wesikhumba esincanyana nesiqinile noma aqhubeke abe umbala ocwebezelayo. Kumagilebhisi imbewu engu-5 okusaqanda. Izinhlobonhlobo zinokunambitheka okuvumelanayo nephunga langempela elinamanothi akhanyayo we-muscat ne-citrus. ICitron Magaracha inikezwe ukumelana okuthe xaxa kwezifo ezibangelwa isikhunta, ivinjelwa i-phylloxera.
Izinsuku ezingama-120-130 ngemuva kokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula, ukuvuna kwaleli hlobo lamagilebhisi kuvuthwa.
- Isisindo esivamile sebhulashi ngama-gramu ayi-230.
- Isisindo esijwayelekile samajikijolo angama-5-7 amagremu.
- Okuqukethwe ushukela kungama-250-270 g / l wejusi, kuyilapho i-acid emthamo ofanayo ingama-gramu ayi-5-7.
- Indawo ekahle yokuphakela ihlathi elilodwa ingamamitha ayi-62 (2x3 m).
- Izinhlobonhlobo ziyathela, amahektha ayi-138 amajikijolo aqoqwa kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa.
- ICitron Magaracha ibekezelela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa ebusika kuya -25 ºº.
Esilinganisweni samaphuzu ayisishiyagalombili sokuhlola ukunambitha, iwayini elomile leCitron Magarach lithole amaphuzu ayi-7.8, newayini le-dessert - amaphuzu angu-7.9.
Amagilebhisi Icitron Magaracha adinga ukulungiswa komthwalo emvinini, ngoba ukuhlangana kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwekhwalithi yesitshalo nokubambezeleka kokuvuthwa kwayo. Esikhundleni sokuthena okulungiselelwe ekwindla, kunconywa ukushiya amehlo angabi ngaphezu kwamashumi amathathu esihlahleni, amahlumela anqunywe amafushane kakhulu - ngama-2-4 efihlekile.
Imivini yezinhlobonhlobo zeCitron Magaracha inokukhula okuphakathi noma okukhulu, ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kwenziwa izilinganiso. Inani lamaqoqo ashiywe amahlumela lincike eminyakeni namandla esihlahleni.
Ezifundeni lapho amazinga okushisa ebusika angafinyeleli inani lomkhawulo we--25 ºº kuhlobo lweCitron Magaracha, amagilebhisi angatshalwa ngesimo esingatholakali, kwezinye izindawo kuyadingeka ukumboza amagilebhisi kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile kulolu hlobo lwesitshalo.
Ividiyo: yenza iwayini elimhlophe kusuka kuCitron Magarach (ingxenye 1)
Ividiyo: yenza iwayini elimhlophe kusuka kuCitron Magarach (ingxenye 2)
Kuqala uMagaracha
Wayenakekelwa ngokuwela iKishmish emnyama noMadeleine Anzhevin
Okunhlobonhlobo kwaseMagaracha yigilebhisi elimnyama yetafula. Kwakunqunyelwa ngokuwela iKishmish emnyama noMadeleine Anzhevin.
Izihlahla zalo lamagilebhisi zinamandla amakhulu okukhula. Izimbali zeManarach zakuqala zingamabhayisekili, lapho kwakhiwa khona amaqoqo amakhulu noma aphakathi nendawo. Ukwakheka kwebhulashi kungahlukahluka kusuka ku-cone-like to wide-conical. Ubuncane bamajikijolo esiqwini kuyinto ephakathi, kukhululekile.
Amagilebhisi eMagarach akuqala angaba ovundile noma ayindilinga. Lapho sesivuthiwe, sithola umbala omnyama oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi simboziwe ngentambo ye-wax ebonakalayo ebonakalayo. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba esinamandla samajikijolo, ipulpiti ebushelelezi futhi emnyama ngokunambitheka elula ifihliwe. Ngaphakathi kwamagilebhisi izingcezu zezimbewu. Ijusi le-Original Magarach pink.
Leli gilebhisi lisigwema ngokuphelele lesi sifo nge-grey bola, ngoba livuthwa ezigabeni zokuqala. Kungalimala nge-isikhutha ne-phylloxera. Ubusika obulukhuni bezithelo zomvini buthakathaka. Amajikijolo avuthiwe avame ukulinyazwa iminyovu nezintuthwane.
Amajikijolo ama-Early Magarach avuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-120, uma amazinga okushisa esisebenza esilinganisweni okungenani angama-2300 ºº.
Ezinye izinkomba:
- Umvini okhula ngentshiseko uvuthwa ngokukhula okungama-80% ekwindla.
- Ubukhulu metric besixu samagilebhisi salokhu okuhlukahlukene kusuka ku: 16-22 cm - ubude, 14-19 cm - ububanzi.
- Isisindo esivamile sebhulashi sisuka ku-0.3, kwesinye isikhathi sifinyelela ku-0,5 kilos.
- Isisindo esijwayelekile samajikijolo sifinyelela ku-2,6 amagremu.
- I-berry ngayinye inezinhlamvu ezi-3-4.
- Kumahlumela athuthukile, amaqoqo angama-0.8 aboshwe ngokwesilinganiso, amaqoqo ayi-1,3 ngokwesilinganiso ihlumela ngalinye elithela izithelo.
- Ibanga lokumelana neqhwa-18 ºС.
Njengoba kunikezwe ubulukhuni obuphansi basebusika bezithelo zomvini zokuqala zaseMagaracha, kunconyelwa ukuwuhlakulela ngendlela yokumboza, futhi ngokwenza lokhu ukukwenza kube yisimo somuntu ophethe izingalo eziningi ngaphandle kwesiqu. Amehlo ayi-5-8 asele emahlumela ezithelo ngesikhathi sokuthena ikwindla, ngokuya ngokuthi kulimale kangakanani umonakalo wazo ngesikhathi sasebusika. Kufanele kube namehlo angafika kwangamashumi amane ngesihlahla ngasinye.
Ezindaweni lapho amagilebhisi aseMagaracha akuqala engasongeliswa ubusika obubandayo, angatshalwa kwi-boom enobude bamamitha ayi-0.7 bese akha njengentambo enezixhobo ezimbili.
Ukuvikela ama-Magarach akuqala ezifweni ezibangelwa ukhunta kanye nezinambuzane, kufanele kuphathwe ngokubambisana ngesikhathi sonyaka ngama-fungicides kanye nama-insecticides. Ngezikhathi zesomiso, iMagaracha yasekuqaleni idinga ukuthambisa okwengeziwe.
Lapho uxhunyelelwa okunhlobonhlobo, kungcono ukusitshala esitokisini esimelana ne-phylloxera.
Isipho sikaMagarach
Isipho sikaMagarach sinokuvuthwa kwangaphambi kokuphakathi
Isipho esihlukahlukene seMagarach satholwa ngokuwela amagilebhisi aseRkatsiteli kanye nefomu elihlanganisiwe leMagarach 2-57-72, yona yatholwa ngumbhangqwana weSocrhi emnyama noMtsvane Kakheti. Ngenxa yalokho, kwavela amagilebhisi amhlophe wokuvuthwa kwaphakathi naphakathi. Leli ibanga lobuchwepheshe, lisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwama-cognacs, amawayini amhlophe, amajusi. Manje iSipho seMagarach sikhulele eHungary, Moldova, e-Ukraine, eningizimu yeRussia.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kokugeleza kwe-sap ekuqoqweni kwamaqoqo avuthiwe, kudlula izinsuku ezingama-125 kuya ku-135. Imivini yalokhu kwehlukahlukene ingeyokukhula okuphakathi noma okuqinile. Amahlumela avuthwe kahle. Izimbali emivini bisexual.
Ama-bunches asayizi aphakathi nendawo - isisindo sabo esilinganiselwe ngamagremu ayi-150-200. Akhiwa ngendlela yesilinda. Ubuningi babo bumaphakathi. Amajikijolo anesisindo esilinganiselwe sama-gramu ayi-1,8 ayindilinga. Umbala wesikhumba umhlophe; lapho amagilebhisi eseqile, uphenduka opinki. Kuyinto nokunwebeka, mncane. Inyama ka-Berry iyi-mucous encane. Ukunambitheka kwayo okumnandi akunalo iphunga elikhanyayo. Kwilitha elilodwa lamajusi wamagilebhisi alezi zinhlobonhlobo aqukethe kusuka ku-21% kuya ku-25% ushukela kanye nama-gramu ayi-8-10.
Ehekteni elilodwa lesivini ungathola amathani ayi-8.5 amajikijolo. Isipho seMagarach sibekezelela amazinga okushisa ebusika afinyelela ku -25 ºС.
Kumaphoyinti angu-2,5 kuya ku-2, kuhlolwa ukumelana kwayo nobuthakathaka; ukuhlukahluka kubekezelela i-phylloxera. Eminyakeni yokusakazeka kwezifo zokukhunta zamagilebhisi, izindlela zokuvimbela isivini ezi-2-3 ezidingekayo.
Basebenzisa amagilebhisi ukuthola i-winemaking, kepha awusetshenziselwa okusha. Ekwenziweni kwewayini kusuka kumagilebhisi Isipho seMagarach, izithasiselo ze-sulfite newayini yemvubelo ziyadingeka.
Ngendlela enhle kunazo zonke, iSipho saseMagarach sizwa esifundeni eseningizimu ye-Ukraine naseRussia, eMoldova, lapho sithola khona ukushisa nokukhanya okwanele. Ingakhula ingambulwe noma ngesimo se-arbor. Lapho ukugalelwa ekwindla emvinini kufanele kungabi ngaphezu kwamehlo angama-50, amahlumela asikwe ku-3-4 efihlekile. Umthwalo wesihlahla seSipho seMagarach kumele ube ojwayelekile, ushiye amaqoqo amabili esihlwini.
Ukubuyekezwa kwama-viniga mayelana nezinhlobo zokukhethwa kwe-Institute "Magarach"
Ukutshala izithombo ze-PM entwasahlobo (Isipho seMagarach). Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, kwenzeka sekwephuzile - maphakathi noMeyi. Saqale salala, savuka sathola wonke umuntu. Ngonyaka wokuqala: ukukhula okuqinile, izingane zokutholwa (engangiyesaba ekuqaleni ukuhlukana nazo) zakhula kahle. Unomthunzi oyingqayizivele, isihlahla kulula ukusihlukanisa kwabanye. UMildew wabamba kahle, yize ngangingenalwazi futhi ngivumela ukuqubuka kwalesi sifo. Amabhasi alahlekile awekho ngaphezu kwama-4-5 amaqabunga aphansi. Kwakuhlala kubukeka kusha kungakhathalekile ukuthi yikuphi, okwangijabulisa kakhulu ngenkathi i-veneer yami isemkhuhlane. Ngo-Okthoba, ama-80% ayesevuthiwe. Ngingathanda ukushiya inqwaba yecala uma ibusika kahle futhi ikhula.
UDmitry 87//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9290
Esivinini sami kukhona lokhu okuhlukahlukene (iCitron Magaracha). Isihlahla simncane, ngakho-ke ngikwazi ukuphendula umbuzo owodwa kuphela: Angizange ngibone amajikijolo aqhekekile, kepha lapho kushisa kakhulu ngonyaka odlule sikhukhule kaningi kakhulu. Eminyakeni edlule, bekungekho zeluleko zezilonda, manje sengibambe isikhutha esincane, kepha ngakwazi ukuyeka ngokushesha. Angazi ngokumelana nesithwathwa, nginaso isembozo. Amawayini namajusi akukakalungiswa: sidla amajikijolo amnandi futhi anamakha kakhulu avela esihlahleni. Ikhula kahle, ayikho inkinga. Ngithanda lokhu okuhlukahlukene. Lo nyaka, cishe wonke amahlumela anikeze amaqoqo amathathu. Angizange ngibe ngokwejwayelekile kuze kube yilapho umthwalo udonsa kahle, imiqhele igobekile.
UNadezhda Nikolaevna//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=556
Uyibekezelele (i-Early Magaracha) isikhathi eside kakhulu ngenxa yokuvuthwa okuqala kakhulu futhi emnandi ngokunambitheka kwe-marigold. Ngempela, kunesikhathi lapho ngangicabanga ukuyisebenzisa njengebanga lewayini. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwesikhathi eside nginqume ukuyiqeda. Angijabule neze ukuthi azikho ngaphezu kwama-5-7 kg ezilengiswe esihlahleni esinamandla weminyaka eyi-10. Isikhombisi esiyinhloko se-mildew, ngemuva kwayo kusenezinsuku ezimbalwa zezandla zokwelashwa. Futhi, nokho, ngicele umakhelwane wami maphakathi no-Agasti ukuba azame (imvamisa izingane zidle isigamu sesivuthiwe) - ukunambitheka akukubi, akuthuthuki. Ngokujwayelekile, uma ngaphandle kokubheka emakethe, kodwa kuphela kuwe, kuyinto evamile. Emabeleni aseFirst Magarach ahlanganiswe neFlora, i-White Flame, uHarold. Ukukhula okunamandla kakhulu kwe-scion. Ekugomeni konyaka ophelile, ama-grill ka-Laura 4 (hhayi omkhulu kakhulu). Ngonyaka olandelayo ngithemba ukuthi ngizothola isivuno esigcwele. Le ndlela ifanelana nami ngokwengeziwe.
Kryn//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=8376
Igama elithi "maharach" uqobo, njengoba kushiwo kwisichazamazwi "Ulimi lwe-Odessa. Amagama nemishwana", lisho ukuthi "iwayini." Akusikho nje ukuthi leli gama lanikezwa i-Institute of Winemaking and Viticulture, lapho izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezinhle zalezi mvini zomlingo zadalelwa khona, izithelo zazo ezizophuza, zondle futhi zijabule. Vele, kulula ukuthi abahlali baseningizimu bakhule izinhlobo zaseMagarach, kepha yize isimo singekho esimeni esihle kulokhu, abathandi be-viticulture bazama ukubakhulisa futhi bangaphumeleli.
