Ithekrata ye-Kirovets yochungechunge lwe-K-9000 iyisibonelo somshini omusha wesithupha owenziwe esiteshini esidumile saseSt. Petersburg. I-t-9000 itektala yathola ithuba lokuba khona ngenxa yalokho okuhlangenwe nakho nokusetshenziswa kwentuthuko yamuva kwezobuchwepheshe kule ndawo. Umshini unomsebenzi ophezulu kakhulu wezobuchwepheshe kanye nezici zokusebenza, okukuvumela ukuthi kungabi nje kuphela ukukhiqiza, kodwa ukudlula ama-analogue amaningi angaphandle ngezindlela eziningi. Wonke amamodeli wemishini yalolu chungechunge ahlangene nendawo ebanzi, umkhiqizo ophakeme kakhulu, izinqumo ezakhayo ezakhayo ezihlolwe yisikhathi, ukusetshenziswa kwempumelelo yokugcina kwezobuchwepheshe nokuhambisana ngokusebenzayo nemishini ehlukahlukene yezolimo.
Ama-Kirovets K-9000: incazelo ye-trekta nokuguqulwa kwayo
I-Tractor "amaKrovets" - inqubo eyingqayizivele, ngakho-ke incazelo yayo kufanele iqale ngomlando wendalo yayo. Kungashiwo ukuthi imboni yeTranskta yaseRussia yaqala nge-Plant Kirov. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imishini yokuqala yokukhiqiza yashiya umugqa walo mhlangano ngo-1924. Kodwa kakade ngo-1962, njengengxenye yombuso wezwe, ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial ye-Kirovets evelele kwaqalwa. Ngaleso sikhathi, ekuthuthukiseni ezolimo, leli zwe lalidinga ukudala imishini enamandla. Ukukhululwa kwe "Kirovtsa" kwenza ukuphumelela kwangempela embonini yegandaganda futhi kwenza ukwandisa umkhiqizo kwezolimo izikhathi eziningana.
Uyazi? Kusukela ngo-1962 kuze kube yilolu suku, lesi sitshalo sanikeza amathrekhi angaphezu kuka-475,000 ama-Kirovets, okungenani abangu-12 000 athunyelwa ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle, futhi abangaphezu kuka-50 000 basebenza emasimini aseRussia.
Namuhla, ukukhishwa kwe "Kirovtsa" kusungulwe eCJSC "Petterburg Tractor Plant", okuyinto igatsha le-Kirov Plant. Manje i-CJSC PTZ yiyona kuphela ibhizinisi laseRussia eliye laqala ukukhiqizwa kwemishini ephumelelayo yamandla eklasini eliphakeme kangaka. Amamodeli ayishumi nanye ahamba ngamatrakta ahlangene ezikhungweni zezitshalo, kufaka phakathi i-Kirovets tractor yochungechunge lwe-K-9000 kanye nokuguqulwa kwezimboni ezingaphezu kwezingamashumi amabili.Uyazi? I-t-fuel yamanzi ka-K-9000 ithatha ama-1030 amalitha. Lapho kuhlolwa "i-Kirovtsa" kwakungenzeka ukuthi le nqubo ingasetshenziswa endaweni engamahektha angaba ngu-5 000 ngehora ngaphandle kokunciphisa izici zayo zobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi sokusebenza samahora angaba ngu-3 000.
Ngaphambi kokuqala incazelo yerrakta, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi "ama-Kirovets" akulona igama lemodeli ethile, kodwa igama lonke uchungechunge lokuguqulwa kwamatrakta ahlukahlukene. Futhi manje ake sibheke igama logandaganda futhi sithole ukuthi lisho ukuthini. Egameni lezimoto, inhlamvu enkulu ethi "K" isho ukuthi "amaKrovets", futhi inombolo 9, ngokuhambisana nesigaba samazwe ngamazwe, ibonisa ukuthi sinomshini osebenza kahle osebenza ngamandla osebenza nge-wheel drive. Futhi, izinombolo emva kuka-9 zibonisa amandla enjini.
Kukhona ukuguqulwa okuhlanu kuphela kwala matrakta, okuhlukile komunye nomunye, okokuqala, ngamandla enjini. Ukwengeza, kukhona ukungafani kokulinganisa kokubili kokuguqulwa kokubili, kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho zonke izimoto zifana cishe, ngakho-ke i-K-9520 ifinyelele izici ezifana ne-K-9450, K-9430, K-9400, K-9360. 
Ekukhiqizeni uchungechunge olusha lwamatrakta "ama-Kirovets" umakhi owamisa ngezikhathi zesikhwama esicacisiwe, u-wheel drive, kodwa amasondo awo amakhulu angaphindwa kabili.
Ngokuhambisana nokwahlukaniswa kweRussia, le mishini iyingxenye ye-5, kanye neyesi-6 yesigaba sokudoba.
Indlela yokusebenzisa "ama-Kirovets" K-9000 kwezolimo
Amatrakta amasha asanda kukhishwa yinkampani, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthola labo abangabelana ngolwazi lwabo ku-"Kirovtsy" entsha. Esinye isici ekuthandeni okuphansi komshini kuyinani eliphezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngisho nabanikazi bezimayini ezinkulu abakwazi ukuzithenga njalo.
Kodwa, noma kunjalo, izici ze-K-9000 zenza kube yinto eyamukelekayo kumlimi ngamunye. "I-Kirovets" iyigandagetsi elinamandla elinamandla kakhulu, elivumela ukuba lisetshenziselwe ukusebenza emhlabathini onomswakama ophezulu. Ikhwalithi ye-trekta iboniswa futhi ukuthi cishe zonke izingxenye zayo, imihlangano kanye nezinhlelo zenziwa ngamabhizinisi angcono kakhulu emhlabeni, okwandisa kakhulu ukuthembeka, okuqhubekayo ukusebenza okweshumi futhi kwandisa izici zobuchwepheshe. Ekukhiqizeni ugandaganda, abaqambi babekhokha ngokucophelela umsebenzi okhululekile womqhubi. 
Kodwa-ke, uma ubheka ezinye izinzuzo zomshini, ziphenduka zibe yizinto ezingenakwenzeka.
Kubalulekile! Ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke zabakhiqizi bangaphandle ekucubungulweni kwamatrakta kunciphisa kakhulu ukugcinwa kwazo. Futhi ezinye izinhlelo zayo zidinga ukusetha okunzima kakhulu okungenakwenziwa ngaphandle kolwazi olukhethekile nemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kwezingxenye ezingenisiwe kwandisa izindleko zomshini, okwenza ukuthengwa kwawo kutholakale kuphela ezinkampanini ezinkulu zezolimo.
Kodwa-ke, uma ungangeni emininingwaneni, ukusebenzisa "i-Kirovtsa" kungasheshisa kakhulu futhi kube lula ukuziphatha komsebenzi omkhulu wezolimo. Enye i-K-9000 ingathatha indawo ye-tractor eziningana zabanye abakhiqizi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
I-K-9000 ibhekwa yi-traffic ephakeme, okukhulisa kakhulu amathuba okusetshenziswa kwayo. Ithektala yenzelwe ukulima ngamagatsha aqhutshwayo aguquguqukayo, ukukhulula okujulile, ukulima nokucubungula, ukulimaza, ukuhlwanyela ngokusebenzisa imbewu ye-mechanical kanye ne-pneumatic, ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi nokukhulelwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-K-9000 ingasetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo ekuthuthweni, ekuhleleni, emhlabenimoving, nokuvuselelwa komhlaba, ukuthungatha kanye nokugcina iqhwa. Ungasebenzisa lo mshini unyaka wonke, njengoba ungesabi izimo ezinzima kakhulu.
I-Tractor K-9000: izici zobuchwepheshe
Njengoba kungabonakala kusukela etafuleni elingezansi, wonke amamodeli we-K-9000 anezici ezifanayo zobuchwepheshe. I-parameter kuphela eyimodeli ngayinye ye-K-9000 yiyona injini yamandla.
| Uchungechunge lwesibonelo | K-9360 | K-9400 | K-9430 | K-9450 | I-K-9520 |
| Ubude | 7350 mm | 7350 mm | 7350 mm | 7350 mm | 7350 mm |
| Ububanzi | 2875 mm | 2875 mm | 3070 mm | 3070 mm | 3070 mm |
| Ukuphakama | 3720 mm | 3720 mm | 3710 mm | 3710 mm | 3710 mm |
| Isisindo esikhulu | 24 t | 24 t | 24 t | 24 t | 24 t |
| Injini | I-Mercedes-Benz OM 457 LA | I-Mercedes-Benz OM 457 LA | I-Mercedes-Benz OM 457 LA | I-Mercedes-Benz OM 457 LA | I-Mercedes-Benz OM 502 LA |
| I-Torque | 1800 N / m | 1900 N / m | 2000 N / m | 2000 N / m | 2400 N / m |
| Amandla (hp / kW) | 354 / 260 | 401 / 295 | 401 / 295 | 455 / 335 | 516 / 380 |
| Inombolo ye-cylinders | I-P-6 | I-P-6 | I-P-6 | I-P-6 | V-8 |
Izici zedivayisi K-9000
Ake sihlolisise ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye ze-Kirovets eziqukethe. Ubukhulu bobukhulu bezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-K-9000 bufana nobude, kanti ububanzi be-K-9430, K-9450, K-9520 buyi-195 mm obukhulu kunaleyo ye-K-9400 no-K-9360.
Injini
Labo abazothenga ama-Kirovets K-9000 bazoba nesithakazelo embuzweni: yiliphi injini efakiwe? Amanye amamodeli afakwe I-OM 457 LA injini ye-diesel ayisithupha-cylinder enomthamo wama-11.9 amalitha futhi eyenziwe yi-brand brand yaseJalimane iMercedes-Benz. Kukhona namamodeli anama-OM 502LA ane-V-ensimbi engu-8 engama-V enomthamo wama-15.9 amalitha nomthamo we-516 hp.
Injini ngayinye ye-K-9000 ibuye ifakwe nge-turbocharger. Ngaphambi kokuba unikezwe i-turbine, umoya ucolile ngamandla, ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ucindezele umoya ngaphezulu kuma-cylinders. Ukulungiswa komjovo wephethiloli kwenziwa ngezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi. I-cylinder ngayinye inezimpompi zayo zokubhola, ezijwayele ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli yasekhaya.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi injini yokushisa yokushisa inikezwa ekuqalisweni okuyisisekelo futhi iqinisekisa ukuqala kwekhwalithi kumazinga okushisa angaphansi. Isisindo se-fuel tank egcwele amathani ayi-1.03. I-tank ngayinye yamafutha ifakwe izinto zokuhlanza ezengeziwe nokushisa okuzenzakalelayo kwephethiloli uma izinga lokushisa layo liwela phansi ngaphansi kwe-degrees -10. Imodeli ngayinye ye-K-9000 ugandaganda ine-injini ehlukile yamandla, okungaba u-354 kuya ku-516 hp. Ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli ye-K-9000 yi-150 (205) g / hp ngehora (g / kW ngehora).
Ibhokisi legesi
Zonke izinguqulo zamatrakta ezihlomele izitshalo zamandla ezingaphezu kuka-430 hp, zihlomele Ukudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-Powershift, umklamo osuselwa ekuxhumaneni okubili kwamabhokisi amabili.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhokisi legiya linamathebhu amabili okusebenza ngokuzimela, okwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa njengebhodi legiya evamile ngaphandle kokunikela ngomzuzu. Ibhokisi legiyari isebenza emigqeni emine, ngayinye yayo inezivinini ezine phambili nangemuva emibili, eyonke inika izinyanga eziyisithupha nesithupha emuva.
Amatekisi ane injini esuka ku-450 kuya ku-520 hp, ahlomise Ibhokisi le-TwinDisc, ukuhlinzeka ngesivinini sokushintsha kwesilinganiso esifanayo, ngenkathi kuqeda ngokuphelele ukugeleza kwamandla. Inombolo yamagoyi ebangeni - 2 emuva futhi 12 phambili.
Ugandaganda ufinyelela ngesivinini se 3.5 ukuya ku-36 km / h.
Ukugijima gear
Zombili izingxube ze-trekta ziholayo, ngenxa yokuthi i-throughput yayo ehlukile iyatholakala, ebuye ihlinzekwe ukusetshenziswa kwe-know-spin technology. Ibhokisi ngalinye le-gear lihlomele ukuhlukanisa izindlela zokuzihlukanisa. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-gear ebhokisini legiya le-gear kanye nebhobhobhodi yamabhodi egibelayo kufakwe ngendlela yokuthi banikeze imvume enkulu ye-agrotechnical. Ama-gearbox nama-gear axle akhiqizwa kwimishini ephezulu ye-tech ngokucacile okukhulu. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zebhokisi zenziwe ngensimbi enamandla. Uhlelo lwe-brake lunomshini we-drum-type drive.
Ukulawula ukulawula
"I-Kirovets" idume ngokuphakama kwayo kwekhwalithi ephakeme enamanzi. Ukukhiqiza izindlela zokuguqula izinsimbi ezisebenzisayo, ezisebenza ngokuphumelelayo ezindizeni eziqondile nezamabala, ezinikeza ukunyakaza okuhamba phambili kwezimoto, ukwandisa ukuhamba kwayo nokukwazi ikhono elizwe. Esikhathini esingenalutho, ingxenyana yokuzungeza ifreyimu ayizi-16 degrees ngakwesinye isiqondana, kanti indawo ejikelezayo yamasondo angaphandle i-7.4 m.
Ukuze uthuthukise izici ze-hing mechanism efakwe ukufaka. Ukuhamba kwe-hinge endizeni enezingqimba kunika imikhono emibili ephindaphindiwe, ehamba ngesakhi se-tubular. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuze kunciphise umthelela omubi wemvelo, indlela yokugaya ivikelekile ngamakhekhe akhethekile. Ukuze uthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuqondisa, i-booster electrohydraulic ne-Zaur-Danfoss abaphakeli isetshenziswa. Ukuze uqinisekise ukunyakaza okunembile, i-unit ingahlonywa nge-GPS navigation.
Uhlelo lwe-Hydraulic nezinamathiselo
I-Kirovets K-9000 inezici zobuciko ezingenakulinganiswa, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwayo nezinhlobo eziningi zokunamathiselwe.
Uhlelo lwe-hydraulic luqukethe ipompi le-Sauer-Danfos, isamba se-Bosh-Rexroth hydraulic, esinezici ezengeziwe zokuhlunga kanye ne-radiator yokupholisa uketshezi olusebenzayo kanye ne-tank supply yama-200 amalitha. Uhlelo lwe-LS lulawula izinga lokugeleza komketshezi osebenzayo kanye nesilinganiso sokunikezwa kwalo.
Inzuzo eyinhloko yesistimu ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa nokuvimbela ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi kagesi. Uhlelo luyehlisa ngokunciphisa ukucindezela futhi linciphisa ukugeleza, ukulungisa imingcele yalo kumthwalo oyifunayo. Impendulo eyinhloko yesistimu yinkimbinkimbi yayo, ngakho-ke idinga ukulungiswa okuningiliziwe.
Uyazi? Ngenxa yomklamo ocatshangelwe ngokucophelela nomhlangano omkhulu wekhwalithi, i-K-9000 ayifuni neze.
Ikhebula likagadaganda
Ikamelo letractor lihlome isakhiwo esinamandla esihlinzeka ngokuphepha okuphelele komqhubi. Ihlukaniswa nezinga elikhuphukile lokududuza, njengoba umshayeli wetrakta kuwo evikelekile ngokuqinisekile kulowo wonke umsindo wangaphandle, otholakala ngezinga eliphakeme lokungeniswa komsindo. Amaphikishi akhethekile lapho iklabhu efakwe khona ivikela umshayeli ekudlideni. Ukwengeza, kuhlanganiswe ngokuphelele, okuvimbela ukungena kwephunga langaphandle nodaka. I-trekta ibonakala ngokukhululeka kokusebenza, futhi yonke imingcele yayo yokusebenza ihlale ihlolwe yikhompyutha ebhodini.
Usayizi weThire noGesi
I-K-9000 ine-diameter yesondo enobubanzi bephrofayela ka-800 noma 900 mm. Isilinganiso sobude nobubanzi bephrofayili lilingana no-55.6%, futhi ukuphakama kokuhamba kwesondo likagandaganda kungama-intshi angu-32. Ithenda ka-K-9000 ifakwe ngamathayi, ubukhulu bayo bungu-900 / 55R32 noma 800 / 60R32. Amathayi aloluhlobo ayenyuke kakhulu futhi kungenzeka ukuphindaphinda kabili, okwandisa kakhulu ukuhamba komgogodla.
Zingaki ngezilinganiso ezinjalo kufanele zilinganise isondo ukusuka ku "Kirovtsa"? Isisindo segesi K-9000 sifinyelela ngaphezu kuka-400 kg.
Izinzuzo zokusetshenziswa kwe "Kirovtsa" K-9000
I-Kirovets K-9000 inezinzuzo eziningana ngokuqhathaniswa namatrakta avela kwabanye abakhiqizi:
- isikhathi eside sokugcinwa kokusetshenziswa mahhala;
- ukusetshenziswa kokusetshenziswa kwe-clock-clock;
- isikhathi eside sokusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwe-refueling;
- ukuvuthwa okwandisiwe;
- ukusebenza okuphezulu;
- i-cabin yanda induduzo;
- ukusebenza okuphezulu;
- kungenzeka ukwabelana ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokunamathiselwe.
I-K-9000, ngokungangabazeki, isinyathelo esisodwa esiphezulu kunazo zonke izinhlobo zetraki ezidalwe ngaphambili kwindonga ye-Kirov factory futhi zimele isizukulwane esisha semishini enhle kakhulu ekwazi ukubhekana nokuqaliswa kwemisebenzi eminingi yezolimo.
