Superphosphate

I-Kizilnik brilliant :: izici zokutshala nokunakekela izihlahla

I-Kizilnik ehlakaniphile - isitshalo esithakazelisayo, esivela emndenini we-Pink. Kuhle kakhulu ekudaleni izindonga, ngakho-ke ikhulile ngokugcwele ezindaweni ezizimele nasemapaki noma izikwele. Endle, itholakala e-Eastern Siberia, eChina naseBuryatia. Ukwanda kwe-cotoneaster kungenziwa kalula ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ngoba cishe kungasetshenziswa uthuli namagesi, ukumelana nesithwathwa nokumelana nesomiso. Ake sizithole ukuthi singatshala kanjani ukotoniya obumhlophe kanye nokuthi kunjani ukunakekelwa okudingekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo siyakuthanda ngokubonakala kwayo.

I-Kizilnik ehlakaniphile: incazelo kanye nezici

I-Kizilnik ehlakaniphile iyisihlahla esinamaqabunga, esicacile nesiqinekile, esifinyelela ubude bamamitha amabili. Incane (engaba ngu-4 cm) amaqabunga ama-ovate amnyama, afaka ekugcineni. Zine-surface ebushelelezi, ukuze isitshalo singabizwa ngokuthi sihlobisa. Amahlamvu avela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi abe nombala oluhlaza obuluhlaza.

Isici sesici salesi sitshalo yilona ikhono lokushintsha umbala walo: lapho kufika ekwindla, ucingo lwe-cotoneaster luba nsomi. I-Inflorescences i-pink, i-corymbose futhi ihlanganisa izimbali ezingu-5-8. Ukuqhakaza kwe-cotoneaster kuqala ngoMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJune, emva kwalokho izithelo ezizungezile, ezifana namajikijolo amancane, zakhiwa (zihlala ezihlahleni kuze kube sekwindla). Izimbali ze-cotoneaster ngokwazo azivezi, kodwa lapho zivula ngesikhathi esifanayo, amahlumela e-pink abukeka angaphezu kokukhangayo ngemuva kwesiqabunga samaqabunga aluhlaza, enikeza isihlahla umphumela owengeziwe wokuhlobisa.

Izithelo ze-cotoneaster ekhanyayo zenziwa cishe yonke imbali. Esikhathini sokuqala sokuvuthwa, ziluhlaza, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zishintsha umbala bese zigcwele obomvu. Lapho amajikijolo avuthiwe ngokuphelele (shintsha umbala kumnyama), i-cornel yalezi zinhlobo iyadliwa ngokuphelele.

Esikhathini sasendle, le shrub ivame ukukhula yedwa, nakuba ukuhlwanyiswa okwakhiwa kwe-cotoneaster, okuyiwona osetshenziselwa ukubona emasimini angasese, kuyabonakala. Uma ukhulile emaphakathi, izindawo zombili ezivulekile ezinezindawo zokukhanya kwelanga kanye nezindawo ezimnyama zifanelwe kahle, kodwa sizokhuluma ngalokhu kamuva.

Uyazi? I-Cornel inezinto zokuphulukisa eziwusizo ezaziwa esikhathini eside eTibet (lesi sitshalo sasisetshenziselwa izimo ze-septic nasesifo samathambo).

Izinzuzo nezinkinga zefomu

Lapho uzalisa ikotoneaster, kubalulekile ukucabangela hhayi kuphela izinzuzo zokutshala lesi sitshalo, kodwa futhi ukucabangela ukushiyeka okukhona. Izinzuzo zokuba khona kwe-cotoneaster enhle kwisayithi yayo zihlanganisa okulandelayo:

  • ukunakekelwa okungazenzisi nokubukeka okuhle;
  • ukumelana okuhle kokubili frost kanye nezikhathi ezomile;
  • cishe ukuzivikela okuphelele kwezifo;
  • ukungathobeki ezimweni ezikhulayo (kuzizwa kahle ezindaweni zokungcoliswa komoya okukhulu nge-soot, uthuli, ukukhipha amagesi);
  • ukungahloniphi ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi kanye nezinga lokukhanyiswa kwesayithi.
Konke lokhu kuvumela ukutshala izithombo ze-cotoneaster ezikhanyayo nasemigwaqweni yedolobha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akufanele sikhohlwe ngamaminithi okukhetha ukutshala lesi sitshalo. Lezi zihlanganisa:

  • isidingo sokusika izihlahla njalo ze-cotoneaster;
  • ubunzima bokukhiqiza ngokuqhathanisa.
Yiqiniso, izinzuzo ziningi kakhulu, ngakho-ke, mhlawumbe, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthengwa kwezithombo.

Izici zokutshala cotoneaster ezikhazimulayo engadini

Zonke izinhlobo ze-cotoneaster ezikhona namuhla zikhuthazela ngokuzethemba ukufika futhi ziqede endaweni entsha cishe cishe ngokungenabuhlungu. Kodwa ukuze uzalise ukotiniya ngokucwebezela ngokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile, kungcono ukulinda kuze kube sekusahlobo (ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ibuye ifane ngokushesha lapho iqhwa licibilika futhi amaqhwa ebusuku alahlekelwa amandla awo angaphambili) noma enze inqubo ekupheleni kwekwindla.

Indlela yokukhetha indawo yokutshala u-cotoneaster oqhakazile, uhlobo oluthile lokukhanyisa

Izihlahla zaseCotoneaster zingcono kakhulu ezibekwe ezindaweni ezikhanyisiwe, nakuba zikhula kahle ku-penumbra. Kunoma yikuphi, indawo elungiselelwe kufanele ivikeleke kahle emoyeni, futhi ihlukaniswe ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Iphethini yokutshala i-cotoneaster ihlanganisa ukubeka izithombo endaweni eqhele ngamamitha angu-1.5-2 ukusuka komunye nomunye (izibalo ezinembile kuncike ekutheni ububanzi bomqhele buzayo). Izithombo zezitshalo zingcwatshwa ngamasentimitha angu-70 enhlabathini.

Kubalulekile! Uma utshala noma yikuphi isitshalo (kufaka phakathi izinhlanzi ezincane), kubalulekile ukuba ube nohlaka oluhle lwamanzi kuze kube ngu-20 cm obukhulu. Izitini ezibunjiweyo nezitini ezichotshoziwe zifanelwe kahle indima yokugeleza.

Izidingo ze-cotoneaster ezikhanya emhlabathini

Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi ye-cotoneaster brilliant ayinalo indima ebalulekile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo sokuthuthukiswa kwayo okufanele futhi okusheshayo Kubalulekile ukulungisa inhlanganisela yenhlabathi elandelayo: Hlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba we-sod nge-1 ingxenye ye-peat noma umquba kanye nezingxenye ezimbili zesanti eliqhelile. Kuyasiza futhi ukwengeza i-lime endaweni encane etholakalayo ngesilinganiso esingu-300 g ngendawo ngayinye yomhlaba.

Indlela yokutshala ikotoneaster enhle ensimini: uhlelo lobuchwepheshe nokutshala

Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwekotoneaster enamandla akuyona inqubo elula. Ngokuyinhloko kwenziwa usebenzisa imbewu, kodwa kaningi futhi isetshenzisiwe ama-vaccinations, cuttings futhi ukusika (ukusakazwa kwemifino).

Indlela yembewu

Uma ukhethe indlela yokwelapha ikotoneaster, kufanele ulungiselele ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yezithombo izokukhuphuka ngokushesha kanti ezinye zazo zingakhuphuka ngonyaka ozayo. Ukwandisa ukuhluma kwembewu, ngaphambi kokutshala, kungcono ukuzinqanda kulo lonke unyaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngemuva kokuqoqa ngo-Okthoba, impahla yezinhlamvu ifakwa kwisitsha sensimbi futhi ithunyelwa kwisitoreji noma emoyeni ovulekile. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngonyaka ozayo ekwindla.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze unciphise isikhathi sokulungiselela, ungagcwilisa imbewu ku-sulfuric acid, usishiye lapho imizuzu engu-20, bese ubeka phakathi kwenyanga.
Ngaphambi kokufakwa emhlabathini, imbewu kumele ifakwe emanzini afudumele, emva kwalokho wonke ama-sampula avelayo aqoqwa futhi alahlwe, njengoba angeke ahlume.

Imbewu enempilo futhi ephelele ifakwa emhlabathini kuze kube yi-4 cm ejulile futhi ifafazwe phezulu enhlabathini. Kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga phakathi kwemigqa: kufanele okungenani libe ngu-15 cm.

Ungalindeli amahlumela asheshayo, ngoba ukuhluma kwezinhlamvu ze-cotoneaster kunzima kakhulu, futhi ngisho nokugcinwa okugcwele kwazo zonke izimo zokutshala nokukhathalela okuqhubekayo, ukuhluma ngokuvamile akudluli ku-20-30%. Phakathi nonyaka wokuqala, izithombo ezihlwanyelwe zikhula zifinyelele ku-30 ​​cm ukuphakama, futhi ngemva konyaka ukuqala komqhele kuqala. Izimbali zenzeka akukho ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-4.

Ngenxa yokuthi imbewu ihluma kabi, endle, i-kizilnik shiny ayifani kakhulu. Ukwandisa amathuba akho okuphumelela, Kunconywa ukuhlwanyela imbewu kakhulu kakhulu. Phindela amahlathi lapho okungenani uneminyaka engu-1-2 ubudala.

Ukukhiqiza izitshalo

Indlela evame kakhulu yokusakazwa kwemifino ye-cotoneaster inamandla kakhulu - lokhu kukhiqizwa ngokusika. Ukuxhunyelela ukuvuna ukusika okuluhlaza okweluhlaza okweluhlaza okweluhlaza. Kunoma yikuphi, ama-specimens akhethiwe kumele athuthukiswe kahle futhi amakhulu, okungenani okungamamitha angu-15 ubude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okungenani ama-interstices amabili kumele abe khona kunoma ngayiphi ingxenye. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokwenza inqubo nguJulayi.

Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-cuttings, kungcono ukubeka endaweni yokuqamba izimpande zesikhombisa amahora amaningana, bese ubatshala emabhokisini ku-substrate elungiselelwe. Kumele kube ne-humus, umhlaba we-sod nesihlabathi, ezithathwe ngemali elinganayo. Ngaphambi kokubeka lezi zinhlayiya emhlabathini omhlabathi kufanele zichithe kahle ngamanzi. Izingxenye ezilungiselelwe zalesi sitshalo zifakwa emhlabathini ngecala lika-45 °, zijulise inhlabathi ngamasentimitha angu-5. Khona-ke zimbozwa izimbiza zeglasi, okumele zisuswe njalo ukuze zithinte izitshalo bese zimanzi.

Kubalulekile! Esikhundleni samathini, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukugoqa kwepulasitiki, okuzokwenza ijubane lokuqothulwa kwezinto ezivunyiwe.
Uma zonke izimo zokutshala nokunakekelwa kwe-cuttings zigcinwa, ngokuwa bazoba nesimiso esinamandla, futhi bangafakwa endaweni ehlala njalo yokukhula. Ebusika, izitshalo ezincane kumele zimbozwe ngezinaliti noma amaqabunga owomile.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokusebenzisa ama-cuttings e-lignified for reproduction, kufanele aqedwe ngokuqala kweqhwa, emva kwalokho okudingekayo ukubeka izingxenye ezinqunywe esihlabathini bese uzigcina endaweni epholile. Lapho kufika entwasahlobo, ama-cuttings athathwa esitokisini futhi ahlukaniswe zibe yizicucu kuze kube ngu-20 cm ubude (kufanele okungenani kube khona amafihlethi amathathu kunxenye ngayinye enjalo). Esikhathini esizayo, ukukhula kwe-rooting kufana nalesi simo sokuqala.

Uyazi? I-Cotoneaster brilliant - enye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa ngezinhlobo zamajikijolo ezidliwayo. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwalokhu, abavami ukudliwa.
Ukuhlukahluka okulula kokusakazwa kwemifino ye-cotoneaster kuyinkimbinkimbi yokukhiqiza ngokubeka. Udinga kuphela ukulungisa kahle inhlabathi endaweni lapho ukuphunyuka kuzobe kunamathele khona. Inqubo yokulungiselela ilula: bayibamba umhlaba ngamanzi angama-50 cm, emva kwalokho bangeze isihlabathi kanye ne-peat, okusiza ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela emoyeni ezimpandeni ezincane.

Ihlumela ngokwalo lifakwa ekujuleni okungaba ngu-10 cm ukusuka ebusweni bomhlabathi, elungiswe ngensimbi noma ebhakeni lokhuni futhi lifafazwe nenhlanganisela yenhlabathi elungiselelwe ngokwendlela iresiphi ecacisiwe. Yenza inqubo ekuqaleni kwehlobo, futhi ekwindla kuqedwe ukufakwa kwesihlahla somzali kuze kufike entwasahlobo endaweni efanayo. Ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo, i-cuttings enezimpande ingafakwa kabusha.

Imigomo yokunakekela i-cotoneaster enamandla

Ukunakekela i-cotoneaster ehlakaniphile ngeke kubangele inkathazo enkulu, kodwa, ukuze ukhule isitshalo esihle futhi esinamandla esingaba umhlobiso wangempela wensimu, kusadingeka ucabangele izidingo ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo.

Ukufuna ukunisela

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-cotoneaster olunamandla okulwa nesomiso, ngakho-ke ngisho nezihlahla ezinomile kakhulu zasehlobo zenza ngaphandle kokuphuza. Abantu abadala bakha izithombo ze-cotoneaster ezikhazimulayo ngokwanele ukuba ziphuze izikhathi eziningana ngenkathi, zifaka ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye amalitha angu-8 amanzi. Into esemqoka kuleli bhizinisi ukuvimbela ukudlula ngokweqile, ngoba inani eliningi kakhulu lomswakama emhlabathini lingabhubhisa i-cotoneaster.

Ezinsukwini ezishisayo, ikakhulukazi uma lesi sitshalo sikhula ezindaweni ezinothuli, singavuselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngokususa uthuli emaqabunga e-shrub. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi lapho umcibisholo usebenza njengomcingo futhi ukhona emngceleni wesayithi.

Uyazi? Amajikijolo ama-cotoneaster amnandi, njengoba, njengoba sesibonile kakade, adla kakhulu, ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa iziphuzo zetiyi, kanye nezitshalo zokugqoka kanye namawayini. Ngokuvamile, izakhiwo zokudla zalezi zithelo zingasetshenziselwa ukwakha i-candy, i-marshmallow ne-gingerbread, ebaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.

Indlela yokutshala isitshalo

Ukuthi ikhaloneaster izokukhula ngokushesha kangakanani, incike ekuhloleni kwesicelo somanyolo. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukuthola umqhele omuhle futhi ogcwele, uzuze ukukhula okuhle ngesikhathi sonyaka, ke kuyadingeka ukondla i-shrub ngamanyolo we-nitrogen aqukethe, futhi ngaphambi kokuqhakaza okuqondile (cishe phakathi no-May) kufanele kusetshenziswe isihlahla ngaphansi kwesihlahla, esine-phosphorus ne-potassium (isibonelo, superphosphate). Akufanele uphawule indaba ephilayo (humus noma umquba). I-slurry ihlanjululwe emanzini ngesilinganiso se-1: 6, futhi uma usebenzisa ama-droppings ama-bird, ingxenye eyodwa yomanyolo kufanele ibheke izingxenye ezingu-10 zamanzi. Ukwakhiwa okukhiphayo kuchitha inhlabathi ngenkathi entwasahlobo igubha nxazonke ze-shrub. Indlela efanayo ingasetshenziselwa ukutshala inhlabathi ngosizo lwendlela eyinkimbinkimbi eyomile.

Izisekelo zokugaya ukotoneaster obuhle

Ukwakha izicingo kanye nezithombe zokuhlobisa ezivela ku-cotoneaster, zisebenzisa izihlahla ezibunjiwe, emva kwalokho izitshalo zikhula ngokushesha, kodwa zigcina isimo sazo sokuqala. Uma usebenzisa le ndlela, wonke amahlumela ahlelwa kwesithathu.

Kubalulekile! I-cotoneaster inganikezwa ngokuphelele noma yikuphi ukuma: isikwele, ibhola, i-cone, njll. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwakha umqhele kuphela emva kokuba isitshalo sifinyelele ukuphakama kwama-60 cm (ngokwesilinganiso, lokhu kwenzeka eneminyaka emibili).
Okokuqala, ukuphoqa iziqongo, okubangela ukukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlumela amasha. Uma nje uthola umqhele ngokwanele okwanele, ungaqhubeka ukusika izihlahla.

Izinhlawulo ezikhethekile ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zikhangayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuthola ucingo oluhle futhi olubushelelezi lokuphila, ukwenza ukugaya ngaphansi kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-geometric, kufanele ube nezikhali ezikhethekile zezintambo kanye nentambo eyeluliwe ngokuqinile, nakuba ukhetho olwamukelekile luyisifanekiso esenziwe ngomumo owenziwe ngokwakhiwa kwezingodo. Ifreyimu noma uhlaka olunjalo lungadalwa ngokuzimela: kusuka emabhawulweni enza umumo ngesimo se-trapezoid, lapho ingxenye engenhla iyoba yi-10-15 cm ephansi. Kunoma yikuphi ifomu lokwakhiwa kwegceke kufanele lihambisane nenhloso yalo nokuphakama, kucatshangelwa umkhawulo omncane osele ukukhula kwamahlumela.

Ngaphambi kokusika phakathi kwamafomu amabili, ahlelwe ngaphesheya kokufika komhlaba, intambo iphikisana, indawo yokulungiswa yokusika. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kunomsebenzi omkhulu okwenziwe ngokukhipha izihlahla, kungcono ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile legadi - umshini wokuxubha.

Ukuze izitshalo ezincane, ukuphakama kwezihlahla zonyaka kufanele kukhuphuke ngo-5-7 cm kuze kufike usayizi ofunayo wendonga eluhlaza. Akudingeki ube nesithakazelo kakhulu ekukhipheni noma ekunciphiseni umkhawulo ophansi wegatsha futhi kuyanconywa ukuba ushiye u-10-15 cm ububanzi ngaphezu koqweqwe olungenhla, olukhula ngokwengeziwe, ngaleyo ndlela lubangele ukufiphaza kancane kwamahlumela aphansi.

Ngidinga ukufihla ikotoneaster ebusika

Naphezu kokuthi i-cotoneaster iyisitshalo esingabandeki, ngesikhathi sokushisa okunzima kuncono kakhulu ukumbamba. Kule njongo, amahlamvu asomile noma i-peat afanelekile (uhlaka olufinyelela ku-6 cm ubukhulu lwakhiwa). Amagatsha amahlathi aphezulu kakhulu adinga ukuguqa phansi, okuzosiza ukugcina amaqabunga phakathi kwamaqhwa. Lapho iqhwa liwa, ungafaka ezinye izihlahla kubo.

Njengoba ubona, ngisho nokucabangela zonke izinhlobo ze-nuances zokunakekelwa, ukwandisa ukotoneaster ngeke kudale izinkinga eziningi, kodwa ukubeka umzamo omncane, uthola ukuhlobisa kwangempela kwesayithi lakho.