Phakathi nesikhathi sokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, ukuguqulwa kwebusika kube yiqhwa elincane futhi elifushane, futhi ukushisa ekushiseni nokumhlophe kubonakala ngokucacile. Lokhu kuthinta kabi isivuno esizayo. Ngakho-ke, ukusungulwa kwegridi ye-shading kwaba impumelelo entsha ekuxazululeni inkinga.
Inhloso yegridi ye-shading ye-greenhouse
Inetha elikhulu lokudoba ama-ray elangeni likhiqizwa abakhiqizi basekhaya nabangaphandle. Zenziwe ngentambo yokwenza izinto nge-addition of foil. Ngokuyinhloko ama-grids ahlaza, kodwa amhlophe, aphuzi, njll. Ama-grids ahluke ngezinga lokuvikelwa elangeni. Lesi sinkomba sincike ngobukhulu beseli. Okukhudlwana, okungenani umsila uvikela isitshalo.
Izinga lama-grids grids ranges kusuka ku-45% kuya ku-90%. Izinto zokwenziwa ezivela kuzo zingamelana nemithonya yangaphandle nemisebe ye-ultraviolet. Umgomo wegridi ukukhombisa ingxenye yelanga bese uphathisa ama-radiation asele ngokunciphisa ekushiseni okushisa. Lokhu kudala izimo ezihle zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamanetha e-shading
Ukufaka ama-grids kuhlukaniswa ngezinga lokukhishwa, ngombala, ngesicelo. Isibonelo, ngokuba utamatisi okhulayo, ukhukhamba, ezinye izitshalo, zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo, ukufaka shayela ucingo.
Kubalulekile! Ikhono lokuhlakaza i-gridi yokukhanya kwelanga kuholela ekukhanyeni okufanayo phezu kwendawo yonke yokushisa. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uzuze isivuno sokuvuthwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kuzo zonke izitshalo ekushiseni okushisa.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokusetshenziswa kwegridi ye-shading
Igridi ye-shading ingasetshenziswa ngezinhloso ezehlukene. Isibonelo, ukudala ukuvikelwa ekuhloleni amehlo omakhelwane abacasulayo, isetshenziselwa ukwakha ucingo. Noma yikuphi ukulinganisa komshini kufanele lokhu, kodwa kuphakanyiswa phezulu. Ubukeka kahle enkundleni yebhodi ngegridi njengesabatha. Ukugcizelela kungcono kakhulu kwenziwa ngama-plastic clamps kuya ezakhiweni zocingo oluyinhloko. Igridi yokufaka izitshalo zokugcina izithombo zingagcina amarekhodi kanye namadokodo, ukugoqa kanye nezakhiwo zomakhiwo. Uzovumela ukufihla ezinambuzane ezinsukwini zasehlobo. 
Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamagridi asetshenziselwa shading ekukhiqizeni kwezitshalo, ezingahle zibekwe njengama-shading grids for utamatisi, ukhukhamba, njll. Igridi yamakhukhamba inezinga lokushayela lika-45%, utamatisi -60%. Izinhlobo ezincane kakhulu zama-grids zingasetshenziselwa ukumisa. Izindlu zokugcina izithombo zisebenzisa ama-gride ahlukene, ngokusekelwe ezitshalweni ezihlonyelwe nendlela yokufaka. U-45% ufanelekile ukufaka shading engenalutho, futhi u-70-80% ufanelekile ngaphandle.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamanetha o-shading obuningi
Uma sicabangela izimo zezulu kanye nezici zezitshalo ezihlwanyelwe, kubalulekile ukukhetha inetha lokuthungela insimu, ngesisekelo sobuningi bayo.
I-shading yegridi ihlukaniswa:
- 45% - okuhloswe ngazo izitshalo ezinothando;
- 60% - okuhloswe ukufaka shading kusuka ekushiseni okukhulu. Esetshenziswa ekukhuleni i-lettuce, imifino, utamatisi, isitshalo seqanda, iklabishi;
- 70% - okuhloswe ukukhosela ngaphandle kwendawo yokugcina izithombo;
- I-80% - yenzelwe izicingo, izicingo. Idala umthunzi omuhle wokukhosela imoto;
- 90% - ayisetshenziselwa izitshalo, ngoba cishe ayidlulisi ukukhanya. Isetshenziselwa i-gazebos.
Uyazi? I-greenhouse enkulu kakhulu e-UK. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa izakhiwo ezimbili ezinezitshalo ezishisayo nezaseMedithera izitshalo. It has a look of inflatable domes. Ukwakhiwa kwabo kwenziwa nge-steel tubular kanye ne-thermoplastiki futhi ayikho insizakalo yangaphakathi.
Amanetha abamba ukushisa ahlukaniswe kanjani nombala?
Ubuchwepheshe obusha obusiza ukulawula inqubo yokuvuthwa nokuthuthukisa izivuno kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwamanetha amnyama angashintsha inqwaba yokukhanyisa izitshalo. Kuye ngombala we-mesh, kungenzeka ukusheshisa noma ukubambezeleka kokuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingu-10-15. Futhi, ososayensi bathole ukuthi ngokusebenza ngamaza ahlukahlukene alula, kungenzeka ukulawula imisebenzi esemqoka yomjikelezo wokuphila kwezitshalo.
Ngaphambi kwalokho lalawula inani lokukhanyisa kwezitshalo, kuye ngokuthi izici zabo, futhi manje ukulawula ububanzi obukhulu bokukhanya kanye nomthelela walo ekukhuleni kwesitshalo.
Isibonelo, okubomvu kungasheshisa, futhi okwesibhakabhaka, okumpunga, noma omnyama kungabambezela inqubo yokumbali nokuvuthwa.
Futhi, umbala we-mesh uthinta amasiko ahlukene ngezindlela ezahlukene. Isibonelo, isaladi kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amanetha we-blue noma grey. Zenza inqubo yokwandisa ubukhulu obuhlaza. Ukuze uthole ama-apple nemifino yezithelo, i-red mesh ifaneleka kangcono. Ngaphansi kwawo izithelo ziyoba ezinkulu futhi ziphumule.
Ukuze kutholakale izitshalo eziphakeme ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, ukulawula okushisayo nokuhlinzekwa kokukhanyisa okulungile kuyadingeka. Ukufeza lezi zinhloso, abakhiqizi banikeza izikrini ezishisayo eziphakamisa izinga lokushisa kwezitshalo ebusuku futhi zivimbele ukunyuka kwezinsuku ezishisayo. Ngosizo lwabo, i-photosynthesis ithuthukiswa ngokwandisa inani lokukhanya okungafani. Lezi yizigqoko ezimnyama ze-shading.
Ukumboza izithombo zokugcina izithombo ezinamanetha anjalo, uvikela izitshalo kusuka emoyeni naseqhweni, nesichotho nelanga, kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngokunisela kanye nenani lomanyolo.
Lolu hlobo lwamanetha okuthungela ama-greenhouses anomaphesenti wokuthungatha angu-69-72%, ukuqhutshwa kokukhanya okungafaniyo ku-44% futhi kuhlale kusetshenziswa ezimweni ezehlukene zezulu.
Cabanga ukuthi yiziphi izici zemisebenzi ezenza izitshalo zemibala ehlukahlukene.
- Olubomvu - kunomthelela ekukhuleni okuthuthukisiwe kwengxenye engenhla yesitshalo, kwandisa isivuno, kuphuthumisa izimbali nokuvuthwa, kwandisa ubukhulu bezithelo. Uma siqhathanisa ukukhula okuphelele kwesitshalo esisodwa ngaphansi kwemigqa ehlukahlukene, khona-ke isitshalo ngaphansi kwegridi elibomvu kuyoba mude.
- Blue - inomthelela wokulimaza ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, ngaleyo ndlela ilawula ukuvuthwa kwesitshalo ngokuvumelana nezidingo zemakethe. I-dill, i-lettuce, i-parsley, imifino ibangela ukukhula kobukhulu obuhlaza.
- Grey - kunomthelela ohlangothini oluncane lwegatsha eliphakathi nendawo, landisa indawo yeqabunga, livikela isithwathwa.
- I-Pearl - kuthinta kahle ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo, ukwandisa izinga lokukhula, ukuthuthukiswa kwamagatsha engeziwe kanye nobukhulu bezithelo.
Indlela yokukhetha igridi ye-shading yokugcina izithombo
Ngokususelwa kunamba enkulu yamanetha e-shading, sizocabangela ukuthi singakhetha kanjani okulungile. Ukuze inetha lokugaya likwazi ukwenza kahle umsebenzi walo, kubalulekile ukulikhetha ngokusekelwe ezikhombisweni zesigaba sayo. Igridi ingasetshenziswa kokubili ezinqolobaneni ezinkulu zokugcina izithombo futhi ezincane nazo zonke izinhlobo zokugqoka. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukushisa kwezinga lokushisa ebusuku kubamba ukushisa kuka-15-20%. Lokhu kubangelwa ukubonakaliswa kokushisa okushisa. Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa elitheni lokushisa, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa igridi ye-shading eyinkimbinkimbi ngemishini yokwenza umfutho wezingqalasizinda kanye ne-ventilation yangaphakathi.
Kubalulekile! Abakhiqizi baqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwegridi shading ngezinkathi ezintathu. Ukuze igridi ihlale isikhathi eside, kufanele isuswe ngemuva kokuvuna futhi igcinwe egumbini losizo.
Ukufakwa kwegridi yokugcina izithombo
Ngaphambi kokuba uqine igridi ye-shading, udinga ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwazisa okuzokwenziwa, yiziphi izinto zokwakha kanye nokuthi yikuphi okumele kuthengwe. Ukunamathisela inetha lokuvikelwa kwelanga izitshalo, izisekelo kanye neziqeshana kuyadingeka. Umshini ulula kakhulu, ngakho-ke inamba encane yabantu ingayiphatha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbobo zezintambo zokuxubana zitholakala eceleni komngcele. Uma kungabikho izinsimbi, zingashintshwa ngetambo noma ngentambo. 
Umshini unamandla amakhulu, ngakho ukwephula akulula. Uma usenaso lesi simo, ukukhathazeka ngokuqhubeka nokuqhubeka ubude akufanelekile. Uma kuphakama kubalulekile ukulungisa kahle izisekelo, ngoba zingalimaza izitshalo uma ziwa. Umthamo womthunzi wokugcina izithombo ukukhanya kangangokuthi awukwazi ukuwalimaza uma uwela ezitshalweni.
Izakhiwo zokhuni noma zensimbi zingasetshenziswa njengezinsiza. Ngenxa yesakhiwo salo, igridi ayifuni futhi ayiphazamisi umoya, ngakho-ke ingafakwa endaweni yokushisa ene-top top. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo, umehluko wezinga lokushisa ngaphansi kwenetha nangaphandle yizi-15 degrees. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivumela amanzi ukuba adlule futhi avikele isivuno emoyeni nesichotho.
Uyazi? Kunezinetha ze-trellis. Bakuvumela ukuba ulondoloze indawo yokuhlwanyela ukhukhamba. Izimila zikhula, zibambelele enetheni ngezintuthwane. Ukhukhamba uthole ukukhanya okukhulu, umoya nokushisa, okungekho okungenakuthola izifo ze-fungal. Uma usebenzisa igridi elinjalo, ukuvuna kuyinjabulo ukuvuna.
Izici zokusetshenziswa kwegridi ye-Shading ku-greenhouse
Igridi ye-shading isetshenziswa kahle ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ukulawula izinga lokushisa esakhiweni nokuvikela izitshalo emiphumeleni eyingozi yelanga nelanga. Yakha i-microclimate ekahle ebamba lokushisa, okufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni izithombo. Ososayensi baye babonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwegridi lapho ukhula utamatisi kwandisa isivuno ngo-20%. It isetshenziswa kokubili ngaphakathi greenhouse futhi embozwe ngaphandle. Uma i-greenhouse igcwele ifilimu, inetha lizolivikela ekubhujisweni kwemoya nokubhujiswa kwesichotho. Uma izinga lokushisa likhulu, kuhle ukusebenzisa ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo kwe-shading.
Amanetha ahlukahlukene namanani abo aphansi aholela ekusetshenzisweni kwabo okukhulu ukutshala izitshalo. Ngeke kudingeke ukuthi baqiniseke ngokusebenza kwabo nokusebenzisa isikhathi eside.
